WordNet

the power to withstand hardship or stress; "the marathon tests a runners endurance"
not capable of being reversed or returned to the original condition; "permanent brain damage"
continuing or enduring without marked change in status or condition or place; "permanent secretary to the president"; "permanent address"; "literature of permanent value" (同)lasting
capable of withstanding wear and tear and decay; "durable denim jeans" (同)long-wearing
very long lasting; "less durable rocks were gradually worn away to form valleys"; "the perdurable granite of the ancient Appalachian spine of the continent" (同)indestructible, perdurable, undestroyable
existing for a long time; "hopes for a durable peace"; "a long-lasting friendship" (同)lasting, long-lasting, long-lived
patiently bearing continual wrongs or trouble; "an enduring disposition"; "a long-suffering and uncomplaining wife" (同)long-suffering
the property of being able to exist for an indefinite duration (同)permanency
riding for long hours over long distances

PrepTutorEJDIC

『忍耐』,がまん / 耐久力,持久力,持続
『永久の』不変の / 常設の,常置の / =permanent wave
耐久力のある,もちのよい / 永く続く
がまん強い(patient) / 不朽の,永続する
(…の)永久不変牲,永続牲《+『of』+『名』》
永続性,耐久性
持久力(耐久力)テスト

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/23 21:47:06」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

Endurance (also related to sufferance, resilience, constitution, fortitude, and hardiness) is the ability of an organism to exert itself and remain active for a long period of time, as well as its ability to resist, withstand, recover from, and have immunity to trauma, wounds, or fatigue. It is usually used in aerobic or anaerobic exercise. The definition of 'long' varies according to the type of exertion – minutes for high intensity anaerobic exercise, hours or days for low intensity aerobic exercise. Training for endurance can have a negative impact on the ability to exert strength^[1] unless an individual also undertakes resistance training to counteract this effect.

Many personnel consider endurance to be an indicator of progress, when strength and cardio training. A person is able to accomplish or withstand a higher amount of effort than their original capabilities means their endurance is increasing expressing improvement. In looking to improve ones endurance they may slowly increase the amount of repetitions or time spent, if higher repetitions are taken rapidly muscle strength improves while less endurance is gained.^[2] Increasing endurance has been proven to release endorphins resulting in a positive mind. The act of gaining endurance through physical activity has been shown to decrease anxiety, depression, and stress, or any chronic disease in total.^[3] Although a greater endurance can assist the cardiovascular system it does not imply that any cardiovascular disease can be guaranteed to improve.^[4] "The major metabolic consequences of the adaptations of muscle to endurance exercise are a slower utilization of muscle glycogen and blood glucose, a greater reliance on fat oxidation, and less lactate production during exercise of a given intensity."^[5]

The term stamina is sometimes used synonymously and interchangeably with endurance.

Endurance may also refer to an ability to keep going through a tough situation involving hardship, stress, etc. (see patience)

References

^ Hickson, RC (1980). "Interference of strength development by simultaneously training for strength and endurance over a long period". European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology (Springer Verlag) 45 (2-3): 255–63. doi:10.1007/BF00421333. PMID 7193134. |accessdate= requires |url= (help)
^ http://physicalactivityline.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=74:muscular-strength-and-endurance&Itemid=69
^ http://livroseducacaofisica.br.tripod.com/Exercise%20Duration%20and%20Mood%20State.pdf
^ http://www.jappl.org/content/95/4/1575.short
^ http://jap.physiology.org/content/56/4/831.short

External links

"Tips on increasing stamina", Active .

UpToDate Contents

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1. 成人における肺機能検査の概要 overview of pulmonary function testing in adults
2. 下肢ランニング障害の概要 overview of running injuries of the lower extremity
3. 運動関連低ナトリウム血症 exercise associated hyponatremia
4. 慢性閉塞性肺疾患（COPD）における呼吸筋のトレーニングおよび安静 respiratory muscle training and resting in copd
5. Musculoskeletal injury in children and skeletally immature adolescents: Overview of rehabilitation for nonoperative injuries

English Journal

The effects of obesity, age, and relative workload levels on handgrip endurance.

Mehta RK1, Cavuoto LA2.
Applied ergonomics.Appl Ergon.2015 Jan;46 Pt A:91-5. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2014.07.007. Epub 2014 Jul 31.
The purpose of the study was to examine obesity and age effects on handgrip endurance across a range of relative workload levels. Forty-five non-obese and obese younger and older females performed fatiguing handgrip exercises at 20, 40, 60, and 80% of relative handgrip strength. The younger obese gr
PMID 25088026

Unilateral isometric muscle fatigue decreases force production and activation of contralateral knee extensors but not elbow flexors.

Halperin I1, Copithorne D, Behm DG.
Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquée, nutrition et métabolisme.Appl Physiol Nutr Metab.2014 Dec;39(12):1338-44. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2014-0109. Epub 2014 Jul 29.
Nonlocal muscle fatigue occurs when fatiguing 1 muscle alters performance of another rested muscle. The purpose of the study was to investigate if fatiguing 2 separate muscles would affect the same rested muscle, and if fatiguing the same muscle would affect 2 separate muscles. Twenty-one trained ma
PMID 25291403

Biceps femoris and semitendinosus-teammates or competitors? New insights into hamstring injury mechanisms in male football players: a muscle functional MRI study.

Schuermans J1, Van Tiggelen D1, Danneels L1, Witvrouw E2.
British journal of sports medicine.Br J Sports Med.2014 Dec;48(22):1599-606. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2014-094017.
BACKGROUND: The hamstring injury mechanism was assessed by investigating the exercise-related metabolic activity characteristics of the hamstring muscles using a muscle functional MRI (mfMRI) protocol.METHODS: 27 healthy male football players and 27 football players with a history of hamstring injur
PMID 25388959

Spatial cognitive rehabilitation and motor recovery after stroke.

Barrett AM1, Muzaffar T.
Current opinion in neurology.Curr Opin Neurol.2014 Dec;27(6):653-8. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000148.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Stroke rehabilitation needs to take major steps forward to reduce functional disability for survivors. In this article, we suggest that spatial retraining might greatly increase the efficiency and efficacy of motor rehabilitation, directly addressing the burden and cost of paralys
PMID 25364954