a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction (同)cell_nucleus, karyon
(astronomy) the center of the head of a comet; consists of small solid particles of ice and frozen gas that vaporizes on approaching the sun to form the coma and tail
any histologically identifiable mass of neural cell bodies in the brain or spinal cord
the positively charged dense center of an atom
of or near the head end or toward the front plane of a body
Thalamic nuclei: MNG = Midline nuclear group AN = Anterior nuclear group MD = Medial dorsal nucleus VNG = Ventral nuclear group VA = Ventral anterior nucleus VL = Ventral lateral nucleus VPL = Ventral posterolateral nucleus VPM = Ventral posteromedial nucleus LNG = Lateral nuclear group PUL = Pulvinar MTh = Metathalamus LG = Lateral geniculate nucleus MG = Medial geniculate nucleus
Thalamic nuclei
Details
Part of
Thalamus
Identifiers
Latin
Nuclei anteriores thalami
NeuroNames
302
NeuroLex ID
birnlex_1692
TA
A14.1.08.603
FMA
62019
Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy
[edit on Wikidata]
The anterior nuclei of thalamus (or anterior nuclear group) are a collection of nuclei at the rostral end of the dorsal thalamus. They comprise the anteromedial, anterodorsal, and anteroventral nuclei.
Contents
1Inputs and outputs
2Function
3Additional images
4References
5External links
Inputs and outputs
The anterior nuclei receive afferents from the mammillary bodies via the mammillothalamic tract and from the subiculum via the fornix. In turn, they project to the cingulate gyrus.
The anterior nuclei of the thalamus display functions pertaining to memory. Persons displaying lesions in the anterior thalamus, preventing input from the pathway involving the hippocampus, mammillary bodies and the MTT, display forms of amnesia, supporting the anterior thalamus's involvement in episodic memory. However, although the hypothalamus projects to both the mammillary bodies and the anterior nuclei of the thalamus, the anterior nuclei receive input from hippocampal cells deep to the pyramidal cells projecting to the mammillary bodies.[1]
These nuclei are considered to be association nuclei, one of the three broader subdivisions of thalamic nuclei. These nuclei receive input from the cerebral cortex. The input received is integrated and re-directed back to the cortical areas of the cerebrum known as association areas. The anterior nuclei regulates what input is redistributed to the cortex. The connections of the anterior nuclei are similar to that of the lateral dorsal (LD) nuclei.[2]
Function
These nuclei are thought to play a role in the modulation of alertness and are involved in learning and episodic memory.[3] They are considered to be part of the limbic system.
The anterior thalamic nuclei (ATN) are recently thought to be connected in pathways serving a spatial navigation role in reference to propagating head movements. The ATN displays bidirectional connections with the postsubiculum, a structure in humans involved in regulating signaling relative to the movement of the head in the horizontal plane. This structure contains "head direction cells" hypothesized to also be present in the ATN. These head direction cells fire in response to an animal pointing its head in a certain direction. Ultimately, the firing sequences of these cells encode information allowing an animal to perceive its direction in relation to its spatial environment.[4]
Additional images
Thalamus
References
^Dere, Ekrem; Easton, Alexander; Nadel, Lynn; Huston, Joseph (2008). Handbook of Episodic Memory. Elsevier B.V. pp. 512–513. ISBN 978-0-444-53174-2. Retrieved 6 July 2015.
^Swenson, Rand (2006). Review of Clinical and Functional Neuroscience. Dartmouth Medical School. Retrieved July 6, 2015.
^Child, ND; Benarroch, EE (19 November 2013). "Anterior nucleus of the thalamus: functional organization and clinical implications". Neurology. 81 (21): 1869–1976. doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000436078.95856.56. ISSN 1526-632X. PMID 24142476.
^Jankowski, Maciej; Ronnqvist, Kim; Tsanov, Marian; Vann, Seralynne; Wright, Nicholas; Erichsen, Johnathan; Aggleton, John; O'Mara, Shane (30 August 2013). "The Anterior Thalamus Provides a Subcortical Circuit Supporting Memory and Spatial Navigation". Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience. 7: 45. doi:10.3389/fnsys.2013.00045. PMC 3757326. PMID 24009563.
External links
NIF Search - Anterior Nuclear Group via the Neuroscience Information Framework
v
t
e
Anatomy of the diencephalon of the human brain
Epithalamus
Surface
Pineal gland
Habenula
Habenular trigone
Habenular commissure
Grey matter
Pretectal area
Habenular nuclei
Subcommissural organ
Thalamus
Surface
Stria medullaris of thalamus
Thalamic reticular nucleus
Taenia thalami
Grey matter/ nuclei
paired: AN
Ventral
VA/VL
VP/VPM/VPL
Lateral
LD
LP
Pulvinar nuclei
Metathalamus
MG
LG
P cell
M cell
K cell
midline: MD
Intralaminar
Centromedian
Midline nuclear group
Interthalamic adhesion
White matter
Mammillothalamic tract
Pallidothalamic tracts
Ansa lenticularis
Lenticular fasciculus
Thalamic fasciculus
PCML
Medial lemniscus
Trigeminal lemniscus
Spinothalamic tract
Lateral lemniscus
Dentatothalamic tract
Acoustic radiation
Optic radiation
Subthalamic fasciculus
Anterior trigeminothalamic tract
Medullary laminae
Hypothalamus
Surface
Median eminence/Tuber cinereum
Mammillary body
Infundibulum
Grey matter
Autonomic zones
Anterior (parasympathetic/heat loss)
Posterior (sympathetic/heat conservation)
Endocrine
posterior pituitary: Paraventricular
Magnocellular neurosecretory cell
Parvocellular neurosecretory cell
Supraoptic
oxytocin/vasopressin
other: Arcuate (dopamine/GHRH)
Preoptic (GnRH)
Suprachiasmatic (melatonin)
Emotion
Lateral
Ventromedial
Dorsomedial
White matter
afferent
Medial forebrain bundle
Retinohypothalamic tract
efferent
Mammillothalamic tract
Stria terminalis
Dorsal longitudinal fasciculus
Pituitary
Posterior is diencephalon, but anterior is glandular
Subthalamus
Subthalamic nucleus
Zona incerta
Nuclei campi perizonalis (Fields of Forel)
v
t
e
Papez circuit pathway
Diencephalon
Mammillary body → Mammillothalamic tract → Anterior nuclei of thalamus →
Evaluation of functional connectivity in subdivisions of the thalamus in schizophrenia.
Gong J, Luo C, Li X, Jiang S, Khundrakpam BS, Duan M, Chen X, Yao D.
The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science. 2019 May;214(5)288-296.
Previous studies in schizophrenia revealed abnormalities in the cortico-cerebellar-thalamo-cortical circuit (CCTCC) pathway, suggesting the necessity for defining thalamic subdivisions in understanding alterations of brain connectivity.AimsTo parcellate the thalamus into several subdivisions using a
The pulvinar nucleus and antidepressant treatment: dynamic modeling of antidepressant response and remission with ultra-high field functional MRI.
Kraus C, Klöbl M, Tik M, Auer B, Vanicek T, Geissberger N, Pfabigan DM, Hahn A, Woletz M, Paul K, Komorowski A, Kasper S, Windischberger C, Lamm C, Lanzenberger R.
Molecular psychiatry. 2019 May;24(5)746-756.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) successfully disentangled neuronal pathophysiology of major depression (MD), but only a few fMRI studies have investigated correlates and predictors of remission. Moreover, most studies have used clinical outcome parameters from two time points, which do
Spontaneous cingulate high-current spikes signal normal and pathological pain states.
Shih HC, Yang JW, Lee CM, Shyu BC.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience. 2019 Apr;().
Prominent 7-12 Hz oscillations in frontal cortical networks in rats have been reported. However, the mechanism of generation and the physiological function of this brain rhythm have not yet been clarified. Multi-channel extracellular field potentials of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) were recor
