WordNet

come into the company of; "She joined him for a drink"
cause to become joined or linked; "join these two parts so that they fit together" (同)bring together
make contact or come together; "The two roads join here" (同)conjoin
become part of; become a member of a group or organization; "He joined the Communist Party as a young man" (同)fall_in, get together
united or combined; "a joint session of Congress"; "joint owners"
marijuana leaves rolled into a cigarette for smoking (同)marijuana cigarette, reefer, stick, spliff
a disreputable place of entertainment
junction by which parts or objects are joined together
(anatomy) the point of connection between two bones or elements of a skeleton (especially if it allows motion) (同)articulation, articulatio
provide with a joint; "the carpenter jointed two pieces of wood" (同)articulate
affecting or involving two or more; "joint income-tax return"; "joint ownership"
fasten with a joint
fit as if by joints; "The boards fit neatly"
involving both houses of a legislature; "a joint session of Congress"
separate (meat) at the joint
the 13th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)m
the act of bringing two things into contact (especially for communication); "the joining of hands around the table"; "there was a connection via the internet" (同)connection, connexion

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈二つ以上のもの〉‘を'『つなぐ』,結合する《+『名』+『together』(『up』)》;(…に)…‘を'つなぐ《+『名』+『to』(『onto』)+『名』》 / (線などで)〈二つ以上のもの〉‘の'間を結ぶ(つなぐ)《+『名』+『by』(『with』)+『名』》 / (友情・結婚などで)〈人〉‘を'結びつける《+『名』+『in』+『名』》 / 〈川・道などが〉…‘と'いっしょになる,合流する / 〈会など〉‘に'『加入する』 / (…で)〈人〉‘の'『仲間に入る』,‘と'いっしょになる《+『名』〈人〉+『in』(『for』)+『名』,+『名』〈人〉+『in』do『ing』》 / (…に)『加わる』《+『in』+『名』〈事〉/+『in』『with』+『名』〈人〉》 / (人と…を)『ともにする』《+『with』+『名』〈人〉+『in』+『名』(doing)》 / 〈川・道などが〉『いっしょになる』,合流する / 接合箇所(点,面,線);継ぎ目
『関節』 / 『継ぎ目』,接合箇所,合わせ目 / 継ぎ目と継ぎ目の間の部分,節 / (二つの部分を継いだり支えたりするのに用いる)継ぎ手,ジョイント / (枝や葉の)つけ根,節 / (骨付きの)肉の大切り身 / 《俗》安酒場,とばく宿,アヘン窟(くつ) / 『共同の』,共有の;連帯の,連合の / 両院合同の;二院制議会の両院の / …‘を'継ぎ合わせる;…‘を'継ぎ目(関節)でつなぐ / …‘を'継ぎ目で分ける;〈鳥・肉など〉‘を'関節で切り分ける
Marine Corps海兵隊 / Medical Corps医療隊 / Member of Congress(米国の)国会議員
Mach number / mark[s] / Monsieur

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2021/06/04 09:21:05」(JST)

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The metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP) are situated between the metacarpal bones and the proximal phalanges of the fingers.^[1] These joints are of the condyloid kind, formed by the reception of the rounded heads of the metacarpal bones into shallow cavities on the proximal ends of the proximal phalanges.^[1] Being condyloid, they allow the movements of flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and circumduction at the joint.^[1]

Structure

Ligaments

Metacarpophalangeal articulation and articulations of digit. Palmar aspect.

Metacarpophalangeal articulation and articulations of digit. Ulnar aspect.

Each joint has:

palmar ligaments of metacarpophalangeal articulations
collateral ligaments of metacarpophalangeal articulations

Dorsal surfaces

The dorsal surfaces of these joints are covered by the expansions of the Extensor tendons, together with some loose areolar tissue which connects the deep surfaces of the tendons to the bones.

Function

The movements which occur in these joints are flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and circumduction; the movements of abduction and adduction are very limited, and cannot be performed while the fingers form a fist.^[2]

The muscles of flexion and extension are as follows:

Location	Flexion	Extension
fingers	Flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus, lumbricales, and interossei, assisted in the case of the little finger by the flexor digiti minimi brevis	extensor digitorum communis, extensor indicis proprius, and extensor digiti minimi muscle
thumb	flexor pollicis longus and brevis	extensor pollicis longus and brevis

Clinical significance

Arthritis of the MCP is a distinguishing feature of rheumatoid arthritis, as opposed to the distal interphalangeal joint in osteoarthritis.

Other animals

In many quadrupeds, particularly horses and other larger animals, the metacarpophalangeal joint is referred to as the "fetlock". This term is translated literally as "foot-lock". In fact, although the term fetlock does not specifically apply to other species' metacarpophalangeal joints (for instance, humans), the "second" or "mid-finger" knuckle of the human hand does anatomically correspond to the fetlock on larger quadrupeds. For lack of a better term, the shortened name may seem more practical.

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 332 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

^ ^a ^b ^c Drake, Vogl and Mitchell (2015). Grey's Anatomy for Students, 3rd Edition. Churchill Livingstone, Elsevier. p. 796. ISBN 9780702051319.
^ Gray's Anatomy (1918), see infobox

External links

Hand kinesiology at the University of Kansas Medical Center
EatonHand joi-047

UpToDate Contents

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1. 変形性関節症の臨床症状と診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of osteoarthritis
2. 指脱臼の整復 digit dislocation reduction
3. 手部の痛みを有する成人の病歴および検査 history and examination of the adult with hand pain
4. 指、手、および手首の骨折の概要 overview of finger hand and wrist fractures
5. 母指痛患者の評価 evaluation of the patient with thumb pain

English Journal

A simple method for equine kinematic gait event detection.

Holt D1, St George LB2, Clayton HM3, Hobbs SJ2.
Equine veterinary journal.Equine Vet J.2017 Sep;49(5):688-691. doi: 10.1111/evj.12669. Epub 2017 Feb 28.
PMID 28117488

IL-27 induces a pro-inflammatory response in human fetal membranes mediating preterm birth.

Yin N1, Wang H1, Zhang H1, Ge H1, Tan B1, Yuan Y1, Luo X1, Olson DM2, Baker PN3, Qi H4.
International immunopharmacology.Int Immunopharmacol.2017 Sep;50:361-369. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.06.031. Epub 2017 Jul 27.
PMID 28756371

Can Physical Examination Create a Stener Lesion?

Lankachandra M1, Eggers JP1, Bogener JW1, Hutchison RL2.
The journal of hand surgery Asian-Pacific volume.J Hand Surg Asian Pac Vol.2017 Sep;22(3):350-354. doi: 10.1142/S0218810417500411.
PMID 28774254

Japanese Journal

Ultrasonographic examination of rheumatoid arthritis patients who are free of physical synovitis: power Doppler subclinical synovitis is associated with bone erosion

Kawashiri Shin-ya,Suzuki Takahisa,Nakashima Yoshikazu,Horai Yoshiro,Okada Akitomo,Iwamoto Naoki,Ichinose Kunihiro,Tamai Mami,Arima Kazuhiko,Nakamura Hideki,Origuchi Tomoki,Uetani Masataka,Aoyagi Kiyoshi,Eguchi Katsumi,Kawakami Atsushi
Rheumatology 53(3), 562-569, 2014-03
… MSKUS of bilateral wrist and finger joints, including the first to fifth MCP joints, the first IP joint and the second to fifth PIP joints, was performed and the findings obtained by grey scale (GS) and PD were graded on a semi-quantitative scale from 0 to 3. … The percentages of patients with PD synovitis in at least one joint were PD grade 1, 58.6%; …
NAID 120005438873

臨床室小指中手指節関節垂直位ロッキングの1例

叶内平,越智健介,堀内行雄
整形外科 = Orthopedic surgery 64(13), 1372-1374, 2013-12
NAID 40019879295

Three Groups in the 28 Joints for Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovitis - Analysis Using More than 17,000 Assessments in the KURAMA Database.

Terao Chikashi,Hashimoto Motomu,Yamamoto Keiichi,Murakami Kosaku,Ohmura Koichiro,Nakashima Ran,Yamakawa Noriyuki,Yoshifuji Hajime,Yukawa Naoichiro,Kawabata Daisuke,Usui Takashi,Yoshitomi Hiroyuki,Furu Moritoshi,Yamada Ryo,Matsuda Fumihiko,Ito Hiromu,Fujii Takao,Mimori Tsuneyo
PloS one 8(3), 2013-03-12
… Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a joint-destructive autoimmune disease. … However, the relationship between, and the frequency of, the joint involvements are still not fully understood. … Correlations of joint symptoms were analyzed for swellings and tenderness using kappa coefficient and eigen vectors by principal component analysis. …
NAID 120005244457

「中手指節関節」

*Metacarpophalangeal joint*
Metacarpophalangeal joint
	The palmar aspect of the hand showing the epiphyses of the hand exploded. MCP joints in red.
	The DIP, PIP and MCP joints of the hand: MetaCarpoPhalangeal joint, and the interphalangeal joints of the hand: Distal InterPhalangeal; Proximal InterPhalangeal;
Details
System	099
Identifiers
Latin	articulationes metacarpophalangeae
MeSH	D008662
TA98	A03.5.11.501
TA2	1835
FMA	35246
	Anatomical terminology [edit on Wikidata]