WordNet

be worthy of or have a certain rating; "This bond rates highly"
amount of a charge or payment relative to some basis; "a 10-minute phone call at that rate would cost $5" (同)charge per unit
a magnitude or frequency relative to a time unit; "they traveled at a rate of 55 miles per hour"; "the rate of change was faster than expected"
a quantity or amount or measure considered as a proportion of another quantity or amount or measure; "the literacy rate"; "the retention rate"; "the dropout rate"
assign a rank or rating to; "how would you rank these students?"; "The restaurant is rated highly in the food guide" (同)rank, range, order, grade, place
estimate the value of; "How would you rate his chances to become President?"; "Gold was rated highly among the Romans" (同)value
give (hair) the appearance of being fuller by using a rat
a pad (usually made of hair) worn as part of a womans coiffure
any of various long-tailed rodents similar to but larger than a mouse
catch rats, especially with dogs
desert ones party or group of friends, for example, for ones personal advantage
employ scabs or strike breakers in
the quality or state of being mortal
standing or position on a scale
the earliest state of immaturity (同)babyhood
the early stage of growth or development (同)babyhood, early_childhood

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈C〉『割合』,『率』 / 〈C〉《the~,a~》『速度』(speed),進度 / 〈C〉『値段』,『相場』;料金 / 〈U〉等級(class),(…)等 / 《複数形ぃ》《英》地方税 / (…の金額に)…‘の'『値段を決める』,見積もる《+『名』+『at』+『名』》 / …‘を'『評価する』,みなす / 《米話》…‘に'値する,‘の'価値がある / 『評価される』;みなされる
…‘を'どなりつける
『ネズミ』 / ひきょう者,裏切り者 / ネズミをつかまえる / 《話》(人を)裏切る,密告する《+『on』+『名』〈人〉》
〈U〉死を免れぬこと,死ぬべき運命 / 〈U〉《時にa~》死亡数;死亡率 / 〈U〉《時にa~》(戦争などによる)多数の死
〈C〉〈U〉（品質・技量などによる）格づけ,評価 / 〈C〉（個人・会社の経済的な）信用度 / 〈C〉(トン・馬力による)(船舶・車)の等級 / 〈C〉(テレビ・ラジオの)視聴率
(人の)『幼年時代』,乳幼時

UpToDate Contents

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1. 周産期死亡率 perinatal mortality
2. 早産児の発生率および死亡率 incidence and mortality of the premature infant
3. 慢性腎臓病の小児に対する血液透析 hemodialysis for children with chronic kidney disease
4. 小児における外傷の分類 classification of trauma in children
5. 多胎妊娠の新生児の転帰、合併症、およびマネージメント neonatal outcome complications and management of multiple births

English Journal

Identification of BMP2 as an epigenetically silenced growth inhibitor in rhabdomyosarcoma.

Wolf S, Hagl B, Kappler R.Author information Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-80337 Munich, Germany.AbstractRhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft-tissue sarcoma of infancy and although therapy has improved over the years, mortality is still fairly high. The establishment of new treatments has been hampered by the limited knowledge of the molecular mechanisms driving development of RMS. One characteristic of cancer cells is aberrant DNA methylation, which could lead to silencing of tumor suppressor genes. However, only a few epigenetically silenced genes have been described in RMS so far. We performed an expression profiling analysis of three RMS cell lines that were treated with the demethylating agent 5'-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza‑dC) facilitating re-expression of epigenetically silenced genes. This treatment induced the gene BMP2 (bone morphogenetic protein 2) throughout all cell lines. Detailed methylation analysis of CpG sites in the BMP2 promoter region by bisulfite sequencing and methylation-specific PCR revealed that a high degree of DNA methylation is causatively associated with the suppression of BMP2 in RMS cells. Consequently, treatment of the RMS cell lines with 5-Aza-dC resulted in DNA demethylation of the BMP2 promoter, most prominently in alveolar RMS. Supplementation of recombinant human BMP2 (rhBMP2) led to a reduced viability of RMS cells. Altogether, these findings suggest that suppression of BMP2 by epigenetic silencing may play a critical role in the genesis of RMS, thereby providing a rationale for the development of a new treatment strategy for RMS.
International journal of oncology.Int J Oncol.2014 May;44(5):1727-35. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2312. Epub 2014 Feb 27.
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft-tissue sarcoma of infancy and although therapy has improved over the years, mortality is still fairly high. The establishment of new treatments has been hampered by the limited knowledge of the molecular mechanisms driving development of RMS. One charac
PMID 24585058

Trauma hemostasis and oxygenation research position paper on remote damage control resuscitation: definitions, current practice, and knowledge gaps.

Jenkins DH1, Rappold JF, Badloe JF, Berséus O, Blackbourne CL, Brohi KH, Butler FK, Cap LA, Cohen MJ, Davenport R, Depasquale M, Doughty H, Glassberg E, Hervig T, Hooper TJ, Kozar R, Maegele M, Moore EE, Murdock A, Ness PM, Pati S, Rasmussen CT, Sailliol A, Schreiber MA, Sunde GA, van de Watering LM, Ward KR, Weiskopf RB, White NJ, Strandenes G, Spinella PC.Author information 1*Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; †Department of Surgery, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; ‡Transfusion Medicine, Blood Banking (American Society of Clinical Pathology), Netherlands Military Blood Bank; §Department of Transfusion Medicine, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden; ∥Commander, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, San Antonio, Texas; ¶Trauma Sciences, Barts and the London School of Medicine, and Trauma & Vascular Surgery at the Royal London Hospital, London, UK; **Committee on Tactical Combat Casualty Care, Joint Trauma System, Joint Base San Antonio, Texas; ††Coagulation and Blood Research, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, Texas; ‡‡Department of Surgery University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California; §§Centre for Trauma Sciences, Blizard Institute, Bart's & the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK; ∥∥Deployment Medicine International, Gig Harbor, Washington; ¶¶Transfusion Medicine NHS Blood and Transplant, Birmingham, UK; ***The Trauma & Combat Medicine Branch, Surgeon General's HQ, Israel Defense Forces, Ramat Gan; and †††Department of Military Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel; ‡‡‡Blood Bank, Haukeland University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway; §§§UK Defence Medical Services, Anaesthetic Department, Frenchay Hospital, Bristol UK; ∥∥∥Department of Surgery, Memorial Hermann Hospital, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas; ¶¶¶Department for Traumatology, Orthopedic Surgery and Sportsmedicine Cologne-Merheim Medical Center, Cologne, Germany; ****Vice Chairman for Research, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Colorado; ††††Surgeon General for Trauma, Air Force Medical Operations Agency, Lackland AFB, Texas; and Division of Trauma and General Surgery, UniveAbstractThe Trauma Hemostasis and Oxygenation Research Network held its third annual Remote Damage Control Resuscitation Symposium in June 2013 in Bergen, Norway. The Trauma Hemostasis and Oxygenation Research Network is a multidisciplinary group of investigators with a common interest in improving outcomes and safety in patients with severe traumatic injury. The network's mission is to reduce the risk of morbidity and mortality from traumatic hemorrhagic shock, in the prehospital phase of resuscitation through research, education, and training. The concept of remote damage control resuscitation is in its infancy, and there is a significant amount of work that needs to be done to improve outcomes for patients with life-threatening bleeding secondary to injury. The prehospital phase of resuscitation is critical in these patients. If shock and coagulopathy can be rapidly identified and minimized before hospital admission, this will very likely reduce morbidity and mortality. This position statement begins to standardize the terms used, provides an acceptable range of therapeutic options, and identifies the major knowledge gaps in the field.
Shock (Augusta, Ga.).Shock.2014 May;41 Suppl 1:3-12. doi: 10.1097/SHK.0000000000000140.
The Trauma Hemostasis and Oxygenation Research Network held its third annual Remote Damage Control Resuscitation Symposium in June 2013 in Bergen, Norway. The Trauma Hemostasis and Oxygenation Research Network is a multidisciplinary group of investigators with a common interest in improving outcomes
PMID 24430539

Childhood psychosocial development and fatal injuries in Gauteng, South Africa.

Pretorius K1, Van Niekerk A.Author information 1Safety and Peace Promotion Research Unit, Medical Research Council-University of South Africa, Tygerberg, Western Cape, South Africa.AbstractBACKGROUND: In South Africa, injuries are the third leading cause of death and disability. Children are especially susceptible to unintentional injuries, especially pedestrian injuries, burns and drowning. Injury risk is informed by children's exposure to adverse environmental circumstances, and individual capacities dependent on developmental maturity. Boys are at greater risk than girls. This study investigates the incidence of fatal childhood injuries as well as sex differences across psychosocial development stages.
Child: care, health and development.Child Care Health Dev.2014 Apr 15. doi: 10.1111/cch.12140. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND: In South Africa, injuries are the third leading cause of death and disability. Children are especially susceptible to unintentional injuries, especially pedestrian injuries, burns and drowning. Injury risk is informed by children's exposure to adverse environmental circumstances, and ind
PMID 24734788

Japanese Journal

地方2次保健医療圏における人口動態や出産状況を含む周産期/乳幼児期保健医療の現況と地域特性の疫学的研究

高橋篤,栗原修一
保健医療科学 63(6), 538-549, 2014-12
目的:地方2次保健医療圏の人口動態や出産状況を含む周産期/乳幼児期保健医療の現況や地域特性は不明で,群馬県内2次保健医療圏でそれらの疫学的検討を行う.方法:県内O地区(O市:県東南平野部の工業が盛んな地域),T地区(T市:県南中央部で交通の要衝の中核市),SF地区(S市とF市を中心とする中核市に隣接した平野部から山間部に移行する地域),N地区(県東北部のN市を中心とする高齢過疎化の進行している山間 …
NAID 110009884564

Long-Term Prospective Study of 6104 Survivors of Arsenic Poisoning During Infancy Due to Contaminated Milk Powder in 1955

, ,
Journal of epidemiology 20(6), 439-445, 2010-11-01
… We assessed the excess mortality among Japanese who were poisoned during this episode as infants.<BR>Methods: We identified and enrolled 6104 survivors (mean age at enrollment, 27.4 years) who had ingested contaminated milk when they were age 2 years or younger; …
NAID 10029680439

Clinical Spectrum and Prognostic Factors of Pediatric Ventricular Tachycardia

, , , , , ,
Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society 74(9), 1951-1958, 2010-08-25
… The overall mortality rate was 7.4%. … The expected life span without cardiac arrest was <4 years in the CMP-VT group and the 10-year survival rate in CPVT patients was approximately 55%. … Onset at infancy, monomorphic type and transcatheter/surgical ablation were related to the successful resolution of VT. …
NAID 10026971715