WordNet

any bundle of nerve fibers running to various organs and tissues of the body (同)nervus
pertaining to or resembling or lying near the tongue; "lingual inflammation"; "the lingual surface of the teeth"
a consonant that is produced with the tongue and other speech organs
control of your emotions; "this kind of tension is not good for my nerves"

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈C〉『神経』 / 〈C〉《複数形で》『神経過敏』,いらだち / 〈U〉『勇気』,度胸(courage) / 〈U〉《時にa ~》厚かましさ,ずぶとさ;無礼 / 〈C〉葉脈;(昆虫の)翅脈(しみゃく) / 〈人,特に自分〉‘に'力を与える,‘を'元気づける
舌の / 舌音の / 言語の
舌,舌状の器官 / 言語

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/08/22 04:48:57」(JST)

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The lingual nerve is a branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (CN V₃), which supplies sensory innervation to the tongue. It also carries fibers from the facial nerve, which return taste information from the anterior two thirds of the tongue, via the chorda tympani.

Structure

The lingual nerve lies at first beneath the lateral pterygoid muscle, medial to and in front of the inferior alveolar nerve, and is occasionally joined to this nerve by a branch which may cross the internal maxillary artery.

The chorda tympani (a branch of the facial nerve, CN VII) joins it at an acute angle here, carrying taste fibers from the anterior two thirds of the tongue and parasympathetic fibers to the submandibular ganglion.

The nerve then passes between the medial pterygoid muscle and the ramus of the mandible, and crosses obliquely to the side of the tongue over the constrictor pharyngis superior and styloglossus, and then between the hyoglossus and deep part of the submandibular gland; it finally runs from laterally to medially inferiorly crossing the duct of the submandibular gland, and along the tongue to its tip becoming the sublingual nerve, lying immediately beneath the mucous membrane.

A well known rhyme has been used by anatomy students for many years to remember some features of the lingual nerve anatomy mentioned above: "The Lingual Nerve, Describes a Curve, Across the Hyoglossus...

Function

The lingual nerve supplies general somatic afferent innervation from the mucous membrane of the anterior two-thirds of the tongue, while the posterior one-third is innervated by the glossopharyngeal. It also carries nerve fibers that are not part of the trigeminal nerve, including the chorda tympani nerve of the facial nerve, which provides special sensation (taste) to the anterior 2/3 part of the tongue as well as parasympathetic and sympathetic fibers.

The submandibular ganglion is suspended by two nerve filaments from the lingual nerve.

Clinical significance

Lingual nerve injuries

The most common cause of lingual nerve injuries is third molar (wisdom tooth) surgery, less commonly the lingual nerve can be injured by local anaesthetic dental injections (particularly inferior dental block injections)and sublingual or submandibular surgery.^[1]

Any injury to sensory nerves can result in pain, altered sensation and or numbness, but usually a combination of all 3 symptoms arises. This can have a significant negative effect on the patients quality of life affecting their daily function and psychological health of sufferers.^[2]

Patients should be routinely warned about lingual nerve injuries prior to wisdom tooth and floor of mouth surgery. The risk associated with wisdom tooth surgery is commonly accepted to be 2% temporary and 0.2% permanent.^[3]

Warning of patients of nerve injury prior to administration of deep dental injections has a risk of injury in approximately 1:14,000 with 25% of these remaining persistent.^{[citation needed]} Routine preoperative warnings about these injuries is routinely undertaken in the US and Germany. This reflects good practice recommended by the Royal College of Anaesthetists (prior warning of potential nerve injury in relation to spinal and epidural blocks 1 on 24-57,000 risk)^[4] and NHS patient.uk.com.^[5]

Infiltration dentistry is a technique that may reduce the possibility of lingual nerve injuries by avoiding deep injections.^[6]

Avoiding lingual access when undertaking wisdom tooth surgery will also avoid unnecessary lingual nerve injury^[7]^[8]^[9]

Additional images

Mandible of human embryo 24 mm. long. Outer aspect.
Mandibular division of the trifacial nerve.
Mandibular division of trifacial nerve, seen from the middle line.
Plan of the facial and intermediate nerves and their communication with other nerves.
Hypoglossal nerve, cervical plexus, and their branches.
Sympathetic connections of the submaxillary and superior cervical ganglia.
Lingual nerve
Lingual nerve
Mandibular nerve and bone. Deep dissection. Anterior view.
Infratemporal fossa. Lingual and inferior alveolar nerve. Deep dissection. Anterolateral view

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

^ Br Dent J. 2013 Oct;215(8):393-9. doi: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2013.993.
^ http://www.quintpub.com/userhome/jop/jop_25_4_Renton_7.pdf
^ http://www.rcseng.ac.uk/patients/recovering-from-surgery/wisdom-teeth-extraction
^ http://www.rcoa.ac.uk/system/files/PI-Risk12_1.pdf
^ "Anaesthesia (UK) - Local and General anaesthesia information - Patient". Patient.
^ J Am Dent Assoc. 2011 Sep;142 Suppl 3:19S-24S. The use of the mandibular infiltration anesthetic technique in adults. Meechan JG.
^ J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1995 Oct;53(10):1178-81. The relationship of the lingual nerve to the mandibular third molar region: an anatomic study. Pogrel MA1, Renaut A, Schmidt B, Ammar A.
^ Br Dent J. 1996 Jun 22;180(12):456-61. Lingual nerve damage during lower third molar removal: a comparison of two surgical methods. Robinson PP1, Smith KG
^ Eur J Dent Educ. 1999 May;3(2):52-5.The effect of surgical technique on lingual nerve damage during lower 3rd molar removal by dental students.Robinson PP, Loescher AR, Smith KG.

External links

Anatomy figure: 27:03-05 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center
MedEd at Loyola GrossAnatomy/h_n/cn/cn1/cnb3.htm
lesson4 at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (mandibularnerve)
cranialnerves at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (V)
Anatomy diagram: 05287.011-1 at Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator, Elsevier

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 味覚および嗅覚障害の解剖学および病因 anatomy and etiology of taste and smell disorders
2. ベル麻痺：成人における病因、臨床的特徴、および診断 bells palsy pathogenesis clinical features and diagnosis in adults
3. 甲状腺の外科解剖学 surgical anatomy of the thyroid gland
4. 下肢末梢神経症候群の概要 overview of lower extremity peripheral nerve syndromes
5. 末梢神経ブロック：手技 peripheral nerve block techniques

English Journal

Histological and morphological observations on tongue of Scincella tsinlingensis (Reptilia, Squamata, Scincidae).

Yang C1, Wang L2.
Micron (Oxford, England : 1993).Micron.2016 Jan;80:24-33. doi: 10.1016/j.micron.2015.09.009. Epub 2015 Sep 16.
The histology and morphology characteristics of the tongue in Scincella tsinlingensis were studied by light and electronic microscopy. Under light microscopy, the tongue consists of tip, lingual body and radix in sequence. Numerous lingual papillae widely distribute on the surface of the dorsal and
PMID 26421715

Influences of age, tongue region, and chorda tympani nerve sectioning on signal detection measures of lingual taste sensitivity.

Doty RL1, Heidt JM2, MacGillivray MR3, Dsouza M3, Tracey EH3, Mirza N3, Bigelow D3.
Physiology & behavior.Physiol Behav.2015 Dec 15. pii: S0031-9384(15)30211-0. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.12.014. [Epub ahead of print]
Although the ability to taste is critical for ingestion, nutrition, and quality of life, a clear understanding of the influences of age, sex, and chorda tympani (CT) resection on taste function in different regions of the anterior tongue is generally lacking. In this study we employed criterion-free
PMID 26703236

Incidence of Visualization of the Glossopharyngeal Nerve after Pediatric Tonsillectomy.

Hill CA1, Thimmappa V2, Smith MC3, Chen EY3.
Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg.2015 Dec 8. pii: 0194599815620782. [Epub ahead of print]
The objective was to determine the incidence of exposure of the lingual branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve during tonsillectomy with a retrospective review of surgical findings in 138 children who underwent total tonsillectomy at a tertiary medical center. Age, sex, surgical indication, tonsil siz
PMID 26645534

Japanese Journal

臨床体験レポート口腔顔面領域の知覚異常に対する口腔内刺鍼の経験

全日本鍼灸学会雑誌 = Journal of the Japan Society of Acupuncture and Moxibustion 66(1), 37-42, 2016-02
NAID 40020746422

第120回研究例会・招待講演会下歯槽神経･舌神経障害の診断と治療

Osaka Academy of Oral Implantology 30, 27-35, 2016
NAID 40020872668

舌神経由来と考えられた顎下部神経鞘腫の1例

日本口腔外科学会雑誌 62(3), 124-128, 2016
NAID 130005153064

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「舌神経」
関連記事	「nerve」「lingual」

「舌神経」

Lingual nerve
	Distribution of the maxillary and mandibular nerves, and the submaxillary ganglion.
	The mouth cavity. The apex of the tongue is turned upward, and on the right side a superficial dissection of its under surface has been made.
Details
From	mandibular nerve
Innervates	tongue
Identifiers
Latin	nervus lingualis
MeSH	A08.800.800.120.760.500.450
Dorlands; /Elsevier	n_05/12566098
TA	A14.2.01.081
FMA	53218
	Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy [edit on Wikidata]