vesicular acetylcholine transporter

小胞アセチルコリン輸送体、小胞アセチルコリントランス・ーター

関

VAChT、vesicular acetylcholine transport protein

WordNet

1. move something or somebody around; usually over long distances
2. an exchange of molecules (and their kinetic energy and momentum) across the boundary between adjacent layers of a fluid or across cell membranes
3. move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in ones hands or on ones body; "You must carry your camping gear"; "carry the suitcases to the car"; "This train is carrying nuclear waste"; "These pipes carry waste water into the river" (同)carry
4. transport commercially (同)send, ship
5. a long truck for carrying motor vehicles (同)car transporter
6. a crane for moving material with dispatch as in loading and unloading ships
7. a neurotransmitter that is a derivative of choline; released at the ends of nerve fibers in the somatic and parasympathetic nervous systems
8. of or relating to or involving vesicles; "normal vesicular breathing"

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (ある場所からある場所へ)…‘を'『輸送する』,運搬する《+名+from+名+to+名》 / 《文》《受動態で》(…で)…‘を'夢中にする,有頂天にする《+名+with+名》 / 〈罪人〉‘を'流刑にする / 〈U〉輸送,運送,輸送(交通)機関(transportation) / 〈C〉(軍隊や軍需品を運ぶ)輸送船,輸送機
2. 自動車運搬用大型トラック
3. アセチルコリン(神経を刺激し筋肉運動を起こす化合物)
4. 小嚢の小胞の,小嚢(小胞)状の

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/15 22:59:37」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Solute carrier family 18 (vesicular acetylcholine transporter), member 3
Identifiers
Symbols	SLC18A3 ; VACHT
External IDs	OMIM: 600336 HomoloGene: 11022 IUPHAR: 1013 GeneCards: SLC18A3 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • acetylcholine transmembrane transporter activity Cellular component • plasma membrane • integral component of plasma membrane • membrane • clathrin-sculpted acetylcholine transport vesicle membrane Biological process • synaptic transmission • neurotransmitter secretion • acetylcholine transport • ion transmembrane transport Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	6572	20508
Ensembl	ENSG00000187714	n/a
UniProt	Q16572	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_003055	NM_021712
RefSeq (protein)	NP_003046	NP_068358
Location (UCSC)	Chr 10: 50.82 – 50.82 Mb	n/a
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

The Vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) is a neurotransmitter transporter which is responsible for loading acetylcholine (ACh) into secretory organelles in neurons making acetylcholine available for secretion. It is encoded by Solute carrier family 18, member 3 (SLC18A3) gene. VAChT is able to transport ACh into vesicles by relying on an exchange between protons that were previously pumped into the vesicle diffusing out. ACh molecules are then carried into the cell by the action of exiting protons. Acetylcholine transport utilizes a proton gradient established by a vacuolar ATPase. This gene is located within the first intron of the choline acetyltransferase gene.

VACh uptake inhibitors

Radiolabeled compounds

PET imaging of the VAChT may provide insights into early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.

• (−)-trans-2-Hydroxy-3-(4-(4-[¹⁸F]fluorobenzoyl)piperidino)tetralin; racemate: Ki = 2.70 nM for VAChT, 191 nM for σ1, and 251 nM for σ2

References

Further Reading

• Matsuo, A; Bellier, J. P.; Nishimura, M; Yasuhara, O; Saito, N; Kimura, H (2011). "Nuclear choline acetyltransferase activates transcription of a high-affinity choline transporter". Journal of Biological Chemistry 286 (7): 5836–45. doi:10.1074/jbc.M110.147611. PMC 3037696. PMID 21163949. 

• Lau, J. K.; Brown, K. C.; Thornhill, B. A.; Crabtree, C. M.; Dom, A. M.; Witte, T. R.; Hardman, W. E.; McNees, C. A.; Stover, C. A.; Carpenter, A. B.; Luo, H; Chen, Y. C.; Shiflett, B. S.; Dasgupta, P (2013). "Inhibition of cholinergic signaling causes apoptosis in human bronchioalveolar carcinoma". Cancer Research 73 (4): 1328–39. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-12-3190. PMID 23222296. 

• Varoqui, H; Erickson, J. D. (1996). "Active transport of acetylcholine by the human vesicular acetylcholine transporter". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 271 (44): 27229–32. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.44.27229. PMID 8910293. 

• Harold, D; Peirce, T; Moskvina, V; Myers, A; Jones, S; Hollingworth, P; Moore, P; Lovestone, S; Powell, J; Foy, C; Archer, N; Walter, S; Edmonson, A; McIlroy, S; Craig, D; Passmore, P. A.; Goate, A; Hardy, J; O'Donovan, M; Williams, J; Liddell, M; Owen, M. J.; Jones, L (2003). "Sequence variation in the CHAT locus shows no association with late-onset Alzheimer's disease". Human Genetics 113 (3): 258–67. doi:10.1007/s00439-003-0960-2. PMID 12759818. 

• Morgan, A. R.; Turic, D; Jehu, L; Hamilton, G; Hollingworth, P; Moskvina, V; Jones, L; Lovestone, S; Brayne, C; Rubinsztein, D. C.; Lawlor, B; Gill, M; O'Donovan, M. C.; Owen, M. J.; Williams, J (2007). "Association studies of 23 positional/functional candidate genes on chromosome 10 in late-onset Alzheimer's disease". American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics 144B (6): 762–70. doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.30509. PMID 17373700. 

• Schütz, B; Chen, L; Schäfer, M. K.; Weihe, E; Eiden, L. E. (2000). "Somatomotor neuron-specific expression of the human cholinergic gene locus in transgenic mice". Neuroscience 96 (4): 707–22. doi:10.1016/s0306-4522(99)00587-4. PMID 10727789. 

• Khare, P; Mulakaluri, A; Parsons, S. M. (2010). "Search for the acetylcholine and vesamicol binding sites in vesicular acetylcholine transporter: The region around the lumenal end of the transport channel". Journal of Neurochemistry 115 (4): 984–93. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06990.x. PMC 2962730. PMID 20831599. 

• Tayebati, S. K.; El-Assouad, D; Ricci, A; Amenta, F (2002). "Immunochemical and immunocytochemical characterization of cholinergic markers in human peripheral blood lymphocytes". Journal of neuroimmunology 132 (1-2): 147–55. PMID 12417445. 

• Chireux, M. A.; Le Van Thai, A; Weber, M. J. (1995). "Human choline acetyltransferase gene: Localization of alternative first exons". Journal of Neuroscience Research 40 (4): 427–38. doi:10.1002/jnr.490400402. PMID 7616604. 

External links

• Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

• Selective expression of α-synuclein-immunoreactivity in vesicular acetylcholine transporter-immunoreactive axons in the guinea pig rectum and human colon.

• Sharrad DF, de Vries E, Brookes SJ.SourceDepartment of Human Physiology and Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders Medical Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia.
• The Journal of comparative neurology.J Comp Neurol.2013 Feb 15;521(3):657-76. doi: 10.1002/cne.23198.
• Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and nonmotor impairments, including constipation. The hallmark pathological features of Parkinson's disease are Lewy bodies and neurites, of which aggregated α-synuclein is a major constituent. Frequently, Lewy pathology is
• PMID 22821666

• Decreased acetylcholine release delays the consolidation of object recognition memory.

• De Jaeger X, Cammarota M, Prado MA, Izquierdo I, Prado VF, Pereira GS.SourceMolecular Brain Research Group, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5K8 Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5K8 Canada; Program in Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Electronic address: xavierdejaeger@gmail.com.
• Behavioural brain research.Behav Brain Res.2013 Feb 1;238:62-8. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2012.10.016. Epub 2012 Oct 23.
• Acetylcholine (ACh) is important for different cognitive functions such as learning, memory and attention. The release of ACh depends on its vesicular loading by the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT). It has been demonstrated that VAChT expression can modulate object recognition memory. Ho
• PMID 23089649

• Selective co-expression of synaptic proteins, α-synuclein, cysteine string protein-α, synaptophysin, synaptotagmin-1, and synaptobrevin-2 in vesicular acetylcholine transporter-immunoreactive axons in the guinea-pig ileum.

• Sharrad DF, Gai WP, Brookes SJ.SourceDepartment of Human Physiology and Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders Medical Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia.
• The Journal of comparative neurology.J Comp Neurol.2013 Jan 8. doi: 10.1002/cne.23296. [Epub ahead of print]
• Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by Lewy bodies and neurites composed mainly of the presynaptic protein, α-synuclein. Frequently, Lewy bodies and neurites are identified in the gut of Parkinson's disease patients and may underlie associated gastrointestinal dysfunct
• PMID 23296877

Japanese Journal

• Ginsenoside Re and Rd enhance the expression of cholinergic markers and neuronal differentiation in Neuro-2a cells

• KiM Min Soo,Yu Jung Min,Kim Hee Jung,Kim Hae Bok,Kim Seung Tae,Jang Su Kil,Choi Young Wook,Lee Do Ik,Joo Seong Soo
• Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 2014
• … In Alzheimer's disease (AD), extensive neuronal loss and a deficiency of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) are the major characteristics during pathogenesis in the brain. … In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether representative ginsenosides from ginseng can regulate choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), which are required for cholinergic neurotransmission. …
• NAID 130003390988

• コリン作動性神経機能素子の制御機構

• 奥田 隆志
• 基礎老化研究 36(3), 25-29, 2012-09-27
• NAID 10031121033

• 中枢聴覚系のコリン線維とムスカリン性受容体

• 濱田 聡子,トリフォノフ ステファン,宝谷 剛志 [他],加瀬 政彦,山下 雄司,馬場 一泰,清水 順一,丸山 正人,友田 幸一,山下 敏夫,杉本 哲夫
• 関西医科大学雑誌 63(0), 7-9, 2012
• アルツハイマー病では中枢聴覚系の機能障害を示唆する症状を合併する場合が少なくない．また細胞変性等の病変が疾病脳の聴覚上行路各部位にも確認されている．本研究ではマウス脳のこれらの部位におけるコリン線維とムスカリン性受容体（m2，m3タイプ）の発現分布密度を測定した．聴覚上行路諸核で，これらコリン線維・受容体を介する情報伝達・変換が聴覚の伝達に一定の意義を有することが，本研究から強く示唆された．
• NAID 130002049985

Related Links

• Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter Antibody (NBP1-46776 ...

Rabbit Polyclonal Anti-Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter Antibody. Tested Applications: Western Blot, IHC, IHC-Frozen, IHC-Paraffin. Tested Reactivity: Mouse, Rat. ... Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter (VAChT), (~70kD protein ...

• Anti-Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter antibody | #ACT-003 ...

In cholinergic neurons, acetylcholine is synthesized from choline and acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA). Vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) transports acetylcholine from the cytoplasm to the lumen of synaptic vesicles where ...

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「小胞アセチルコリン輸送体」「VAChT」「小胞アセチルコリントランスポーター」
関連記事	「transport」「transporter」「vesicular」「acetylcholine」

「小胞アセチルコリン輸送体」

　　[★]

英

vesicular acetylcholine transporter、VAChT

関

小胞アセチルコリン輸送タンパク質、小胞アセチルコリントランス・ーター

「VAChT」

　　[★]

• 小胞アセチルコリン輸送体

関

vesicular acetylcholine transport protein、vesicular acetylcholine transporter

「小胞アセチルコリントランスポーター」

　　[★]

英

vesicular acetylcholine transporter

関

小胞アセチルコリン輸送体

「transport」

　　[★]

• n.

• 輸送、運搬

• v.

• 輸送する、運搬する、運ぶ

関

bring、carriage、carry、convey、delivery、ship、traffic、trafficking、transportation

　 　 　 　 　

「transporter」

　　[★] トランスポーター

関

translocator、transport protein、transporter protein

　 　 　

「vesicular」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 小胞の

関

vesicle

　 　

「acetylcholine」

　　[★] アセチルコリン ACh