- 関
- respiratory、respiratory organ、respiratory tract
WordNet
- pertaining to respiration; "respiratory assistance"
- the branch of physics concerned with the motion of bodies in a frame of reference
- resembling the action of a machine; "from blank to blank a threadless way I pushed mechanic feet"- Emily Dickenson
- a breathing device for administering long-term artificial respiration (同)inhalator
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 呼吸の,呼吸作用の,呼吸のための
- 《単数扱い》力学;応用力学,機械学 / 《複数扱い》(作業・スポーツなどの)技術的な部分,技術
- 『機械工』,職工
- 《米》人工呼吸装置 / (一般に)マスク;防毒マスク
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2013/07/10 20:31:19」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Gaseous exchange in the lung.
Respiratory physiology is the branch of human physiology focusing upon respiration.
Topics include:
Contents
- 1 Volumes
- 2 Mechanics
- 3 Circulation, ventilation, and perfusion
- 4 Gas exchange/transport (primarily oxygen and carbon dioxide)
- 5 Control and response
- 6 Disorders
- 7 See also
- 8 Additional images
- 9 References
- 10 External links
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Volumes[edit]
- lung volumes
- vital capacity
- functional residual capacity
- dead space
- spirometry
- body plethysmography
- peak flow meter
Mechanics[edit]
Inhalation (breathing in) is usually an active movement. The contraction of the diaphragm muscles cause a pressure variation, which is equal to the pressures caused by elastic, resistive and inertial components of the respiratory system. In contrast, expiration (breathing out) is usually a passive process.
![\begin{align}
P &= P_{el} + P_{re} + P_{in} \\
P &= EV + R\dot{V} + I\ddot{V}
\end{align}](//upload.wikimedia.org/math/e/4/7/e47fbb140b0e722e2f2bf62836a0de22.png)
Where Pel equals the product of elastance E (inverse of compliance) and volume of the system V, Pre equals the product of flow resistance R and time derivate of volume V (which is equivalent to the flow), Pin equals the product of inertance I and second time derivate of V. R and I are sometimes referred to as Rohrer's constants.
- Anatomy: pleural cavity, thoracic diaphragm, Intercostales externi muscles, Intercostales interni muscles
- inhalation and exhalation
- lung, pulmonary alveolus
- With insufficient pulmonary surfactant, the pulmonary alveoli collapse, causing atelectasis (in infants, infant respiratory distress syndrome)
- the law of Laplace,
- compliance (physiology) - decreased with fibrosis, increased with emphysema[1]
- Poiseuille's law
- asthma and COPD
- hysteresivity
Circulation, ventilation, and perfusion[edit]
- pulmonary circulation
- positive pressure ventilation
- hypoxic vasoconstriction
- ventilation (physiology), perfusion, ventilation/perfusion ratio (V/Q), and ventilation/perfusion scan
- shunts: right-to-left (tetralogy of fallot), left-to-right (patent ductus arteriosus)
- respiratory rate and respirometer
Gas exchange/transport (primarily oxygen and carbon dioxide)[edit]
Oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve
- gas exchange
- Dalton's law
- hemoglobin
- oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve, Bohr effect, Haldane effect
- carbonic anhydrase
- oxyhemoglobin
- respiratory quotient
- arterial blood gas
Control and response[edit]
- control of respiration
- reticular formation
- pons (apneuistic and pneumotaxic)
- chemoreceptors (medulla, carotid body, aortic body)
- Hering-Breuer reflex
- involuntary control of respiration
- exercise
- hyperoxia
- hypoxemia (hypoxic hypoxia)
Disorders[edit]
- altitude sickness
- asthma
- carbon monoxide poisoning
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- emphysema
- infant respiratory distress syndrome
- pulmonary edema
See also[edit]
- Breath sounds
- Pulmonology
- Respiratory monitoring
- Respiratory system
- Wikipedia:MeSH G09#MeSH G09.772 --- respiratory physiology
Additional images[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Compliance
External links[edit]
- Overview at Johns Hopkins University
- Clinical Sciences - Respiratory An iPhone app covering detailed respiratory physiology and anatomy
Respiratory system, physiology: respiratory physiology
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Lung volumes |
- VC
- FRC
- Vt
- dead space
- CC
- PEF
- calculations
- respiratory minute volume
- FEV1/FVC ratio
- methods of lung testing
- spirometry
- body plethysmography
- peak flow meter
- nitrogen washout
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Airways/ventilation (V) |
- positive pressure ventilation
- breath (inhalation
- exhalation)
- respiratory rate
- respirometer
- pulmonary surfactant
- compliance
- elastic recoil
- hysteresivity
- airway resistance
- bronchial hyperresponsiveness
- bronchoconstriction/bronchodilation
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Blood/perfusion (Q) |
- pulmonary circulation
- hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction
- pulmonary shunt
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Interactions/
ventilation/perfusion ratio (V/Q) |
- ventilation/perfusion scan
- zones of the lung
- gas exchange
- pulmonary gas pressures
- alveolar gas equation
- alveolar–arterial gradient
- hemoglobin
- oxygen–haemoglobin dissociation curve (Oxygen saturation
- 2,3-DPG
- Bohr effect
- Haldane effect)
- carbonic anhydrase (chloride shift)
- oxyhemoglobin
- respiratory quotient
- arterial blood gas
- diffusion capacity (DLCO)
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Control of respiration |
- pons
- pneumotaxic center
- apneustic center
- medulla
- dorsal respiratory group
- ventral respiratory group
- chemoreceptors
- pulmonary stretch receptors
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Insufficiency |
- high altitude
- oxygen toxicity
- hypoxia
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anat (n, x, l, c)/phys/devp
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noco (c, p)/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
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proc, drug (R1/2/3/5/6/7)
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UpToDate Contents
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
English Journal
- The occlusion tests and end-expiratory esophageal pressure: measurements and comparison in controlled and assisted ventilation.
- Chiumello D1,2, Consonni D3, Coppola S4,5, Froio S6,7, Crimella F8, Colombo A9.
- Annals of intensive care.Ann Intensive Care.2016 Dec;6(1):13. doi: 10.1186/s13613-016-0112-1. Epub 2016 Feb 12.
- BACKGROUND: Esophageal pressure is used as a reliable surrogate of the pleural pressure. It is conventionally measured by an esophageal balloon placed in the lower part of the esophagus. To validate the correct position of the balloon, a positive pressure occlusion test by compressing the thorax dur
- PMID 26868503
- Respiratory mechanics and lung stress/strain in children with acute respiratory distress syndrome.
- Chiumello D1,2, Chidini G3, Calderini E4, Colombo A5, Crimella F6, Brioni M7.
- Annals of intensive care.Ann Intensive Care.2016 Dec;6(1):11. doi: 10.1186/s13613-016-0113-0. Epub 2016 Feb 5.
- BACKGROUND: In sedated and paralyzed children with acute respiratory failure, the compliance of respiratory system and functional residual capacity were significantly reduced compared with healthy subjects. However, no major studies in children with ARDS have investigated the role of different level
- PMID 26847436
- Lung Perfusion and Ventilation During Cardiopulmonary Bypass Reduces Early Structural Damage to Pulmonary Parenchyma.
- da Costa Freitas CR1, Sa Malbouisson LM, Benicio A, Negri EM, Bini FM, Massoco CO, Otsuki DA, Vidal Melo MF, Carvalho Carmona MJ.
- Anesthesia and analgesia.Anesth Analg.2016 Apr;122(4):943-52. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000001118.
- BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether maintaining pulmonary perfusion and ventilation during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) reduces pulmonary inflammatory tissue injury compared with standard CPB where the lungs are not ventilated and are minimally perfused. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that ma
- PMID 26991612
Japanese Journal
- Clinical Application of the Forced Oscillation Technique
- 簡易呼気陽圧発生装置が自発呼吸に及ぼす影響 : 呼吸力学パラメータによる分析
- 人工呼吸のウィーニング─スムーズで安全な呼吸管理をめざして─
Related Links
- Mechanics [edit]. Front view of thorax. Inhalation (breathing in) is usually an active movement. The contraction of the diaphragm muscles cause a pressure variation, which is equal to the pressures caused by elastic, ...
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★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 関
- respiratory、respiratory mechanics、respiratory tract
[★]
- 関
- breath、breathe、breathing、respiration、respiratory mechanics、respiratory organ、respiratory tract
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- 関
- machine