WordNet

establish as valid or genuine; "Can you back up your claims?" (同)back_up
strengthen by providing with a back or backing
a support that you can lean against while sitting; "the back of the dental chair was adjustable" (同)backrest
(American football) the position of a player on a football team who is stationed behind the line of scrimmage
the part of a garment that covers the back of your body; "they pinned a `kick me sign on his back"
travel backward; "back into the driveway"; "The car backed up and hit the tree"
the posterior part of a human (or animal) body from the neck to the end of the spine; "his back was nicely tanned" (同)dorsum
the part of something that is furthest from the normal viewer; "he stood at the back of the stage"; "it was hidden in the rear of the store" (同)rear
(football) a person who plays in the backfield
in or to or toward a past time; "set the clocks back an hour"; "never look back"; "lovers of the past looking fondly backward" (同)backward
at or to or toward the back or rear; "he moved back"; "tripped when he stepped backward"; "she looked rearward out the window of the car" (同)backward, backwards, rearward, rearwards
be behind; approve of; "He plumped for the Labor Party"; "I backed Kennedy in 1960" (同)endorse, indorse, plump for, plunk for, support
located at or near the back of an animal; "back (or hind) legs"; "the hinder part of a carcass" (同)hind, hinder
be in back of; "My garage backs their yard"
cause to travel backward; "back the car into the parking spot"
in or to or toward a former location; "she went back to her parents house"
in or to or toward an original condition; "he went back to sleep"
in repayment or retaliation; "we paid back everything we had borrowed"; "he hit me and I hit him back"; "I was kept in after school for talking back to the teacher"
in reply; "he wrote back three days later"
of an earlier date; "back issues of the magazine"
related to or located at the back; "the back yard"; "the back entrance"
shift to a counterclockwise direction; "the wind backed"
support financial backing for; "back this enterprise"
judge unacceptable; "The teacher failed six students"
get worse; "Her health is declining"
disappoint, prove undependable to; abandon, forsake; "His sense of smell failed him this time"; "His strength finally failed him"; "His children failed him in the crisis" (同)betray
fail to get a passing grade; "She studied hard but failed nevertheless"; "Did I fail the test?" (同)flunk, bomb, flush it
stop operating or functioning; "The engine finally went"; "The car died on the road"; "The bus we travelled in broke down on the way to town"; "The coffee maker broke"; "The engine failed on the way to town"; "her eyesight went after the accident" (同)go bad, give_way, die, give out, conk out, go, break, break_down
be unsuccessful; "Where do todays public schools fail?"; "The attempt to rescue the hostages failed miserably" (同)go wrong, miscarry
fail to do something; leave something undone; "She failed to notice that her child was no longer in his crib"; "The secretary failed to call the customer and the company lost the account" (同)neglect
prove insufficient; "The water supply for the town failed after a long drought" (同)run_out, give out
be unable; "I fail to understand your motives"
become bankrupt or insolvent; fail financially and close; "The toy company went bankrupt after the competition hired cheap Mexican labor"; "A number of banks failed that year"
fall short in what is expected; "She failed in her obligations as a good daughter-in-law"; "We must not fail his obligation to the victims of the Holocaust"
a room where a doctor or dentist can be consulted; "he read the warning in the doctors surgery"
the branch of medical science that treats disease or injury by operative procedures; "he is professor of surgery at the Harvard Medical School"
see ones performance improve; "He levelled the score and then surged ahead"
a sudden or abrupt strong increase; "stimulated a surge of speculation"; "an upsurge of emotion"; "an upsurge in violent crime" (同)upsurge
the act of providing approval and support; "his vigorous backing of the conservatives got him in trouble with progressives" (同)backup, championship, patronage
something forming a back that is added for strengthening (同)mount

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈C〉(人・動物の)『背』,『背中』,背部 / 《通例the~》(正面に対して)(…の)『後ろ』,『裏』,奥,後部《+『of』+『名』》 / 《通例the back》背に似たもの;(手足の)甲;(刀の)みね;(いす・本の)背 / 〈C〉〈U〉(フットボール・ホッケーなどの)後衛 / 《名詞の前にのみ用にて》『後ろの』,後部にある,裏の / 後もどりする,逆の / 遅れている,未払いの / (中心から)遠い,へんぴな,奥地の / (音声が)後舌音の / 『後方へ』,『後ろに』(backward) / (場所・状態が)『もとへ』,帰って,返して / (時間的に)『さかのぼって』,今から…前に(ago) / 〈車など〉'を'『後退させる』 / (…で)〈人・計画など〉'を'『後援する』,支持する(support)《+『名』+『in』+『名』》 / (競馬で)…に賭ける / (…で)…‘の'伴奏をする《+『名』+『by』+『名』》 / …‘の'裏手にある,背景をなす / 〈手形など〉‘に'裏書きする(endorse) / 《しばしば受動態で》〈本〉‘に'背をつける,(…で)…'を'裏打ちする《+『名』+『with』+『名』》 / 後ずさりする,後退する(move backward)
『失敗』する,しくじる;落第する / 不足する,欠けている / 『衰える』,弱くなる / 〈会社などが〉破産する,倒産する / (いざというときに)〈人〉‘の'『役にたたない』,期待を裏切る,〈人〉‘を'見捨てる / 〈教師が〉〈学生・生徒〉‘を'落とす,‘に'落第点をつける / 〈学科・試験など〉‘に'『落第する』 / =failure
〈U〉『外科,』外科医術 / 〈U〉手術 / 〈C〉《英》診察室;〈C〉〈U〉診察時間
波のように押し寄せる,殺到する / 〈感情が〉こみあげる《+up》 / 急増する,〈株などが〉急騰する / (…が)押し寄せること,(…の)襲来,殺到《+of+名》 / (感情の)高まり,急増,急騰
〈U〉(本などの)裏打ち,背付け / 〈U〉後援,支持;《集合的に》後援者たち / 〈C〉(ポピュラー音楽で)伴奏

UpToDate Contents

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1. Subacute and chronic low back pain: Surgical treatment
2. 脊髄刺激療法：留置とマネージメント spinal cord stimulation placement and management
3. 慢性非癌性疼痛治療の概要 overview of the treatment of chronic non cancer pain

English Journal

'Lumbar Degenerative Kyphosis' Is Not Byword for Degenerative Sagittal Imbalance: Time to Replace a Misconception.

Lee CH1, Chung CK2,3,4,5, Jang JS6, Kim SM7, Chin DK8, Lee JK9.
Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society.J Korean Neurosurg Soc.2017 Mar;60(2):125-129. doi: 10.3340/jkns.2016.0607.001. Epub 2017 Mar 1.
PMID 28264231

Is the use of hemostatic matrix (Floseal) and alkylene oxide copolymer (Ostene) safe in spinal laminectomies? Peridural fibrosis assessment.

Gurcan O1, Gurcay AG2, Kazanci A2, Onder E3, Senturk S4, Bavbek M2.
Acta orthopaedica et traumatologica turcica.Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc.2017 Mar;51(2):165-168. doi: 10.1016/j.aott.2017.02.006. Epub 2017 Feb 27.
PMID 28246047

An Innovative Use of Cortoss Bone Cement to Stabilize a Nonunion after Interbody Fusion.

Granville M1, Jacobson RE2.
Cureus.Cureus.2017 Jan 20;9(1):e986. doi: 10.7759/cureus.986.
PMID 28229033

Burst Spinal Cord Stimulation Increases Peripheral Antineuroinflammatory Interleukin 10 Levels in Failed Back Surgery Syndrome Patients With Predominant Back Pain.

Kinfe TM1,2, Muhammad S1, Link C3, Roeske S4, Chaudhry SR1, Yearwood TL5.
Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society.Neuromodulation.2017 Jun;20(4):322-330. doi: 10.1111/ner.12586. Epub 2017 Feb 13.
PMID 28194840

Japanese Journal

臨床経験高齢者の慢性腰下肢痛に対する後仙腸靱帯ブロックの有効性

松本園子,中村かんな,井福正貴他
麻酔 61(9), 993-997, 2012-09-00
NAID 40019422990

腰椎変性すべり症を伴う腰部脊柱管狭窄症に対する後方除圧術単独の治療成績 : 術後症状再燃例の検討

菅原淳,井須豊彦,金景成,森本大二郎,磯部正則,松本亮司,小川彰,小笠原邦昭
脊髄外科 : 日本脊髄外科研究会機関誌 = Spinal surgery
NAID 10030691713

Failed Back Surgery Syndrome の患者の手術や痛みの体験と生活の意味づけ

山口恵子,稲垣美智子
日本看護研究学会雑誌 35(2), 79-90, 2012-06-30
NAID 10031038850

Failed Depiction of Patent Bypass Graft Due to Presence of Large Lateral Costal Artery

NISHI Hiroyuki,SAKAGUCHI Taichi,MIYAGAWA Shigeru,YOSHIKAWA Yasushi,FUKUSHIMA Satsuki,SUMITSUJI Satoru,SAWA Yoshiki
Annals of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery
… We report a rare case of failed depiction of a patent right internal thoracic artery (RITA) to left anterior descending artery (LAD) bypass on 64-slice multidetector row computed tomographic (MDCT) angiography due to the presence of a large lateral costal artery. … A 66-year-old male with acute coronary syndrome due to triple vessel disease underwent urgent coronary artery bypass grafting, in which bilateral ITA and saphenous vein grafts were used. …
NAID 10030789724