屈曲反射。逃避反射
WordNet
- pull back or move away or backward; "The enemy withdrew"; "The limo pulled away from the curb" (同)retreat, pull away, draw back, recede, pull_back, retire, move back
- remove (a commodity) from (a supply source); "She drew $2,000 from the account"; "The doctors drew medical supplies from the hospitals emergency bank" (同)draw, take_out, draw_off
- the termination of drug taking (同)drug_withdrawal
- the act of ceasing to participate in an activity
- the act of taking out money or other capital
- the act of withdrawing blood, tumors, etc.; "the nurse was expert at the withdrawal of blood"
- the act of withdrawing; "the withdrawal of French troops from Vietnam"
- a retraction of a previously held position (同)backdown, climb-down
- avoiding emotional involvement (同)detachment
- an automatic instinctive unlearned reaction to a stimulus (同)reflex response, reflex action, instinctive reflex, innate reflex, inborn reflex, unconditioned_reflex, physiological reaction
- (of leaves) bent downward and outward more than 90 degrees
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (…から)…‘を'『引っ込める』《+名+from+名》 / (…から)…‘の'身を引かせる,‘を'退かせる《+名+from+名》 / (…から)…‘を'引き出す,回収する《+名+from+名》 / 〈申し出・約束など〉‘を'取り消す,撤回する / 『引き下がる』;(…から,…へ)退く《+from(into)+名》 / (…から)身を引く《+from+名(doing)》 / よける,身をかわす / 取り消す,撤回する
- 引っ込めること,引っ込むこと,退くこと / 引き上げ,回収 / 取り消し,撤回
- 反射(刺激に対する無意識の反応) / 《複数形で》反射的な動き / (光などの)反射,反射光;映像 / 反射性の / (カメラが)レフ鋼の,反射型の
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2017/01/25 10:57:48」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
The withdrawal reflex (nociceptive or flexor withdrawal reflex) is a spinal reflex intended to protect the body from damaging stimuli.[1] It is polysynaptic; causing stimulation of sensory-, association-, and motor neurons.[1]
Contents
- 1 Example
- 2 Crossed extension reflex following withdrawal reflex
- 3 See also
- 4 References
- 5 External links
Example
When a person touches a hot object and withdraws their hand from it without actively thinking about it, the heat stimulates temperature and danger receptors in the skin, triggering a sensory impulse that travels to the central nervous system. The sensory neuron then synapses with interneurons that connect to motor neurons.[2] Some of these send motor impulses to the flexors that lead to the muscles in the arm to contract, while some motor neurons send inhibitory impulses to the extensors so flexion is not inhibited. This is referred to as reciprocal innervation.[3]
Crossed extension reflex following withdrawal reflex
Main article: Crossed extensor reflex
Once a danger receptor (called 'nociceptor') has been stimulated, the signal travels via the sensory nerve to the dorsal (posterior) horn of the spinal cord. The nerve synapses with ipsilateral motor neurons that exit the ventral (anterior) horn of the spinal cord and work to pull the soon-to-be injured body part away from danger within 0.5 seconds. [1] At the same time, the sensory neuron synapses with the ipsilateral motor neuron, as well as the motor neuron in the contralateral anterior horn.[3] This motor neuron stabilizes the uninjured side of the body (for instance; preparing the other leg to support the entire body weight when the other foot has stepped on a tack). At the same time as these two synapses, the sensory neuron also sends signals along the spinal cord to get motor neurons to contract muscles that shift the center of gravity of the body to maintain balance. This contralateral stimulation of motor neurons to stabilize the body is called the crossed extension reflex, and is a result of the withdrawal reflex (usually in the lower extremities).[4]
See also
- Interneuron
- Nociceptor
- Reflex
References
- ^ a b c Solomon; Schmidt (1990). "13". In Carol, Field. Human Anatomy & physiology (2 ed.). Saunders College Publishing. p. 470. ISBN 0-03-011914-6.
- ^ Thibodeau, Gary; Patton, Kevin (2000). "7". In Schrefer, Sally. Structure & Function of the Body (11 ed.). Mosby, Inc. p. 170. ISBN 0-323-01082-2.
- ^ a b Seeley, Rod; Stephens, Trent; Philip Tate (1992). Allen, Deborah, ed. Anatomy and physiology (2 ed.). Mosby-Year Book, Inc.
- ^ Anatomy and Physiology, The Unity of Form and Function by Ken Saladin. Pg 505-506.
External links
- Ole K. Andersen, SMI, Aalborg University - Physiological and Pharmacological modulation of the human nociceptive withdrawal reflex
Nervous system physiology: neurophysiology - reflex
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Cranial nerve |
- midbrain: Pupillary light reflex
- Accommodation reflex
pons/medulla: Jaw jerk reflex
- Corneal reflex
- Caloric reflex test/Vestibulo-ocular reflex/Oculocephalic reflex
- Pharyngeal (gag) reflex
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Stretch reflexes |
- upper limb: Biceps reflex C5/C6
- Brachioradialis reflex C6
- Triceps reflex C7/C8
lower limb: Patellar reflex L2-L4
- Ankle jerk reflex S1/S2
- Plantar reflex L5-S2
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Primitive reflexes |
- Galant
- Gastrocolic
- Grasp
- Moro
- Rooting
- Stepping
- Sucking
- Tonic neck
- Parachute
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Superficial reflexes |
- Abdominal reflex
- Cremasteric reflex
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Lists |
- general
- alphabetical
- by organ
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Cardiovascular |
- Bainbridge reflex
- Bezold-Jarisch reflex
- Coronary reflex
- Mammalian diving reflex
- Oculocardiac reflex
Baroreflex
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- Reflex bradycardia
- Reflex tachycardia
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Respiratory
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Other |
- Acoustic reflex
- H-reflex
- Golgi tendon reflex
- Optokinetic
- Startle reaction
- Withdrawal reflex (Crossed extensor reflex)
- Symmetrical tonic neck reflex
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Impact of the alterations in the interstitial cells of Cajal on intestinal motility in post-infection irritable bowel syndrome.
- Yang B1, Zhou XC1, Lan C2.
- Molecular medicine reports.Mol Med Rep.2015 Apr;11(4):2735-40. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2014.3039. Epub 2014 Dec 3.
- The interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) are basic components of gastrointestinal motility. However, changes in ICC and their role in post‑infection irritable bowel syndrome (PI‑IBS) remain to be elucidated. To observe the impact of alterations in the ICC on intestinal motility in a PI‑IBS mouse
- PMID 25484117
- Cardiovascular effects of a labdenic diterpene isolated from Moldenhawera nutans in conscious, spontaneously hypertensive rats.
- de Barros Correia Junior CA1, Bezerra de Siqueira RJ, Leal Interaminense LF, Alves-Santos TR, Duarte GP, David JM, David JP, Magalhães PJ, Lahlou S.
- Pharmaceutical biology.Pharm Biol.2015 Apr;53(4):582-7. doi: 10.3109/13880209.2014.934964. Epub 2014 Dec 9.
- Abstract Context: The labdenic diterpene labd-8(17)-en-15-oic acid (labd-8) isolated from a methanolic extract of Moldenhawera nutans Queiroz & Alkin (Leguminosae) has hypotensive and tachycardiac properties in normotensive rats. A part of the hypotensive effect was due to a reduction in the sym
- PMID 25489636
- Tolerance to ethanol intoxication after chronic ethanol: role of GluN2A and PSD-95.
- Daut RA1, Busch EF, Ihne J, Fisher D, Mishina M, Grant SG, Camp M, Holmes A.
- Addiction biology.Addict Biol.2015 Mar;20(2):259-62. doi: 10.1111/adb.12110. Epub 2014 Jan 7.
- The neural and genetic factors underlying chronic tolerance to alcohol are currently unclear. The GluN2A N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) subunit and the NMDAR-anchoring protein PSD-95 mediate acute alcohol intoxication and represent putative mechanisms mediating tolerance. We found that chr
- PMID 24397780
Japanese Journal
- マウスにおけるケタミンに代わる三種混合麻酔薬の効果について
- KAWAI Sumiko,TAKAGI Yasuhiro,KANEKO Shiro,KUROSAWA Tsutomu
- Experimental animals 60(5), 481-487, 2011-10-01
- … In order to assess anesthetic depth and duration, we stimulated the mice directly after loss of righting reflexes to recovery of these same reflexes and then recorded four parameters—a tail pinch reflex, a pedal withdrawal reflex in the forelimbs, a pedal withdrawal reflex in the hindlimbs, and corneal reflex. …
- NAID 10029835431
Related Links
- reflex /re·flex/ (re´fleks) a reflected action or movement; the sum total of any particular automatic response mediated by the nervous system. abdominal reflexes contractions of the abdominal muscles on stimulation of the abdominal ...
- Translations of Withdrawal reflex. Withdrawal reflex synonyms, Withdrawal reflex antonyms. Information about Withdrawal reflex in the free online English dictionary and encyclopedia. Printer Friendly Dictionary, Encyclopedia and ...
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- flexion reflex
- 同
- 屈筋反射 flexor reflex、逃避反射 withdrawal reflex flight reflex
- 関
- 表在反射、皮膚反射、回避反射、avoidance reflex
[★]
- (p.)withdrew-(pp.)withdrawn
- 関
- abort、deprive、discontinuance、discontinuation、discontinue、drug withdrawal、free、obviate、omit、pause、recede、remove、stop、strip、suspend、withdrawal
[★]
- 関
- abort, abstinence, discontinuance, discontinuation, discontinue, disengage, drug withdrawal, pause, stop, suspend, withdraw
[★]
- 関
- reflect、reflection、reflective