WordNet

with pain or distress or bitterness; "he took the rejection very hard"
(of light) transmitted directly from a pointed light source (同)concentrated
with firmness; "held hard to the railing" (同)firmly
very strong or vigorous; "strong winds"; "a hard left to the chin"; "a knockout punch"; "a severe blow" (同)knockout, severe
causing great damage or hardship; "industries hit hard by the depression"; "she was severely affected by the banks failure" (同)severely
being distilled rather than fermented; having a high alcoholic content; "hard liquor" (同)strong
unfortunate or hard to bear; "had hard luck"; "a tough break" (同)tough
(of speech sounds); produced with the back of the tongue raised toward or touching the velum; "Russian distinguished between hard consonants and palatalized or soft consonants"
dispassionate; "took a hard look"; "a hard bargainer";
dried out; "hard dry rolls left over from the day before"
earnestly or intently; "thought hard about it"; "stared hard at the accused"
into a solid condition; "concrete that sets hard within a few hours"
resisting weight or pressure
slowly and with difficulty; "prejudices die hard"
to the full extent possible; all the way; "hard alee"; "the ship went hard astern"; "swung the wheel hard left"
very near or close in space or time; "it stands hard by the railroad tracks"; "they were hard on his heels"; "a strike followed hard upon the plants opening"
with effort or force or vigor; "the team played hard"; "worked hard all day"; "pressed hard on the lever"; "hit the ball hard"; "slammed the door hard"
applying pressure (同)compressing
encoding information while reducing the bandwidth or bits required
the process or result of becoming smaller or pressed together; "the contraction of a gas on cooling" (同)condensation, contraction
the upper surface of the mouth that separates the oral and nasal cavities (同)roof of the mouth

PrepTutorEJDIC

(物体が)『堅い』,(手触りが)堅固な,しっかりした / 『難しい』,努力を要する / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》(人が)『精力的な』,勤勉な / 激しい,猛烈な / (生活などが)耐え難い,つらい / (季節・天候などが)厳しい;(雨・風などが)激しい / (人が)厳格な;(行為などが)容赦しない,無情な / (方針・条件などが)妥協(譲歩)しない,厳しい / (感情が)うらみを含む,憤然とした / (体が)筋肉質の,がんじょうな / (紙幣に対して)硬貨の,(小切手などに対して)現金の;(貨幣が)容易に兌換(だかん)できる / (子音が)硬音の(c,gがcome, goのように[k],[g]と発音される) / アルコール分の多い / (水が)硬質の / (エックス線が)透過能力が大きい / 一生懸命に,『熱心に』 / 『強く』,激しく,大いに / やっと,かろうじて / 『堅く』 / ひどく悲んで / 接近して
圧搾,圧傷;要約
口蓋(こうがい),上あご / (…に対する)味覚;好み《+『for』+『名』》
おや,はああ,ああ(驚き・喜び・疑い・ためらいなどを表す声)
hectare; hectares

UpToDate Contents

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1. 後天性上顎および硬口蓋欠損のマネージメントmanagement of acquired maxillary and hard palate defects [show details]
…constraints, strategically placed teeth, uninvolved bone, and as much of the mucosa covering the hard palate as possible should be retained. Obturator prosthesis, surgery, or a combination of these approaches …
2. 吸引・嚥下障害による新生児の哺乳困難neonatal oral feeding difficulties due to sucking and swallowing disorders [show details]
…to the positive pressure resulting from mouthing, stripping, and/or compression of the nipple between the tongue and the hard palate to eject milk from the nipple and requires synchronization of the lingual …
3. I～II期の（早期）頭頚部癌の治療：口腔癌treatment of stage i and ii early head and neck cancer the oral cavity [show details]
…tongue), lower alveolar ridge, upper alveolar ridge, retromolar trigone (retromolar gingiva), hard palate, and buccal mucosa Rarely, an oral cavity cancer can originate within the mandible (eg, osteosarcoma) …
4. 局所進行性（ステージIIIおよびIV）の頭頸部癌の治療：口腔treatment of locoregionally advanced stage iii and iv head and neck cancer the oral cavity [show details]
…tongue), lower alveolar ridge, upper alveolar ridge, retromolar trigone (retromolar gingiva), hard palate, and buccal mucosa. The tumor, node, metastases (TNM) staging system of the American Joint Committee …
5. 頭頸部癌患者における下顎および口蓋再建mandibular and palatal reconstruction in patients with head and neck cancer [show details]
…the hard palate. Because the defect is bound by the soft palate and remaining hard palate, there is little movement of the boundaries and the obturator is more easily stabilized. As much hard palate tissue …

English Journal

Compression Test of Soft Food Gels Using a Soft Machine with an Artificial Tongue.

Kohyama K, Ishihara S, Nakauma M, Funami T.
Foods (Basel, Switzerland). 2019 May;8(6).
Care food is increasingly required in the advanced-aged society. Mechanical properties of such foods must be modified such that the foods are easily broken by the tongue without chewing. When foods are compressed between the tongue and the hard palate, the tongue deforms considerably, and only soft
PMID 31146449

Skeletal open bite with amelogenesis imperfecta treated with compression osteogenesis: a case report.

Mori H, Izawa T, Mori H, Watanabe K, Kanno T, Tanaka E.
Head & face medicine. 2019 Jan;15(1)3.
We successfully treated a 37-year-old male who had skeletal open bite with severe amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) with orthodontics, compression osteogenesis, and prosthodontics. The patient was diagnosed with severe anterior open bite caused by severe AI. Corticotomy was performed on both buccal and p
PMID 30691484

Evaluation of the stiffness characteristics of rapid palatal expander screws.

Lombardo L, Sacchi E, Larosa M, Mollica F, Mazzanti V, Spedicato GA, Siciliani G.
Progress in orthodontics. 2016 Dec;17(1)36.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the mechanical properties of the screws used for rapid expansion of the upper jaw. Ten types of expansion screw were assessed, seven with four arms: Lancer Philosophy 1, Dentaurum Hyrax Click Medium, Forestadent Anatomic Expander type "S", Forestadent Anatomic Ex
PMID 27747528