WordNet

on the surface; "surface materials of the moon"
the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary; "there is a special cleaner for these surfaces"; "the cloth had a pattern of red dots on a white surface"
the outermost level of the land or sea; "earthquakes originate far below the surface"; "three quarters of the Earths surface is covered by water" (同)Earth''s surface
a superficial aspect as opposed to the real nature of something; "it was not what it appeared to be on the surface"
the extended two-dimensional outer boundary of a three-dimensional object; "they skimmed over the surface of the water"; "a brush small enough to clean every dental surface"; "the sun has no distinct surface"
come to the surface (同)come_up, rise up, rise
exhibiting variation and change; "letters variant in size"
differing from a norm or standard; "a variant spelling"
a conjugated protein having a carbohydrate component
emerging to the surface and becoming apparent

PrepTutorEJDIC

(物の)表面,外面;水面 / 《比喩的に》『うわべ』,見かけ / 『表面(水面)の,』表面(水面)に関する / 《比喩的に》『うわべだけの,』見かけだけの / 陸(水)上輸送の / (沈んでいたものが)表面に浮上する;《話》《おどけて》(寝ていた人が)起きる / (…で)…‘に'表面をつける,〈道路〉‘を'舗装する《+名+with+名》
(同種のものと)異なった,別の / 異形;(同じ単語の)異なったつづり(発音など)

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Development of a latex agglutination test with recombinant variant surface glycoprotein for serodiagnosis of surra.

Rogé S1, Baelmans R2, Claes F3, Lejon V4, Guisez Y5, Jacquet D2, Büscher P6.
Veterinary parasitology.Vet Parasitol.2014 Sep 6. pii: S0304-4017(14)00480-4. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.08.026. [Epub ahead of print]
Serodiagnosis of surra is commonly performed with the CATT/Trypanosoma evansi direct agglutination test. This antibody detection test is based on lyophilised bloodstream form trypanosomes propagated in rats and presenting the predominant variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) RoTat 1.2 on their surface.
PMID 25224790

CpG-ODN class C-mediated immunostimulation and its potential against Trypanosoma evansi in equines.

Manuja A1, Kumar P2, Kumar R3, Kumar B4, Singha H4, Sharma RK3, Yadav SC4.
International immunopharmacology.Int Immunopharmacol.2014 Oct;22(2):366-70. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.07.016. Epub 2014 Jul 24.
Trypanosoma evansi is the causative agent of surra, which is the most common and widespread trypansomal disease. The infection is mainly restricted to animals, but it has also been documented in human. Trypanosomes possess the thick immunogenic surface coat known as variant surface glycoprotein (VSG
PMID 25066759

Trypanosoma brucei TIF2 suppresses VSG switching by maintaining subtelomere integrity.

Jehi SE1, Wu F1, Li B2.
Cell research.Cell Res.2014 Jul;24(7):870-85. doi: 10.1038/cr.2014.60. Epub 2014 May 9.
Subtelomeres consist of sequences adjacent to telomeres and contain genes involved in important cellular functions, as subtelomere instability is associated with several human diseases. Balancing between subtelomere stability and plasticity is particularly important for Trypanosoma brucei, a protozo
PMID 24810301

Both Type-I and Type-II Responses Contribute to Murine Trypanotolerance(Immunology)

Namangala Boniface,De Baetselier Patrick,Beschin Alain
The journal of veterinary medical science 71(3), 313-318, 2009-03-25
… The host immune system has been documented to influence the course and outcome of infection with the phospholipase-C-deficient (PLC^<-/->) Trypanosoma brucei brucei. … We addressed the resistant mechanisms during trypanosomosis by comparing the immune response to variant-specific surface glycoprotein (VSG) in relatively susceptible C3H mice and trypanotolerant (C57BL/6×BALB/c)-F1 (B6B-F1) mice infected with PLC^<-/-> …
NAID 110007131182

Quantitative Differences in Immune Responses in Mouse Strains that Differ in their Susceptibility to Trypanosoma brucei brucei Infection

Namangala Boniface,De Baetselier Patrick,Beschin Alain
日本獣醫學会会誌 71(7), 951-956, 2009
… We compared the relative resistance and soluble variant surface glycoprotein (VSG)-specific responses in (C57BL/6 × BALB/c)-F1 (B6B-F1) and C3H mice during infection with <i>Trypanosoma brucei brucei</i>, the hemoprotozoan parasite causing a debilitating disease in man and livestock. …
NAID 130000134433