WordNet

of critical importance and consequence; "an acute (or critical) lack of research funds"
having or demonstrating ability to recognize or draw fine distinctions; "an acute observer of politics and politicians"; "incisive comments"; "icy knifelike reasoning"; "as sharp and incisive as the stroke of a fang"; "penetrating insight"; "frequent penetrative observations" (同)discriminating, incisive, keen, knifelike, penetrating, penetrative, piercing, sharp
extremely sharp or intense; "acute pain"; "felt acute annoyance"; "intense itching and burning" (同)intense
having or experiencing a rapid onset and short but severe course; "acute appendicitis"; "the acute phase of the illness"; "acute patients"
of an angle; less than 90 degrees
stack in cords; "cord firewood"
a unit of amount of wood cut for burning; 128 cubic feet
a cut pile fabric with vertical ribs; usually made of cotton (同)corduroy
a light insulated conductor for household use (同)electric cord
a line made of twisted fibers or threads; "the bundle was tied with a cord"
bind or tie with a cord

PrepTutorEJDIC

(先の)『鋭い』,とがった / (痛み・感情などが)『激しい』,強い / (知力・感覚などが)『鋭い』,鋭敏な / (事態が)重大な / (病気が)急性の / (音が)高い,鋭い / 鋭角の
〈U〉〈C〉『綱,ひも』(stringより太くropeより細い) / 〈U〉〈C〉束縛,きずな / 〈C〉〈U〉(電気の)『コード』,線 / (またchord)〈C〉(動物体の)索状組織,腱(けん) / 〈C〉うね織り,(特に)コールテン;(うね織りの)うね;《複数形で》コールテンのズボン / 〈C〉コード(材木の容積の単位で約6.25m) / …'を'綱(ひも)で縛る
(驚いて)わあっ,えっ

UpToDate Contents

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1. 肺性心 cor pulmonale
2. 心電図におけるQ波の病因および診断 pathogenesis and diagnosis of q waves on the electrocardiogram
3. 成人における胸痛の鑑別診断 differential diagnosis of chest pain in adults
4. 異物肉芽腫 foreign body granulomatosis
5. Anesthesia for elective spine surgery in adults

English Journal

Mild hypoxia affects synaptic connectivity in cultured neuronal networks.

Hofmeijer J1, Mulder AT2, Farinha AC3, van Putten MJ4, le Feber J5.Author information 1Clinical Neurophysiology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands. Electronic address: jhofmeijer@rijnstate.nl.2Biomedical Signals and Sytems, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands. Electronic address: A.T.B.Mulder@student.utwente.nl.3Biomedical Signals and Sytems, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands. Electronic address: Catarina.farinha@gmail.com.4Clinical Neurophysiology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, The Netherlands. Electronic address: M.J.A.M.vanPutten@utwente.nl.5Biomedical Signals and Sytems, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands. Electronic address: J.leFeber@utwente.nl.AbstractEighty percent of patients with chronic mild cerebral ischemia/hypoxia resulting from chronic heart failure or pulmonary disease have cognitive impairment. Overt structural neuronal damage is lacking and the precise cause of neuronal damage is unclear. As almost half of the cerebral energy consumption is used for synaptic transmission, and synaptic failure is the first abrupt consequence of acute complete anoxia, synaptic dysfunction is a candidate mechanism for the cognitive deterioration in chronic mild ischemia/hypoxia. Because measurement of synaptic functioning in patients is problematic, we use cultured networks of cortical neurons from new born rats, grown over a multi-electrode array, as a model system. These were exposed to partial hypoxia (partial oxygen pressure of 150Torr lowered to 40-50Torr) during 3 (n=14) or 6 (n=8) hours. Synaptic functioning was assessed before, during, and after hypoxia by assessment of spontaneous network activity, functional connectivity, and synaptically driven network responses to electrical stimulation. Action potential heights and shapes and non-synaptic stimulus responses were used as measures of individual neuronal integrity. During hypoxia of 3 and 6h, there was a statistically significant decrease of spontaneous network activity, functional connectivity, and synaptically driven network responses, whereas direct responses and action potentials remained unchanged. These changes were largely reversible. Our results indicate that in cultured neuronal networks, partial hypoxia during 3 or 6h causes isolated disturbances of synaptic connectivity.
Brain research.Brain Res.2014 Apr 4;1557:180-9. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.02.027. Epub 2014 Feb 20.
Eighty percent of patients with chronic mild cerebral ischemia/hypoxia resulting from chronic heart failure or pulmonary disease have cognitive impairment. Overt structural neuronal damage is lacking and the precise cause of neuronal damage is unclear. As almost half of the cerebral energy consumpti
PMID 24560899

A novel approach in extracorporeal circulation: individual, integrated, and interactive heart-lung assist (I3-Assist).

Wagner G, Schlanstein P, Fiehe S, Kaufmann T, Kopp R, Bensberg R, Schmitz-Rode T, Steinseifer U, Arens J.AbstractAbstract Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) is a well-established technique for the treatment of different cardiac and pulmonary diseases, e.g., congenital heart disease and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Additionally, severely ill patients who cannot be weaned from the heart-lung machine directly after surgery have to be put on ECLS for further therapy. Although both systems include identical components, a seamless transition is not possible yet. The adaption of the circuit to the patients' size and demand is limited owing to the components available. The project I³-Assist aims at a novel concept for extracorporeal circulation. To better match the patient's therapeutic demand of support, an individual number of one-size oxygenators and heat exchangers will be combined. A seamless transition between cardiopulmonary bypass and ECLS will be possible as well as the exchange of components during therapy to enhance circuit maintenance throughout long-term support. Until today, a novel oxygenator and heat exchanger along with a simplified manufacturing protocol have been established. The first layouts of the unit to allow the spill- and bubble-free connection and disconnection of modules as well as improved cannulas and a rotational pump are investigated using computational fluid dynamics. Tests were performed according to current guidelines in vitro and in vivo. The test results show the feasibility and potential of the concept.
Biomedizinische Technik. Biomedical engineering.Biomed Tech (Berl).2014 Apr 1;59(2):125-33. doi: 10.1515/bmt-2013-0026.
Abstract Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) is a well-established technique for the treatment of different cardiac and pulmonary diseases, e.g., congenital heart disease and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Additionally, severely ill patients who cannot be weaned from the heart-lung machine dire
PMID 24327525

Atrial fibrillation in acute pulmonary embolism: prognostic considerations.

Barra SN1, Paiva LV, Providência R, Fernandes A, Leitão Marques A.Author information 1Cardiology Department, Coimbra University and Hospital Centre, , Coimbra, Portugal.AbstractAIMS: Although it is accepted that atrial fibrillation (AF) may be both the contributing factor and the consequence of pulmonary embolism (PE), data on the prognostic role of AF in patients with acute venous thromboembolism are scarce. Our aim was to study whether AF had a prognostic role in patients with acute PE.
Emergency medicine journal : EMJ.Emerg Med J.2014 Apr;31(4):308-12. doi: 10.1136/emermed-2012-202089. Epub 2013 Jan 24.
AIMS: Although it is accepted that atrial fibrillation (AF) may be both the contributing factor and the consequence of pulmonary embolism (PE), data on the prognostic role of AF in patients with acute venous thromboembolism are scarce. Our aim was to study whether AF had a prognostic role in patient
PMID 23349355