IV型過敏性免疫反応
WordNet
- write by means of a keyboard with types; "type the acceptance letter, please" (同)typewrite
- a small metal block bearing a raised character on one end; produces a printed character when inked and pressed on paper; "he dropped a case of type, so they made him pick them up"
- (biology) the taxonomic group whose characteristics are used to define the next higher taxon
- a subdivision of a particular kind of thing; "what type of sculpture do you prefer?"
- all of the tokens of the same symbol; "the word `element contains five different types of character"
- printed characters; "small type is hard to read"
- identify as belonging to a certain type; "Such people can practically be typed" (同)typecast
- (mechanics) the equal and opposite force that is produced when any force is applied to a body; "every action has an equal and opposite reaction"
- a response that reveals a persons feelings or attitude; "he was pleased by the audiences reaction to his performance"; "John feared his mothers reaction when she saw the broken lamp"
- a bodily process occurring due to the effect of some antecedent stimulus or agent; "a bad reaction to the medicine"; "his responses have slowed with age" (同)response
- doing something in opposition to another way of doing it that you dont like; "his style of painting was a reaction against cubism"
- an idea evoked by some experience; "his reaction to the news was to start planning what to do"
- extreme conservatism in political or social matters; "the forces of reaction carried the election"
- the 9th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)i
- pathological sensitivity
- extreme sensitivity
- writing done with a typewriter (同)typewriting
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 〈C〉(…の)『型』,タイプ,類型,種類(kind)《+of+名》 / 〈C〉(その種類の特質を最もよく表している)『典型』,手本,模範《+of+名》 / 〈U〉《集合的に》活字;〈C〉(1個の)活字 / 〈U〉(印刷された)字体,活字 / 〈C〉(貨幣・メダルなどの)模様,図柄 / 〈C〉血液型(blood group) / …‘を'タイプに打つ / (…として)…‘を'分類する《+名+as+名(doing)》 / …‘の'型を決める / タイプライターを打つ
- {名}(…に対する)『反応』《+『to』+『名』》 / 〈U〉(…に対する)(政治的・社会的な)『反動』,逆コース《+『against』+『名』》 / 〈U〉〈C〉化学反応,化学変化 / 〈U〉〈C〉(物理学で)反作用
- 『私は』私が
- iodineの化学記号
- 過敏,過敏症
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/10/19 14:21:41」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Type IV hypersensitivity |
| Classification and external resources |
| MeSH |
D006968 |
Type 4 hypersensitivity is often called delayed type hypersensitivity as the reaction takes two to three days to develop. Unlike the other types, it is not antibody mediated but rather is a type of cell-mediated response.
CD4+ helper T cells recognize antigen in a complex with Class II major histocompatibility complex. The antigen-presenting cells in this case are macrophages that secrete IL-12, which stimulates the proliferation of further CD4+ Th1 cells. CD4+ T cells secrete IL-2 and interferon gamma, further inducing the release of other Th1 cytokines, thus mediating the immune response. Activated CD8+ T cells destroy target cells on contact, whereas activated macrophages produce hydrolytic enzymes and, on presentation with certain intracellular pathogens, transform into multinucleated giant cells.
Examples
| Disease |
Target antigen |
Effects |
| Diabetes mellitus type 1 |
Pancreatic beta cell proteins
(possibly insulin, Glutamate decarboxylase) |
- Insulitis
- Beta cell destruction
|
| Multiple sclerosis |
Oligodendrocyte proteins
(myelin basic protein, proteolipid protein) |
- Demyelinating disease
- Perivascular inflammation
- Paralysis
- Ocular lesions
|
| Some peripheral neuropathies |
Schwann cell antigen |
|
| Hashimoto's Thyroiditis |
Thyroglobulin antigen |
- Hypothyroidism
- Hard goiter
- Follicular thymitis
|
| Crohn's disease |
Unknown |
- Chronic inflammation of ileum and colon
|
| Allergic contact dermatitis |
Environmental chemicals, e.g. poison ivy, nickel |
- Dermatitis with usually short-lived itching
|
| Mantoux test* (diagnostic) |
Tuberculin |
- Skin induration indicates TB exposure
|
| Unless else specified in boxes, then ref is:[1]
* - Mantoux test not taken from [1]
|
An example of a TB infection that came under control: M. tuberculosis are engulfed by macrophages after being identified as foreign, but due to an immuno-escape mechanism peculiar to mycobacteria, TB bacteria are able to block the fusion of their enclosing phagosome with lysosomes which would destroy the bacteria. Thereby TB can continue to replicate within macrophages. After several weeks, the immune system somehow [mechanism as yet unexplained] ramps up and, on stimulation with IFN-gamma, the macrophages become capable of killing M. tuberculosis by forming phagolysosomes and nitric oxide radicals. However the hyper-activated macrophages secrete TNF which recruits multiple monocytes into the battle. These cells differentiate into epithelioid histiocytes which wall off the infected cells, but at the cost of significant inflammation and local damage.
Some other clinical examples:
- Temporal arteritis
- Hashimoto's thyroiditis
- Symptoms of leprosy
- Symptoms of tuberculosis
- Coeliac disease
- Graft-versus-host disease[2]
- Chronic transplant rejection
See also
- Type I hypersensitivity
- Type II hypersensitivity
- Type III hypersensitivity
- Type V hypersensitivity
References
- ^ a b Table 5-5 in: Mitchell, Richard Sheppard; Kumar, Vinay; Abbas, Abul K.; Fausto, Nelson. Robbins Basic Pathology. Philadelphia: Saunders. ISBN 1-4160-2973-7. 8th edition.
- ^ "eMedicine - Hypersensitivity Reactions, Delayed : Article by Walter Duane Hinshaw".
|
Hypersensitivity and autoimmune diseases (279.5–6)
|
|
Type I/allergy/atopy
(IgE) |
| Foreign |
- Atopic eczema
- Allergic urticaria
- Allergic rhinitis (Hay fever)
- Allergic asthma
- Anaphylaxis
- Food allergy
- common allergy inculdeMilk
- Egg
- Peanut
- Tree nut
- Seafood
- Soy
- Wheat
- Penicillin allergy
|
|
| Autoimmune |
|
|
|
Type II/ADCC
|
| Foreign |
- Hemolytic disease of the newborn
|
|
| Autoimmune |
| Cytotoxic |
- Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
- Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
- Bullous pemphigoid
- Pemphigus vulgaris
- Rheumatic fever
- Goodpasture's syndrome
- Guillain–Barré syndrome
|
|
| "Type V"/receptor |
- Graves' disease
- Myasthenia gravis
- Pernicious anemia
|
|
|
|
Type III
(Immune complex) |
| Foreign |
- Henoch–Schönlein purpura
- Hypersensitivity vasculitis
- Reactive arthritis
- Farmer's lung
- Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
- Serum sickness
- Arthus reaction
|
|
| Autoimmune |
- Systemic lupus erythematosus
- Subacute bacterial endocarditis
- Rheumatoid arthritis
|
|
|
Type IV/cell-mediated
(T cells) |
| Foreign |
- Allergic contact dermatitis
- Mantoux test
|
|
| Autoimmune |
- Diabetes mellitus type 1
- Hashimoto's thyroiditis
- Multiple sclerosis
- Coeliac disease
- Giant-cell arteritis
- Postorgasmic illness syndrome
|
|
| GVHD |
- Transfusion-associated graft versus host disease
|
|
|
Unknown/
multiple |
| Foreign |
- Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
- Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
- Transplant rejection
- Latex allergy (I+IV)
|
|
| Autoimmune |
- Sjögren's syndrome
- Autoimmune hepatitis
- Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome
- Autoimmune adrenalitis
- Systemic autoimmune disease
|
|
|
|
Index of the immune system
|
|
| Description |
- Physiology
- cells
- autoantigens
- autoantibodies
- complement
- surface antigens
- IG receptors
|
|
| Disease |
- Allergies
- Immunodeficiency
- Immunoproliferative immunoglobulin disorders
- Hypersensitivity and autoimmune disorders
- Neoplasms and cancer
|
|
| Treatment |
- Procedures
- Drugs
- antihistamines
- immunostimulants
- immunosuppressants
- monoclonal antibodies
|
|
|
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Skin Testing and Patch Testing in Non-IgE-Mediated Drug Allergy.
- Barbaud A.
- Current allergy and asthma reports.Curr Allergy Asthma Rep.2014 Jun;14(6):442. doi: 10.1007/s11882-014-0442-8.
- Drug skin tests can reproduce delayed hypersensitivity to drugs and entail a moderate reexposure of patients to offending drugs. Drug patch tests (DPTs) and prick tests can be done with any commercialized form of a drug. In non-severe delayed non-IgE-mediated reactions to drugs, intradermal tests (I
- PMID 24740692
- Contact dermatitis as a systemic disease.
- Kulberg A1, Schliemann S1, Elsner P2.
- Clinics in dermatology.Clin Dermatol.2014 May-Jun;32(3):414-9. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2013.11.008. Epub 2013 Nov 22.
- Systemic contact dermatitis (SCD) is a condition occurring in previously sensitized individuals after systemic re-exposure to the same or cross-reacting substance. Systemic route of administration means uptake of an allergen via percutaneous, transmucosal, oral, intravenous, intramuscular, and inhal
- PMID 24767189
- Systemic Nickel Allergy after Internal Fixation of a Bunionectomy.
- Zhubrak M1, Bar-David T2.
- The Journal of foot and ankle surgery : official publication of the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons.J Foot Ankle Surg.2014 Apr 25. pii: S1067-2516(14)00106-9. doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2014.03.006. [Epub ahead of print]
- Allergic reactions to implanted metals have been estimated to occur in 1% to 5% of orthopedic cases. Stainless steel screws, which contain 14% nickel, are commonly used for internal fixation in an array of podiatric procedures. We present a rare case of a systemic allergic reaction to nickel seconda
- PMID 24774988
Japanese Journal
- 食物特異的リンパ球増殖反応検査によってＩｇＥ非依存性消化管アレルギーと診断した乳児肝炎の２例
- 秋谷 進,宮本 幸伸,木村 光明
- 日本小児アレルギー学会誌 23(1), 139-146, 2009
- 原因不明の乳児肝炎として経過観察していた症例で，IgE 非依存性牛乳アレルギーと診断した２症例を経験した．IgE 抗体非依存性食物アレルギーは，IgE 抗体が通常陰性であるため食物アレルギーとは気づかれず種々の侵襲的検査を余儀なくされ，診断の遅れのために栄養障害や重症化をきたした報告も多く認められる．現在のところ IgE 抗体非依存性食物アレルギーの診断には評価の一定した検査方法がないが，臨床経過 …
- NAID 130004852147
- エアロゾルによるアレルギー : カビ, 溶剤, 化学物質
- 森本 泰夫,長友 寛子,岡田 千恵 [他],山本 貴子
- エアロゾル研究 = Journal of aerosol research 20(2), 160-164, 2005-06-20
- … Hypersensitivity pneumonitis is a common type IV, or delayed allergic reaction caused by inhalation of aerosol fungi, solvents or chemical substances; … In this study, the concept of type IV allergy reaction and the features of and further responses to such allergies including hypersentivity pneumonitis are described. …
- NAID 10016437844
- 増渕 隆之,山本 博之,須藤 哲雄 [他],田中 直彦,谷村 繁雄,本間 和夫
- 北里医学 34(1), 29-32, 2004-06-30
- … 夏型過敏性肺臓炎はIII型またはIV型のアレルギー反応で惹起されるが,免疫能が低下している透析患者の過敏性肺臓炎の合併例は珍しいと考えた。 …
- NAID 110006405896
★リンクテーブル★
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- 英
- type IV hypersensitivity reaction
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- アレルギー
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- hypersensitivity reactions＆type IV
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- hypersensitivity reactions＆type IV
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