関: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase、RNA polymerase、transcriptase

WordNet

the enzyme that copies DNA into RNA (同)RNA_polymerase
straightforward in means or manner or behavior or language or action; "a direct question"; "a direct response"; "a direct approach"
having no intervening persons, agents, conditions; "in direct sunlight"; "in direct contact with the voters"; "direct exposure to the disease"; "a direct link"; "the direct cause of the accident"; "direct vote" (同)unmediated
in precisely the same words used by a writer or speaker; "a direct quotation"; "repeated their dialog verbatim" (同)verbatim
(of a current) flowing in one direction only; "direct current"
be in charge of
being an immediate result or consequence; "a direct result of the accident"
command with authority; "He directed the children to do their homework"
direct in spatial dimensions; proceeding without deviation or interruption; straight and short; "a direct route"; "a direct flight"; "a direct hit"
give directions to; point somebody into a certain direction; "I directed them towards the town hall"
guide the actors in (plays and films)
lacking compromising or mitigating elements; exact; "the direct opposite"
moving from west to east on the celestial sphere; or--for planets--around the sun in the same direction as the Earth
similar in nature or effect or relation to another quantity; "a term is in direct proportion to another term if it increases (or decreases) as the other increases (or decreases)"
the 4th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)d
the 18th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)r
manageable by a supervising agent; "a directed program of study"
(often used in combination) having a specified direction; "a positively directed vector"; "goal-directed"

PrepTutorEJDIC

『まっすぐな』,一直線の(straight),直進する / (列車などが途中駅に寄らずに)直行 / 直系の / 『直接の』,じかの / 『率直な』,単刀直入の / 全くの,絶対の / 原典どおりの / 『まっすぐに』,直行で / 〈事〉‘を'『指揮する』,監督する / 《文》〈人〉‘に'『命令する』,指図する / 〈人〉‘に'(…への)『道を教える』《+『名』〈人〉+『to』+『名』》 / (…に)〈目・注意・努力など〉‘を'『向ける』《+『名』+『to』(『at, toward』)+『名』(do『ing』)》 / 〈音楽・演劇・映画など〉‘を'『指揮する』,演出する,監督する / (…に)〈手紙など〉‘を'あてる《+『名』+『to』+『名』》
deuteriumの化学記号
resistance / 17歳以下父兄同伴映画の表示 / rook
deoxyribonucleic acidディオキシリボ核酸

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/01 05:34:01」(JST)

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Structure of Taq DNA polymerase

A polymerase is an enzyme (EC 2.7.7.6/7/19/48/49) that synthesizes long chains or polymers of nucleic acids. DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase are used to assemble DNA and RNA molecules, respectively, by copying a DNA or RNA template strand using base-pairing interactions.

It is an accident of history that the enzymes responsible for the generation of other biopolymers are not also referred to as polymerases. For example, the enzymatic complex that assembles amino acids into proteins is termed the ribosome, rather than "protein polymerase".

A polymerase from the thermophilic bacterium, Thermus aquaticus (Taq) (PDB 1BGX, EC 2.7.7.7) is used in the polymerase chain reaction, an important technique of molecular biology.

Other well-known polymerases include:

Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase (TDT), which lends diversity to antibody heavy chains

Reverse Transcriptase, an enzyme used by RNA retroviruses like HIV, which is used to create a complementary strand to the preexisting strand of viral RNA before it can be integrated into the DNA of the host cell. It is also a major target for antiviral drugs.

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

RNA-Directed DNA Methylation: The Evolution of a Complex Epigenetic Pathway in Flowering Plants.

Matzke MA1, Kanno T, Matzke AJ.
Annual review of plant biology.Annu Rev Plant Biol.2015 Apr 29;66:243-267. Epub 2014 Dec 10.
RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) is an epigenetic process in plants that involves both short and long noncoding RNAs. The generation of these RNAs and the induction of RdDM rely on complex transcriptional machineries comprising two plant-specific, RNA polymerase II (Pol II)-related RNA polymerase
PMID 25494460

Step-wise and lineage-specific diversification of plant RNA polymerase genes and origin of the largest plant-specific subunits.

Wang Y1, Ma H.
The New phytologist.New Phytol.2015 Apr 29. doi: 10.1111/nph.13432. [Epub ahead of print]
Proteins often function as complexes, yet little is known about the evolution of dissimilar subunits of complexes. DNA-directed RNA polymerases (RNAPs) are multisubunit complexes, with distinct eukaryotic types for different classes of transcripts. In addition to Pol I-III, common in eukaryotes, pla
PMID 25921392

Complex Formation of RNA Silencing Proteins in the Perinuclear Region of Neurospora crassa.

Decker LM1, Boone EC1, Xiao H1, Shanker BS1, Boone SF1, Kingston SL2, Lee SA1, Hammond TM3, Shiu PK4.
Genetics.Genetics.2015 Apr;199(4):1017-21. doi: 10.1534/genetics.115.174623. Epub 2015 Feb 2.
In Neurospora, genes not paired during meiosis are targeted by meiotic silencing by unpaired DNA (MSUD). Here, our bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) study suggests that RNA-directed RNA polymerase, Dicer, Argonaute, and others form a silencing complex in the perinuclear region, with in
PMID 25644701

Japanese Journal

Preparation of S-Protected Cysteine-Containing Peptide Thioester and Its Use for the Synthesis of the Barnase-Like Domain in DNA-Directed RNA Polymerase II of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

HOJO Hironobu,YOSHIMURA Shoko,GO Mitiko,AIMOTO Saburo
Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan 68(1), 330-336, 1995-01-15
NAID 10008885262

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「DNA依存性RNAポリメラーゼ」「DNA-dependent RNA polymerase」「transcriptase」「DNA指向性RNAポリメラーゼ」
関連記事	「direct」「D」「R」「RNA」「DNA」