急性上行性脊髄麻痺、筋無力性球麻痺

WordNet

a modified bud consisting of a thickened globular underground stem serving as a reproductive structure
anything with a round shape resembling a teardrop
a rounded part of a cylindrical instrument (usually at one end); "the bulb of a syringe"
a rounded dilation or expansion in a canal or vessel or organ
involving the medulla oblongata; "bulbar paralysis"
loss of the ability to move a body part (同)palsy

PrepTutorEJDIC

『球根』(ユり・タマネギなどの地下茎),りん(鱗)茎,球茎 / 球根状のもの;電球,真空管
(体の)麻痺(まひ),中風 / (…の)停滞《+『of』+『名』》

UpToDate Contents

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1. 高カリウム性周期性四肢麻痺 hyperkalemic periodic paralysis
2. 甲状腺中毒性周期性四肢麻痺 thyrotoxic periodic paralysis
3. 低カリウム性周期性四肢麻痺 hypokalemic periodic paralysis
4. 両側性横隔膜麻痺の原因および診断 causes and diagnosis of bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis
5. ダニ麻痺症 tick paralysis

English Journal

[Emergencies in neuromuscular pathology].

Ayuso T, Jericó I.Author information Servicio de Neurología, Hosptal de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain. tayuso@yahoo.esAbstractAcute muscle weakness (AMW) is the predominant symptom of neuromuscular emergencies, especially if it affects the respiratory or oropharyngeal musculature . AMW is a multi-etiological syndrome, with different lesion levels in the motor unit. Within the broad group of neuromuscular diseases, those that most frequently provoke AMW and respiratory failure are Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and myasthenia gravis (MG). GBS is the most frequent cause of acute flaccid paralysis; it can cause respiratory failure in a third of cases, making mechanical ventilation necessary. Accurate diagnosis of this syndrome enables immunomodulatory treatment to be started, which has been shown to modify the course of the disease. Besides, clinical evaluation of the patients and knowledge of the simple tests of neurophysiology and respiratory function will guide the decision on mechanical ventilation, avoiding emergency intubation. The most frequent emergency caused by MG is myasthenic crisis, defined by the deterioration in the bulbar function with acute respiratory insufficiency and risk of respiratory stoppage. This occurs in 15-20% of myasthenic patients and can be triggered by numerous factors. Besides early identification of the crisis, it is important to suppress the triggering factors and to provide measure of ventilatory support. Amongst the pharmacological measures, the most useful instruments at present are plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulins; these treatments do not cancel the need for intensive vigilance and of checking for imminent signs of respiratory failure that will involve invasive or non-invasive ventilatory support.
Anales del sistema sanitario de Navarra.An Sist Sanit Navar.2008;31 Suppl 1:115-26.
Acute muscle weakness (AMW) is the predominant symptom of neuromuscular emergencies, especially if it affects the respiratory or oropharyngeal musculature . AMW is a multi-etiological syndrome, with different lesion levels in the motor unit. Within the broad group of neuromuscular diseases, those th
PMID 18528448

An atypical course of myasthenia gravis.

Labana SS, Qureshi S, Nandakumar T, Cervellione KL, Venkatraman GK, Thakore H, Gintautas J.Author information Jamaica Hospital Medical Center, Department of Clinical Research, 8900 Van Wyck Expressway, Suite 7M, Jamaica, NY, USA.AbstractMyasthenia gravis (MG) is a chronic neuromuscular disease which leads to varying degrees of weakness in the skeletal muscles. Some of the symptoms of the disorder include weakness of the eye muscles, difficulty in swallowing and slurred speech. When only the muscles of the eyes are affected, the illness is termed ocular myasthenia, which is often characterized by abrupt onset of diplopia and ptosis of the eyelid. In most patients with ocular-onset MG, there is a progression to involvement of other muscle groups within the first two years (generalized myasthenia). In the case reported here, a 39-year-old male of Ecuadorian descent complained of difficulty seeing, double vision, dizziness, unsteady gait, difficulty maintaining balance and fatigue for the previous two days. Neurological examination was remarkable for total external ophthalmoplegia. There was no external bulbar muscle paralysis, motor weakness, muscle wasting, sensory deficits or sphincter dysfunction. His laboratory workup was significant for elevated acetylcholine receptor antibody. He was diagnosed with ocular MG after differential diagnoses were ruled out based on the onset and presentation of symptoms, the patient's age and a normal magnetic resonance imaging exam. No signs of generalized myasthenia were detected. His symptoms improved dramatically after treatment with Acetyl cholinesterase (AchE) inhibitors and steroids, regaining much of his ocular mobility and ability to walk without gait imbalance. At follow-up visits, the patient remained healthy with no evidence development of other myasthenic signs. This case is atypical since ocular MG does not normally occur in the absence of other myasthenic forms.
Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society.Proc West Pharmacol Soc.2007;50:140-2.
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a chronic neuromuscular disease which leads to varying degrees of weakness in the skeletal muscles. Some of the symptoms of the disorder include weakness of the eye muscles, difficulty in swallowing and slurred speech. When only the muscles of the eyes are affected, the ill
PMID 18605252

Neurologists and the threat of bioterrorism.

Donaghy M.Author information University Department of Clinical Neurology, Radcliffe Infirmary, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6HE, UK. joanna.wilkinson@clneuro.ox.ac.ukAbstractNeurologists are most likely to become involved in primarily diagnosing those bioterrorist attacks utilising botulinum toxin. Oral ingestion, or possibly inhalation, are likely routes of delivery. The characteristic descending paralysis starts in the extraocular and bulbar muscles, with associated autonomic features. Repetitive nerve stimulation usually shows an incremental muscle response. Treatment is supportive. The differential diagnosis is from naturally occurring paralysing illnesses such as Guillain-Barré syndrome, myasthenic crisis or diphtheria, from paralysing seafood neurotoxins (tetrodotoxin, saxitoxin), snake envenomation, and from chemical warfare poisoning by organophosphates. Primary neurological infections are less feasible for use as bioweapons. There are theoretical possibilities of Venezuelan equine encephalitis transmission by inhalation and secondary zoonotic transmission cycles sustained by horses and mosquitoes. Severe haemorrhagic meningitis regularly occurs in anthrax, usually in the aftermath of severe systemic disease likely to have been transmitted by spore inhalation. Panic and psychologically determined 'me-too' symptomatology are likely to pose the biggest diagnostic and management burden on neurologists handling bioterrorist attack on an institution or a random civilian population. Indeed civilian panic and disablement of institutional operations are likely to be prominent intentions of any bioterrorist attack.
Journal of the neurological sciences.J Neurol Sci.2006 Nov 1;249(1):55-62. Epub 2006 Jul 17.
Neurologists are most likely to become involved in primarily diagnosing those bioterrorist attacks utilising botulinum toxin. Oral ingestion, or possibly inhalation, are likely routes of delivery. The characteristic descending paralysis starts in the extraocular and bulbar muscles, with associated a
PMID 16844143