杏仁、キョウニン
- 関
- apricot seed、Armeniacae Semen
WordNet
- the inner and usually edible part of a seed or grain or nut or fruit stone; "black walnut kernels are difficult to get out of the shell" (同)meat
- a single whole grain of a cereal; "a kernel of corn"
- the choicest or most essential or most vital part of some idea or experience; "the gist of the prosecutors argument"; "the heart and soul of the Republican Party"; "the nub of the story" (同)substance, core, center, centre, essence, gist, heart, heart_and_soul, inwardness, marrow, meat, nub, pith, sum, nitty-gritty
- Asian tree having clusters of usually white blossoms and edible fruit resembling the peach (同)apricot tree
- downy yellow to rosy-colored fruit resembling a small peach
- remove a portion of space between (adjacent letters)
- the part of a metal typeface that projects beyond its body
- furnish with a kern
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (果実の)仁(じん) / (麦・とうもろこしなどの)穀粒(grain) / (問題の)核心,眼目
- 〈C〉アンズ;アンズの木 / 〈U〉アンズ色 / アンズ色の,黄赤色の
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2013/01/28 22:39:10」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
The kernel (bottom) and broken seed shell of an apricot
An apricot kernel (Prunus armeniaca, "Armenian plum" in Latin) refers to the kernel of a species of Prunus, classified with the plum in the subgenus Prunus. It is known for containing amygdalin, an ineffective, and sometimes dangerous, purported alternative cancer treatment.[1]
Seeds or kernels of the apricot grown in central Asia and around the Mediterranean are so sweet that they may be substituted for almonds. The Italian liqueur amaretto and amaretti biscotti are flavored with extract of apricot kernels as well as almonds. Oil pressed from these cultivars has been used as cooking oil.[citation needed]
Apricot kernels can sometimes be strong-tasting and bitter. They feature in recipes for apricot jam, and Italian amaretto cookies and liqueur.[citation needed] Taken in excess, they may produce symptoms of cyanide poisoning, including nausea, fever, rash, headaches, insomnia, increased thirst, weakness, lethargy, nervousness, various aches and pains in joints and muscles, and a drop in blood pressure.
In 1993, the New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets tested the cyanide content of two 220 gram (8oz) packages of apricot kernels that were imported from Pakistan and were being sold in health-food stores as a snack. The results showed that each package, if consumed entirely, contained at least double the minimum lethal dosage of cyanide for an adult human. The apricot pits were recalled and removed from stores.[2] In spite of this, there were no USA deaths and only one serious toxicity from apricot kernels reported from 1979 to 1998.[3] On average, an apricot kernel contains about 0.5 mg of cyanide.
Apricot seeds (kernels are inside)
Nutritional content
Oil from apricot kernels, each 100 grams
Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz) |
Energy |
883 kJ (211 kcal) |
Carbohydrates |
0 g |
Fat |
100 g
- Saturated fat: 6.3 g
- Monounsaturated fat: 60 g
- Polyunsaturated fat: 29.3 g
|
Protein |
0 g |
Vitamin B6 |
0 mg (0%) |
Vitamin C |
0 mg (0%) |
Vitamin E |
4 mg (27%) |
Iron |
0 mg (0%) |
Magnesium |
0 mg (0%) |
Phosphorus |
0 mg (0%) |
Potassium |
0 mg (0%) |
Zinc |
0 mg (0%) |
Percentages are relative to
US recommendations for adults.
Source: USDA Nutrient Database |
- Calories from fat: 100
- Cholesterol: 0 mg
References
- ^ "Laetrile". American Cancer Society. http://www.cancer.org/Treatment/TreatmentsandSideEffects/ComplementaryandAlternativeMedicine/PharmacologicalandBiologicalTreatment/laetrile. Retrieved 1 June 2012.
- ^ Imported Bitter Apricot Pits Recalled as Cyanide Hazard By DENNIS HEVESI Published: Friday, March 26, 1993 - The New York Times
- ^ Suchard JR, Wallace KL, Gerkin RD (December 1998). "Acute cyanide toxicity caused by apricot kernel ingestion". Ann Emerg Med 32 (6): 742–4. doi:10.1016/S0196-0644(98)70077-0. PMID 9832674.
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Hydroxocobalamin treatment of acute cyanide poisoning from apricot kernels.
- Cigolini D, Ricci G, Zannoni M, Codogni R, De Luca M, Perfetti P, Rocca G.SourceDr Davide Cigolini; davide.cigolini@gmail.com.
- Emergency medicine journal : EMJ.Emerg Med J.2011 Sep;28(9):804-5.
- Clinical experience with hydroxocobalamin in acute cyanide poisoning via ingestion remains limited. This case concerns a 35-year-old mentally ill woman who consumed more than 20 apricot kernels. Published literature suggests each kernel would have contained cyanide concentrations ranging from 0.122
- PMID 21856998
- Protective effects of apricot kernel oil on myocardium against ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.
- Zhang J, Gu HD, Zhang L, Tian ZJ, Zhang ZQ, Shi XC, Ma WH.SourceKey Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China; Institute of Sports Biology, School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
- Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association.Food Chem Toxicol.2011 Aug 27. [Epub ahead of print]
- The present study was undertaken to evaluate the potential cardioprotective effects of apricot kernel oil (AO) on the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) of rat model in vivo. The rats were divided into five groups: sham-operated, IR, low dose AO-treated IR (LD-AO+IR), medium dose AO-treated IR (MD
- PMID 21896302
Japanese Journal
- 微生物代謝阻害による体臭制御--キョウニンエキスのアンドロステノン発生抑制作用の解析
- 最近の体臭発生機構の研究とデオドラント剤の開発 (特集1 最近の制汗・デオドラント剤の開発動向)
Related Links
- An apricot kernel (Prunus armeniaca, "Armenian plum" in Latin) refers to the kernel of a species of Prunus, classified with the plum in the subgenus Prunus. It is known for containing amygdalin, a toxic cyanogenic glycoside. Seeds or kernels of ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- apricot seed、apricot kernel、Armeniacae Semen
- 日
- あんにん、キョウニン、きょうにん
- 関
- 杏水 杏仁水 キョウニン水
- 関
- 生薬
- 関
- アプリコットアーモンド、アミグダリン、杏、杏仁オイル、杏の種、苦扁桃、ホンアンズ、レアトリル、Amyddaloside、Amygdalus armeniaca、Armeniaca vulgaris、Bitter Apricot Kernel、Chinese Almond、Madelonitrile、Prunusarmeniaca、Prunus Kernel、Vitamin B17
- 杏の種から得たものが仁で、これを杏仁という。
- 青酸配糖体アミグダリン約3%、脂肪油30~50%を含有し、鎮咳去痰薬として漢方処方用薬に配合される。
- また、杏仁水の製造原料としても用いられる。
- アミグダリンは杏仁に含まれる酵素エムルシンの作用によってベンズアルデヒド、青酸を生成する。
- 大量投与により、悪心・嘔吐、めまい、頭痛、心悸亢進、過呼吸、チアノーゼなど青酸中毒を起こす。
- がんの治療薬として使われていることがあるが、杏仁、活性物質のアミグダリン、および抗がん剤のレアトリルはがん治療に無効と言われており、科学的根拠に乏しい。
[★]
- 英
- apricot kernel
- ラ
- armeniacae semen
- 商
- 桂枝加厚朴杏仁湯エキス、桂麻各半湯エキス、神秘湯エキス、キョウニン水
- 関
- 杏仁
[★]
杏仁
- 関
- apricot kernel、Armeniacae Semen
[★]
杏仁
- 関
- apricot kernel、apricot seed
[★]
- 関
- core、heart、nucleoli、nucleolus
[★]
アンズ
- 関
- almond、cherry、peach、plum、Prunus、Prunus persica