WordNet

arrange into a group or groups; "Can you group these shapes together?"
(chemistry) two or more atoms bound together as a single unit and forming part of a molecule (同)radical, chemical group
any number of entities (members) considered as a unit (同)grouping
a set that is closed, associative, has an identity element and every element has an inverse (同)mathematical group
form a group or group together (同)aggroup
the activity of putting things together in groups
a system for classifying things into groups (同)pigeonholing
belonging to or on or near the back or upper surface of an animal or organ or part; "the dorsal fin is the vertical fin on the back of a fish and certain marine mammals"
pertaining to respiration; "respiratory assistance"
a breathing device for administering long-term artificial respiration (同)inhalator

PrepTutorEJDIC

(…の)『群れ』,集まり,小集団《+of+名》 / (主義・系統・種類などを同じくする人・物の)『派』,『団体』 / (ポミュラーソング歌手の)グループ / (動・植物分類上の)群;(化学の)基,原子団;(地質学上の)界;(数学の)群;(言語学上の)語派 / …‘を'一群に集める,一団にする《+『名』+『together』》 / (系統的に)…‘を'分類する,調和よく配合する《+『名』+『together』》 / 集まる,群(集団)をなす
グループに分けること;分類法 / (集まった物の)配置,配合
(植物の)背部の,背の
呼吸の,呼吸作用の,呼吸のための
《米》人工呼吸装置 / (一般に)マスク;防毒マスク

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/03/02 19:26:59」(JST)

wiki en

The dorsal respiratory group (DRG) is located in the dorsomedial region of the medulla, and is composed of cells in the solitary tract nucleus. The DRG is one of two known respiratory neuron localizations, with the other being the ventral respiratory group. The DRG is found in many types of fish and mammals.^[1]

Respiratory effects

The DRG is involved in the generation of respiratory rhythm, and is primarily responsible for the generation of inspiration. It is stimulated via the apneustic centre in the lower pons and is also a part of the solitary tract, which is responsible for appropriating responses to sensory information from chemoreceptors and mechanoreceptors in humans. It is inhibited by the Pneumotaxic centre.

Inspiration begins when cells of the solitary tract nucleus (along with cells of the ventral respiratory group) begin a steady increase in firing, leading to contraction of the respiratory muscles. When neurons in the DRG fire, impulses travel down the phrenic and intercostal nerves to stimulate the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles. The thoracic cavity expands and air rushes into the lungs due to the negative pressure, producing inspiration. When the cells stop firing, the inspiratory muscles relax, inspiration ceases, and exhalation begins.

The rhythm of the DRG produces a respiratory rate of 12-16 breaths per minute in humans. Inspiration usually lasts approximately 2 seconds, and expiration lasts about 3 seconds. The normal inspiration rate and rhythm is called eupnea, and difficult respiration is termed dyspnea.

References

^ Kolesnikova, EE (2011). "Role of glutamate and GABA in mechanisms underlying respiratory control". Neurophysiology (Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, Kiev, Ukraine) 42 (4): 294–304. doi:10.1007/s11062-011-9162-z. |access-date= requires |url= (help)

Berne, Robert M.; Levy, Matthew N.; Koeppen, Bruce M.; Stanton, Bruce A. (2004). Physiology, 5th edition. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier. p. 513. ISBN 0-323-03390-3.

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UpToDate Contents

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1. 新生児および乳児におけるB群レンサ球菌感染症 group b streptococcal infection in neonates and young infants
2. 成人の急性呼吸不全における非侵襲的陽圧換気 noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in acute respiratory failure in adults
3. 小児および思春期における急性感染性咽頭炎の診断へのアプローチ approach to diagnosis of acute infectious pharyngitis in children and adolescents
4. 慢性閉塞性肺疾患（COPD）における呼吸筋のトレーニングおよび安静 respiratory muscle training and resting in copd
5. 小児における急性呼吸窮迫の緊急評価および即時的マネージメント emergency evaluation and immediate management of acute respiratory distress in children

English Journal

Contribution of the lateral lemniscus to the control of swallowing in decerebrate cats.

Ota R, Takakusaki K, Katada A, Harada H, Nonaka S, Harabuchi Y.SourceDepartment of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, School of Medicine, Midorigaoka-Higashi, 2-1, 1-1, 078-8510, Japan.
Neuroscience.Neuroscience.2013 Dec 19;254:260-74. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.09.036. Epub 2013 Sep 27.
Lateral lemniscus, a relay nucleus of auditory sensation, is involved in the control of phonatory movements such as human speech and vocalization of animals. The present study was designed to test whether neurons in the lateral lemniscus contributed to the control of swallowing, one of non-phonic or
PMID 24080429

Comparison of dynamic and resting endoscopy of the upper portion of the respiratory tract in 57 Thoroughbred yearlings.

Kelly PG, Reardon RJ, Johnston MS, Pollock PJ.SourceWeipers Centre for Equine Welfare, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, UK.
Equine veterinary journal.Equine Vet J.2013 Nov;45(6):700-4. doi: 10.1111/evj.12061. Epub 2013 Mar 21.
REASONS FOR PERFORMING THE STUDY: Endoscopic examination of Thoroughbred (TB) yearlings is performed routinely to determine the suitability of horses for racing and to ensure that the conditions of sale are satisfied. However, previous research has demonstrated that resting endoscopic examination ca
PMID 23521159

Japanese Journal

Changes in Neuronal Expression of c-Fos Protein in the Medulla Oblongata after Unilateral Phrenicotomy in Wistar Rats

Tomita Kazuhide,Takayama Kiyoshige
Journal of Physical Therapy Science 20(3), 163-168, 2008
… In both sides of the ventral respiratory group (VRG) and the left side of dorsal respiratory group (DRG), numbers of c-Fos-ir neurons were significantly increased in phrenicotomy rats compared to the control rats (P<0.05). … [Conclusion] The present results suggest that phrenicotomy may result in an increase in the activity of medullary respiratory neurons during the recovery of respiration after the phrenicotomy. …
NAID 130004431568

呼吸神経生理 (特集神経筋疾患における呼吸障害)

本間生夫
Brain and nerve : 神経研究の進歩 54(5), 375-380, 2002-05
NAID 40019913446

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「背側ニューロン群」
拡張検索	「medullary dorsal respiratory group」
関連記事	「group」「grouping」「respiratory」「dorsal」「grouped」

「背側ニューロン群」

Dorsal respiratory group
	Section of the medulla oblongata at about the middle of the olive. (Dorsal respiratory group not labeled, but spinal tract labeled at center right.)
Dorlands; /Elsevier	g_12/12402978
	Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy [edit on Wikidata]

　　[★]

関: 延髄背側ニューロン群 dorsal respiratory group DRG

「medullary dorsal respiratory group」

　　[★] 延髄背側呼吸ニューロン群

「group」

　　[★]

n.

集団、グループ、(動物)群れ、(分類学)群、(化学)基

v.

分類する、グループ化する

関: assortment、categorization、categorize、category、class、classification、classifier、classify、cluster、collective、grouping、herd、mass、population、sort、swarm、systematization、typing

「grouping」

　　[★]

n.

分類、グルーピング、グループ化、群化

関: assortment、categorization、categorize、category、class、classification、classifier、classify、group、grouped、sort、systematization、typing

「respiratory」

　　[★]

adj.

呼吸の、呼吸器の、呼吸性の

関: breath、breathe、breathing、respiration、respiratory mechanics、respiratory organ、respiratory tract

「dorsal」

　　[★]

adj.

背側の、背部の、背側性の

関: dorsally、dorsum、notal

「grouped」

　　[★]

adj.

群化の

関: grouping

[1] Kolesnikova, EE (2011). "Role of glutamate and GABA in mechanisms underlying respiratory control". Neurophysiology (Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, Kiev, Ukraine) 42 (4): 294–304. doi:10.1007/s11062-011-9162-z. |access-date= requires |url= (help)

Dorsal respiratory group
Section of the medulla oblongata at about the middle of the olive. (Dorsal respiratory group not labeled, but spinal tract labeled at center right.)
Dorlands /Elsevier	g_12/12402978
*Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy* [edit on Wikidata]

匿名

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案内

案内

dorsal respiratory group