WordNet

unconstrained or not chemically bound in a molecule or not fixed and capable of relatively unrestricted motion; "free expansion"; "free oxygen"; "a free electron"
people who are free; "the home of the free and the brave" (同)free people
free from obligations or duties (同)discharge
free or remove obstruction from; "free a path across the cluttered floor" (同)disengage
grant freedom to; free from confinement (同)liberate, release, unloose, unloosen, loose
not literal; "a loose interpretation of what she had been told"; "a free translation of the poem" (同)loose, liberal
make (information) available for publication; "release the list with the names of the prisoners" (同)release
able to act at will; not hampered; not under compulsion or restraint; "free enterprise"; "a free port"; "a free country"; "I have an hour free"; "free will"; "free of racism"; "feel free to stay as long as you wish"; "a free choice"
not held in servitude; "after the Civil War he was a free man"
not occupied or in use; "a free locker"; "a free lane"
a state of surviving; remaining alive (同)endurance
a natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment (同)survival of the fittest, natural_selection, selection
something that survives
a series with a definite pattern of advance (同)patterned advance

PrepTutorEJDIC

(束縛された状態になく)『自由な』,自由の身の / (国家・国民などが)『独立している』 / (思想・行為などが)強制されない,自発的な / (動作が)拘束されない,無理のない / 《補語にのみ用いて》(苦痛・制約などを)『免れている』,(誤り・偏見などの)ない《+『from』(『of』)+『名』》 / 《補語にのみ用いて》《『be free to』do》『自由に』…『できる』 / (仕事から)解放された,暇になった;(部屋などが)使用されていない,空いた / 『無料の』;無税の / 出し惜しみしない / 遠慮のない,慎みがない / (道路などが)障害のない,自由に通れる / 固定していない,離れた / 無料で / 自由に,妨げられずに(freely) / (…から)〈人・国など〉‘を'『自由にする』,解放する《+『名』+『from』+『名』》 / (困難などから)〈人〉‘を'救う《+『名』+『form』+『名』》 / (障害などを)〈人・物〉‘から'取り除く《+『名』+『of』(『from』)+『名』》 / (物を)…‘から'片付ける,外す《+『名』+『of』+『名』》
〈U〉(…が)生き残ること,(…の)生存,残存《+of+名》 / 〈C〉生存者,残存者;残存物,遺物
〈U〉前進,進行;進歩,進展 / 〈U〉(でき事などの)連続,連鎖 / 〈C〉数列

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/10/18 19:56:46」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

Progression-free survival (PFS) is the length of time during and after medication or treatment during which the disease being treated (usually cancer) does not get worse. It is sometimes used as a metric to study the health of a person with a disease to try to determine how well a new treatment is working.^[1]

It is often used as a clinical endpoint in randomized controlled trials for cancer therapies.^[2]

It is a metric frequently used by the UK National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence^[3] and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to evaluate the effectiveness of a cancer treatment. PFS has been postulated to be a better ("more pure") measure of efficacy in second-line clinical trials as it eliminates potential differential bias from prior or subsequent treatments.^{[citation needed]}

However, PFS improvements do not always result in corresponding improvements in overall survival, and the control of the disease may come at the biological expense of side effects from the treatment itself.^[4] This has been described as an example of the McNamara fallacy.

Time to progression[edit]

Time to progression (TTP) may not count patients who die from other causes but is often used as equivalent to PFS.^[5] The FDA gives separate definitions and prefers PFS.^[6]

References[edit]

^ "Progression Free Survival (PFS)" at About.com
^ Progression-free survival (PFS) and time to progression (TTP) as surrogate endpoints for median overall survival (mOS) in metastatic colorectal cancer (MCRC): Analysis from 34 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of first-line chemotherapy.
^ BMJ 31-Jan-2009 "NICE and the challenge of cancer drugs" p271
^ Booth, Christopher M.; Eisenhauer, Elizabeth A. (2012). "Progression-Free Survival: Meaningful or Simply Measurable?". Journal of Clinical Oncology 30 (10): 1030–1033. doi:10.1200/JCO.2011.38.7571.
^ Progression-free survival and time to progression as primary end points in advanced breast cancer: often used, sometimes loosely defined.
^ "Guidance for Industry Clinical Trial Endpoints for the Approval of Cancer Drugs and Biologics".

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UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 生物統計学および疫学に関する一般用語集 glossary of common biostatistical and epidemiological terms
2. ER／PR陰性、HER2陰性（トリプルネガティブ）乳癌の疫学、危険因子および臨床的アプローチ epidemiology risk factors and the clinical approach to er pr negative her2 negative triple negative breast cancer
3. 最新の診療アップデート practice changing updates
4. Diagnosis of celiac disease in children
5. 周産期心筋症：治療および予後 peripartum cardiomyopathy treatment and prognosis

English Journal

Comparison of adverse events and efficacy between gefitinib and erlotinib in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer: a retrospective analysis.

Yoshida T, Yamada K, Azuma K, Kawahara A, Abe H, Hattori S, Yamashita F, Zaizen Y, Kage M, Hoshino T.SourceDivision of Respirology, Neurology, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume City, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan.
Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England).Med Oncol.2013 Mar;30(1):349. doi: 10.1007/s12032-012-0349-y. Epub 2012 Dec 22.
Previous studies have demonstrated that both gefitinib and erlotinib are markedly effective for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with somatic activating mutations of the epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR-mt). These agents are considered to act on EGFR through the same me
PMID 23263831

A phase II study of biweekly paclitaxel and cisplatin chemotherapy for recurrent or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: ERCC1 expression predicts response to chemotherapy.

Huang J, Zhou Y, Zhang H, Qu T, Mao Y, Zhu H, Quan L, Xing P, Wang J, He J, Xu N, Sun Y.SourceDepartment of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, 100021, China, huangjingwg@163.com.
Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England).Med Oncol.2013 Mar;30(1):343. doi: 10.1007/s12032-012-0343-4. Epub 2012 Dec 21.
Recurrent or metastatic esophageal cancer has poor prognosis. This study was to assess the efficacy and safety of biweekly paclitaxel and cisplatin combination for patients with recurrent or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) expr
PMID 23263828

Expression of CXCR4 is an independent prognostic factor for overall survival and progression-free survival in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome.

Zhang Y, Guo Q, Zhao H, Zhao D, Wu X, Zhao W, Wang Y, Xia B, Da W.SourceDepartment of Hematology, Tianjin Cancer Hospital and Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China, yizhuozhang111@163.com.
Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England).Med Oncol.2013 Mar;30(1):341. doi: 10.1007/s12032-012-0341-6. Epub 2012 Dec 22.
CXCR4 is the receptor of stromal cell-derived factor (SDF-1) and is expressed in many types of cancer cells. It also plays an important role in metastasis of malignant disease. In this study, we detected the expression of CXCR4 in 81 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) by flow cytometry. We
PMID 23263827

Japanese Journal

分子標的治療の副作用対策 : Everolimus (第61回日本泌尿器科学会中部総会シンポジウム2「分子標的薬治療の副作用対策」)

三神一哉,本郷文弥,三木恒治
泌尿器科紀要 = Acta urologica Japonica 58(11), 647-650, 2012-11
… Treatment with everolimus is known to prolong progression-free survival in patients with renal cell carcinoma resistant against tyrosine-kinase inhibitor therapy. …
NAID 40019497593

分子標的治療の副作用対策Sorafenibの副作用とその対策 (第61回日本泌尿器科学会中部総会シンポジウム2「分子標的薬治療の副作用対策」)

中山雅志,新井康之,西村和郎
泌尿器科紀要 = Acta urologica Japonica 58(11), 635-637, 2012-11
… Administration of more than 400 mg/day of sorafenib for 1 month prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) in Japanese patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). …
NAID 40019497562

多発性骨髄腫に対するサリドマイドによる維持療法はOSに影響を及ぼすか

渡部玲子
血液内科 65(3), 448-454, 2012-09
NAID 40019458316

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「無進行生存」「disease-free survival」「event-free survival」「無増悪生存期間」
関連記事	「free」「progression」「survival」