n.

ヨウ化物、ヨウ化

adj.

ヨウ素の

関: I、I2、iodine、iodo

WordNet

a salt or ester of hydriodic acid
the 9th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)i
a colorless gas that yields hydroiodic acid in aqueous solution

PrepTutorEJDIC

ヨウ化物
『私は』私が
iodineの化学記号

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/03/24 18:43:37」(JST)

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"i-" redirects here. For the Internet-related prefix i-, see Wiktionary's entry i-.

An iodide ion is the ion I⁻.^[2] Compounds with iodine in formal oxidation state −1 are called iodides. This page is for the iodide ion and its salts, not organoiodine compounds. In everyday life, iodide is most commonly encountered as a component of iodized salt, which many governments mandate. Worldwide, iodine deficiency affects two billion people and is the leading preventable cause of intellectual disability.^[3]

Structure and characteristics of inorganic iodides[edit]

Iodide is one of the largest monatomic anions. It is assigned a radius of around 206 picometers. For comparison, the lighter halides are considerably smaller: bromide (196 pm), chloride (181 pm), and fluoride (133 pm). In part because of its size, iodide forms relatively weak bonds with most elements.

Most iodide salts are soluble in water, but often less so than the related chlorides and bromides. Iodide, being large, is less hydrophilic than are the smaller anions. One consequence of this is that sodium iodide is highly soluble in acetone, whereas sodium chloride is not. The low solubility of silver iodide and lead iodide reflects the covalent character of these metal iodides. A test for the presence of iodide ions is the formation of yellow precipitates of these compounds upon treatment of a solution of silver nitrate or lead(II) nitrate.^[2]

Aqueous solutions of iodide salts dissolve iodine better than pure water. This effect is due to the formation of the triiodide ion, which is brown:

I⁻ + I₂ ⇌ I₃⁻

Redox, including antioxidant properties[edit]

Iodide salts are mild reducing agents and many react with oxygen to give iodine. A reducing agent is a chemical term for an antioxidant. Its antioxidant properties can be expressed quantitatively as a redox potential :

I⁻ ⇌ 1/2 I₂ + e⁻ (electrons) = - 0.54 Volt vs SHE

Because iodide is easily oxidized, some enzymes readily convert it into electrophilic iodinating agents, as required for the biosynthesis of myriad iodide-containing natural products. Iodide can function as an antioxidant reducing species that can destroy reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide:^[4]

2 I⁻ + Peroxidase + H₂O₂ + tyrosine, histidine, lipid, etc. → iodo-Compounds + H₂O + 2 e⁻ (antioxidants).

Representative iodides[edit]

Compound	Formula	Appearance	Use or occurrence
Potassium iodide	KI	white crystals	iodine component of iodized salt
Hydrogen iodide	HI	colourless solution	strong mineral acid
Silver iodide	AgI	yellow powder that darkens in light	photoactive component of silver-based photographic film
Thyroxine (3,5,3',5'-tetraiodothyronine)	C₁₅H₁₁I₄NO₄	pale yellow solid	hormone essential for human health

HI																	He
LiI	BeI₂											BI₃	CI₄	NI₃	I₂O₄, I₂O₅, I₄O₉	IF, IF₃, IF₅, IF₇	Ne
NaI	MgI₂											AlI₃	SiI₄	PI₃, P₂I₄	S	ICl, ICl₃	Ar
KI	CaI₂	Sc	TiI₄	VI₃	Cr	MnI₂	Fe	CoI₂	NiI₂	CuI	ZnI₂	Ga₂I₆	GeI₂, GeI₄	AsI₃	Se	IBr	Kr
RbI	SrI₂	Y	ZrI₄	Nb	Mo	Tc	Ru	Rh	Pd	AgI	CdI₂	InI₃	SnI₄, SnI₂	SbI₃	TeI₄	I	Xe
CsI	BaI₂		Hf	Ta	W	Re	Os	Ir	Pt	AuI	Hg₂I₂, HgI₂	TlI	PbI₂	BiI₃	Po	AtI	Rn
Fr	Ra		Rf	Db	Sg	Bh	Hs	Mt	Ds	Rg	Cn	Uut	Fl	Uup	Lv	Uus	Uuo
		↓
		La	Ce	Pr	Nd	Pm	SmI₂	Eu	Gd	TbI₃	Dy	Ho	Er	Tm	YbI₂	Lu
		Ac	ThI₄	Pa	UI₃, UI₄	Np	Pu	Am	Cm	Bk	Cf	Es	Fm	Md	No	Lr

Other oxyanions[edit]

Iodine can assume oxidation states of −1, +1, +3, +5, or +7. A number of neutral iodine oxides are also known.

Iodine oxidation state	−1	+1	+3	+5	+7
Name	iodide	hypoiodite	iodite	iodate	periodate
Formula	I⁻	IO⁻	IO₂⁻	IO₃⁻	IO₄⁻ or IO₆⁵⁻

References[edit]

^ "Iodide - PubChem Public Chemical Database". The PubChem Project. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information.
^ ^a ^b Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0080379419.
^ McNeil, Donald G. Jr (2006-12-16). "In Raising the World’s I.Q., the Secret’s in the Salt". New York Times. Retrieved 2008-12-04.
^ Küpper FC; Carpenter LJ; McFiggans GB et al. (2008). "Iodide accumulation provides kelp with an inorganic antioxidant impacting atmospheric chemistry" (Free full text). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105 (19): 6954–8. Bibcode:2008PNAS..105.6954K. doi:10.1073/pnas.0709959105. PMC 2383960. PMID 18458346.

External links[edit]

"Seaweed use iodine as an antioxidant". Chemistry World blog. Retrieved 2008-05-15.
"Stressed seaweed contributes to cloudy coastal skies, study suggests". Retrieved 2008-05-15.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. ヨード欠乏症 iodine deficiency disorders
2. ヨード誘発性甲状腺機能異常症 iodine induced thyroid dysfunction
3. ヨウ素による甲状腺機能亢進症の治療 iodine in the treatment of hyperthyroidism
4. 食物中の微量ミネラルの概要 overview of dietary trace minerals
5. 妊娠していない成人におけるグレーブス甲状腺機能亢進症：治療の概要 graves hyperthyroidism in nonpregnant adults overview of treatment

English Journal

Effect of cultivar, location and year on total starch, amylose, phosphorus content and starch grain size of high starch potato cultivars for food and industrial processing.

Simková D, Lachman J, Hamouz K, Vokál B.SourcePotato Research Institute Ltd., Dobrovského 2366, Havlíčkův Brod 580 01, Czech Republic.
Food chemistry.Food Chem.2013 Dec 15;141(4):3872-80. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.06.080. Epub 2013 Jun 28.
In recent time the interest of industry increases particularly in processing and use of potato high amylopectin (AMP) starches. Therefore the plant breeders effort to obtain "waxy" potato cultivars with low amylose (AMS) content. In this four-year study sixteen potato cultivars grown on five experim
PMID 23993560

Metabolic profile and biological activities of Lavandula pedunculata subsp. lusitanica (Chaytor) Franco: studies on the essential oil and polar extracts.

Costa P, Gonçalves S, Valentão P, Andrade PB, Almeida C, Nogueira JM, Romano A.SourceIBB-CGB, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
Food chemistry.Food Chem.2013 Dec 1;141(3):2501-6. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.05.055. Epub 2013 May 25.
We investigated the metabolic profile and biological activities of the essential oil and polar extracts of Lavandula pedunculata subsp. lusitanica (Chaytor) Franco collected in south Portugal. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed that oxygen-containing monoterpenes was the
PMID 23870987

Photophysics of indole-2-carboxylic acid (I2C) and indole-5-carboxylic acid (I5C): Heavy atom effect.

Kowalska-Baron A, Gałęcki K, Wysocki S.SourceInstitute of General Food Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Technical University of Lodz, ul. Stefanowskiego 4/10, 90-924 Lodz, Poland. Electronic address: agnieszka.kowalska-baron@p.lodz.pl.
Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy.Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc.2013 Dec;116:183-95. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.07.011. Epub 2013 Jul 18.
In this study the effect of carboxylic group substitution in the 2 and 5 position of indole ring on the photophysics of the parent indole chromophore has been studied. The photophysical parameters crucial in triplet state decay mechanism of aqueous indole-2-carboxylic acid (I2C) and indole-5-carboxy
PMID 23933843

Japanese Journal

A Useful and Convenient Synthetic Protocol for Iodination of Organic Substrates Using a Combination of Vanadyl Acetylacetonate, Hydrogen Peroxide, and Sodium Iodide

Khan Abu T.,Ali Shahzad
Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan 85(11), 1239-1243, 2012-11
NAID 40019480884

洗浄剤中のヒ素試験法および鉛試験法

六鹿元雄,山口未来,平原嘉親,河村葉子
日本食品化学学会誌 19(2), 88-93, 2012-08-24
… The test solution and arsenic standard solution were added HCl and potassium iodide solution each 1mL, and measured by AAS or ICP equipped with hydride generator. …
NAID 110009489093

Arsenite Oxidation by Ultrasound Combined with Ultraviolet in Aqueous Solution

Lee Seban,Cui Mingcan,Na Seungmin,Khim Jeehyeong
Jpn J Appl Phys 51(7), 07GD15-07GD15-4, 2012-07-25
… This was similar to the synergistic effect value of the production of hydroxyl radicals with potassium iodide (KI) solution using the same combined process. …
NAID 150000104376

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「I」「ヨウ化」「iodo」「I2」「ヨウ化物」
拡張検索	「ecothiopate iodide」「dimethylphenylpiperazinium iodide」「iodide peroxidase」「sodium iodide」

「I」

Iodide
	Systematic name Iodide
Identifiers
CAS number	20461-54-5
PubChem	30165
ChemSpider	28015
KEGG	C00708
ChEBI	CHEBI:16382
ChEMBL	CHEMBL185537
Beilstein Reference	3587184
Gmelin Reference	14912
Jmol-3D images	Image 1
	SMILES [I-] ;
	InChI InChI=1S/HI/h1H/p-1 ; Key: XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M ;
Properties
Molecular formula	I−;
Molar mass	126.90447 g mol-1
Related compounds
Other anions	Bromide; Chloride; Fluoride
	Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C (77 °F), 100 kPa)
	Infobox references

　　[★]

「ヨウ化」

　　[★]

英: iodide、iodo
関: ヨード、ヨウ化物、ヨウ素

「iodo」

　　[★]

ヨード、ヨウ化

関: iodide、iodine

「I2」

　　[★] ヨウ素

関: I、iodide、iodine

「ヨウ化物」

　　[★]

英: iodide
関: ヨウ化、ヨウ素

「ecothiopate iodide」

　　[★]

ヨウ化エコチオパート

関: echothiopate、echothiophate、echothiophate iodide、ecothiopate

「dimethylphenylpiperazinium iodide」

　　[★]

ヨウ化ジメチルフェニルピペラジニウム

関: dimethylphenylpiperazinium、DMPP

「iodide peroxidase」

　　[★]

ヨードペルオキシダーゼ

関: deiodinase

「sodium iodide」

　　[★]

ヨウ化ナトリウム

関: NaI

[1] "Iodide - PubChem Public Chemical Database". The PubChem Project. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information.

[G.26E-2] Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0080379419.

[mcneil-3] McNeil, Donald G. Jr (2006-12-16). "In Raising the World’s I.Q., the Secret’s in the Salt". New York Times. Retrieved 2008-12-04.

[4] Küpper FC; Carpenter LJ; McFiggans GB et al. (2008). "Iodide accumulation provides kelp with an inorganic antioxidant impacting atmospheric chemistry" (Free full text). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105 (19): 6954–8. Bibcode:2008PNAS..105.6954K. doi:10.1073/pnas.0709959105. PMC 2383960. PMID 18458346.

匿名

検索

案内

案内

iodide