キサンチン酸化酵素阻害薬
WordNet
- limit, block, or decrease the action or function of; "inhibit the action of the enzyme"; "inhibit the rate of a chemical reaction"
- control and refrain from showing; of emotions, desires, impulses, or behavior (同)bottle up, suppress
- limit the range or extent of; "Contact between the young was inhibited by strict social customs"
- a substance that retards or stops an activity
- crystalline oxidation product of the metabolism of nucleoproteins; precursor of uric acid; found in many organs and in urine
- any of the enzymes that catalyze biological oxidation
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 〈感情・欲望・行動・作用など〉‘を'抑制する / (…しないように)〈人〉‘を'抑制する,妨げる《+『名』+『from』+『名』(do『ing』)》
- 抑制する人(物) / 化学反応抑制剤
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/12/01 02:22:32」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
A xanthine oxidase inhibitor is any substance that inhibits the activity of xanthine oxidase, an enzyme involved in purine metabolism. In humans, inhibition of xanthine oxidase reduces the production of uric acid, and several medications that inhibit xanthine oxidase are indicated for treatment of hyperuricemia and related medical conditions including gout.[1] Xanthine oxidase inhibitors are being investigated for management of reperfusion injury.
Xanthine oxidase inhibitors are of two kinds: purine analogues and others. Purine analogues include allopurinol, oxypurinol,[2] and tisopurine. Others include febuxostat,[3] topiroxostat, and inositols (phytic acid and myo-inositol[citation needed]).
In experiments, numerous natural products have been found to inhibit xanthine oxidase in vitro or in model animals (mice, rats). These include three flavonoids that occur in many different fruits and vegetables: kaempferol, myricetin, and quercetin.[4] More generally, planar flavones and flavonols with a 7-hydroxyl group inhibit xanthine oxidase.[5] An essential oil extracted from Cinnamomum osmophloeum inhibits xanthine oxidase in mice.[6] The natural product propolis from selected sources inhibits xanthine oxidase in rats; the specific substance responsible for this inhibition has not been identified, and the generality of these findings is unknown.[7] An extract of leaves of Pistacia integerrima also inhibits xanthine oxidase at a level that appears to merit further research.[8]
In folk medicine the tree fern Cyathea spinulosa (formerly Alsophila spinulosa) has been used for gout, but its most active component, caffeic acid, is only a weak inhibitor of xanthine oxidase.[9]
References
- ^ Pacher P, Nivorozhkin A, Szabó C (March 2006). "Therapeutic Effects of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors: Renaissance Half a Century after the Discovery of Allopurinol". Pharmacol. Rev. 58 (1): 87–114. doi:10.1124/pr.58.1.6. PMC 2233605. PMID 16507884.
- ^ Iwanaga T, Kobayashi D, Hirayama M, Maeda T, Tamai I (December 2005). "Involvement of uric acid transporter in increased renal clearance of the xanthine oxidase inhibitor oxypurinol induced by a uricosuric agent, benzbromarone". Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals 33 (12): 1791–5. doi:10.1124/dmd.105.006056. PMID 16135657.
- ^ Becker MA, Schumacher HR, Wortmann RL, et al. (March 2005). "Febuxostat, a novel nonpurine selective inhibitor of xanthine oxidase: a twenty-eight-day, multicenter, phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-response clinical trial examining safety and efficacy in patients with gout". Arthritis and rheumatism 52 (3): 916–23. doi:10.1002/art.20935. PMID 15751090.
- ^ Selloum L, Reichl S, Müller M, Sebihi L, Arnhold J (November 2001). "Effects of flavonols on the generation of superoxide anion radicals by xanthine oxidase and stimulated neutrophils". Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 395 (1): 49–56. doi:10.1006/abbi.2001.2562. PMID 11673865.
- ^ Nagao A, Seki M, Kobayashi H (October 1999). "Inhibition of xanthine oxidase by flavonoids". Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 63 (10): 1787–90. doi:10.1271/bbb.63.1787. PMID 10671036.
- ^ Wang SY, Yang CW, Liao JW, Zhen WW, Chu FH, Chang ST (August 2008). "Essential oil from leaves of Cinnamomum osmophloeum acts as a xanthine oxidase inhibitor and reduces the serum uric acid levels in oxonate-induced mice". Phytomedicine 15 (11): 940–5. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2008.06.002. PMID 18693097.
- ^ Yoshizumi K, Nishioka N, Tsuji T (March 2005). "プロポリスのキサンチンオキシダーゼ活性阻害作用及び血漿尿酸値低下作用 [Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity and hypouricemia effect of propolis in rats]". Yakugaku Zasshi (in Japanese) 125 (3): 315–21. doi:10.1248/yakushi.125.315. PMID 15738631.
- ^ Ahmad NS, Farman M, Najmi MH, Mian KB, Hasan A (May 2008). "Pharmacological basis for use of Pistacia integerrima leaves in hyperuricemia and gout". J Ethnopharmacol 117 (3): 478–82. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2008.02.031. PMID 18420362.
- ^ Chiang HC, Lo YJ, Lu FJ (1994). "Xanthine oxidase inhibitors from the leaves of Alsophila spinulosa (Hook) Tryon". Journal of Enzyme Inhibition 8 (1): 61–71. doi:10.3109/14756369409040777. PMID 7539070.
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Pharmacology: enzyme inhibition
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|
| Class |
- Competitive inhibition
- Uncompetitive inhibition
- Non-competitive inhibition
- Suicide inhibition
- Mixed inhibition
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|
| Substrate |
| Oxidoreductase (EC 1) |
- 1.1 Aldose reductase
- HMG-CoA reductase
- 1.5 Dihydrofolate reductase
- 1.17 Xanthine oxidase
- Ribonucleotide reductase
|
|
| Transferase (EC 2) |
- 2.1 COMT
- Thymidylate synthase
- 2.5 Dihydropteroate synthetase
- Farnesyltransferase
- 2.7 Nucleotidyltransferase
- Integrase
- Reverse transcriptase
- Protein kinase
|
|
| Hydrolase (EC 3) |
- 3.1 Phosphodiesterase
- Acetylcholinesterase
- Ribonuclease
- 3.2 Polygalacturonase
- Neuraminidase
- Alpha-glucosidase
- 3.4 Protease: Exopeptidase
- Endopeptidase
- Mixed
- Enkephalinase
- Matrix metalloproteinase
- Oxytocinase
- 3.5 Histone deacetylase
- Beta-lactamase
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| Lyase (EC 4) |
|
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|
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Drugs used for gout (M04)
|
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| Drugs to lower uric acid levels |
| primary |
- Probenecid
- Sulfinpyrazone
- Benzbromarone
- Isobromindione
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|
| secondary |
- Amlodipine
- Atorvastatin
- Fenofibrate
- Guaifenesin
- Losartan
|
|
|
| Xanthine oxidase inhibitors |
| purine analogues |
- Allopurinol#
- Oxypurinol
- Tisopurine
|
|
| other |
- Febuxostat
- Inositols (Phytic acid
- Myo-inositol)
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|
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| Mitotic inhibitors |
|
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| Other |
- Cinchophen
- NSAIDs except aspirin
- Sevelamer
- Urate oxidase (Rasburicase
- Pegloticase)
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-
- #WHO-EM
- ‡Withdrawn from market
- Clinical trials:
- †Phase III
- §Never to phase III
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Index of joint
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|
| Description |
- Anatomy
- head and neck
- cranial
- arms
- torso and pelvis
- legs
- bursae and sheathes
- Physiology
|
|
| Disease |
- Arthritis
- acquired
- back
- childhood
- soft tissue
- Congenital
- Injury
- Symptoms and signs
- Examination
|
|
| Treatment |
- Procedures
- Drugs
- rheumatoid arthritis
- gout
- topical analgesics
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Sitagliptin attenuates sympathetic innervation via modulating reactive oxygen species and interstitial adenosine in infarcted rat hearts.
- Lee TM1, Chen WT, Yang CC, Lin SZ, Chang NC.
- Journal of cellular and molecular medicine.J Cell Mol Med.2014 Nov 11. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.12465. [Epub ahead of print]
- We investigated whether sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, attenuates arrhythmias through inhibiting nerve growth factor (NGF) expression in post-infarcted normoglycemic rats, focusing on adenosine and reactive oxygen species production. DPP-4 bound adenosine deaminase has been
- PMID 25388908
- Influence of urate-lowering therapies on renal handling of uric acid.
- Ma L1, Wei L, Chen H, Zhang Z, Yu Q, Ji Z, Jiang L.
- Clinical rheumatology.Clin Rheumatol.2014 Nov 6. [Epub ahead of print]
- The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of urate-lowering therapies (ULTs) on renal uric acid excretion in gout patients. This prospective observational study involved 106 primary gout patients and 51 healthy controls. Gout patients received ULT with either xanthine oxidase inhibitors
- PMID 25373449
- Switching from allopurinol to febuxostat for the treatment of hyperuricemia and renal function in patients with chronic kidney disease.
- Tsuruta Y1, Mochizuki T, Moriyama T, Itabashi M, Takei T, Tsuchiya K, Nitta K.
- Clinical rheumatology.Clin Rheumatol.2014 Nov;33(11):1643-8. doi: 10.1007/s10067-014-2745-5. Epub 2014 Jul 22.
- Hyperuricemia is a frequent complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Febuxostat is a novel xanthine oxidase inhibitor that is metabolized by many metabolic pathways in the kidney and the liver. We performed a 1-year cohort study of 73 hyperuricemic patients who had an estimated glomerular filtr
- PMID 25048744
Japanese Journal
- Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Aryl-2<i>H</i>-pyrazole Derivatives as Potent Non-purine Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors
- Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel aryl-2<i>H</i>-pyrazole derivatives as potent non-purine xanthine oxidase inhibitors
Related Links
- Learn and talk about Xanthine oxidase inhibitor , and check out Xanthine oxidase inhibitor on Wikipedia, Youtube, Google News, Google ...
- Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors: Dosing, Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Patient Handouts, Pricing and more from Medscape Reference ... Medscape's clinical reference is the most authoritative and accessible point-of-care medical ...
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- xanthine oxidase inhibitor
[★]
- 関
- abrogate、block、depress、depression、deter、inhibition、interdict、prevent、prevention、repress、repression、restrain、restraint、suppress、suppression
[★]
- 関
- blocker、depressant、suppressant
[★]
キサンチンオキシダーゼ