WordNet

make less strong or intense; soften; "Tone down that aggressive letter"; "The author finally tamed some of his potentially offensive statements" (同)moderate, tame
to a lower intensity; "he slowly phased down the light until the stage was completely black"
soft fine feathers (同)down feather
(American football) a complete play to advance the football; "you have four downs to gain ten yards"
fine soft dense hair (as the fine short hair of cattle or deer or the wool of sheep or the undercoat of certain dogs) (同)pile
(usually plural) a rolling treeless highland with little soil
understood perfectly; "had his algebra problems down" (同)down pat, mastered
extending or moving from a higher to a lower place; "the down staircase"; "the downward course of the stream" (同)downward
spatially or metaphorically from a higher to a lower level or position; "dont fall down"; "rode the lift up and skied down"; "prices plunged downward" (同)downwards, downward, downwardly
cause to come or go down; "The policeman downed the heavily armed suspect"; "The mugger knocked down the old lady after she refused to hand over her wallet" (同)knock down, cut_down, push down, pull down
shoot at and force to come down; "the enemy landed several of our aircraft" (同)shoot down, land
away from a more central or a more northerly place; "was sent down to work at the regional office"; "worked down on the farm"; "came down for the wedding"; "flew down to Florida"
becoming progressively lower; "the down trend in the real estate market"
being or moving lower in position or less in some value; "lay face down"; "the moon is down"; "our team is down by a run"; "down by a pawn"; "the stock market is down today"
being put out by a strikeout; "two down in the bottom of the ninth"
bring down or defeat (an opponent)
from an earlier time; "the story was passed down from father to son"
in an inactive or inoperative state; "the factory went down during the strike"; "the computer went down again"
not functioning (temporarily or permanently); "we cant work because the computer is down"
paid in cash at time of purchase; "put ten dollars down on the necklace"
shut; "the shades were down"
travel or traverse (a distance); "This car does 150 miles per hour"; "We did 6 miles on our hike every day"
the syllable naming the first (tonic) note of any major scale in solmization (同)doh, ut
proceed or get along; "How is she doing in her new job?"; "How are you making out in graduate school?"; "Hes come a long way" (同)fare, make_out, come, get along
create or design, often in a certain way; "Do my room in blue"; "I did this piece in wood to express my love for the forest" (同)make
carry on or function; "We could do with a little more help around here" (同)manage
get (something) done; "I did my job" (同)perform
vary the pitch of ones speech (同)inflect, modulate
give a healthy elasticity to; "Lets tone our muscles" (同)tone up, strengthen
change the color or tone of; "tone a negative"
change to a color image; "tone a photographic image"
(linguistics) a pitch or change in pitch of the voice that serves to distinguish words in tonal languages; "the Beijing dialect uses four tones"
a steady sound without overtones; "they tested his hearing with pure tones of different frequencies" (同)pure tone
the quality of a persons voice; "he began in a conversational tone"; "he spoke in a nervous tone of voice" (同)tone of voice
a musical interval of two semitones (同)whole tone, step, whole step
the quality of something (an act or a piece of writing) that reveals the attitudes and presuppositions of the author; "the general tone of articles appearing in the newspapers is that the government should withdraw"; "from the tone of her behavior I gathe
utter monotonously and repetitively and rhythmically; "The students chanted the same slogan over and over again" (同)chant, intone
having or distinguished by a tone; often used in combination; "full-toned"; "silver-toned"
having or characterized or distinguished by tone or a specific tone; often used in combination; "full-toned"; "shrill-toned"; "deep-toned"

PrepTutorEJDIC

(高い所から)『下へ』,降りて,地面へ / (地理・地図上)南へ,下町へ;(風・流れなどが)『下(しも)手へ』;《英》(都会・大学から)地方へ,離れて / (価格・品質・温度などが)『下がって』,(数量・スピードなどが)少なく,減じて,(濃度が)薄く / (健康・風の勢いなどが)『衰えて』,気分が沈んで / (時代などが)下がって,…に至るまで / (身分・地位が)下がって / (紙面に)書き留めて,記録して / (頭金を)現金で,即金で / 最後まで,徹底的に / しっかりと,動けないように / (高い所から)…『を下がって』;…『に沿って』;…の向こうに / …の下流に / …以来 / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》『下りの』,下への / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》(列車・バスなどが)下りの / 《補語にのみ用いて》下に,下がって / 《補語にのみ用いて》弱まった,おさまった;落胆した,元気のない / 《補語にのみ用いて》(勝負で)負けて,すって / 《補語にのみ用いて》《おもに米話》(野球で)アウト / …‘を'打倒する,負かす,撃ち落とす / …‘を'飲み干す,飲み込む / 下り,下降 / 《複数形で》不運,逆境
(鳥の)綿毛,うぶ毛,下羽 / (植物・果実の表面の)柔らかい毛
なだらかな草原地,丘陵地帯(特にイングランド南部の小高い白亜質の草原地the Downsを言う)
《疑問文・否定文を作る》 / 《否定命令文を作る》 / 《助動詞とbe動詞のどちらも含まない文に用いて付加疑問を作る》 / 《強意語として》 / 《文》《助動詞とbe動詞のどちらも含まない文に用いて倒置文を作る》 / 《あいづちを打つ場合に》 / 《先行する動詞またはそれを含む述部の代用》 / 《so,nor,neitherで始まる簡略文で》 / …‘を'『する』,行う,果たす / 《通例have done,時にbe doneの形で》…‘を'『終える』,済ませる / …‘を'作る,作り出す / …‘を'『処理する』,整える,片付ける / 〈学課〉‘を'『勉強する』,専攻する / 〈利益・害など〉‘を'与える,もたらす / 〈人〉‘に'『役立つ』,用が足りる(serve) / …の速度で進む,距離を行く / …‘を'見物する / 〈劇〉‘を'上演する;…‘の'役を演じる / …の役目(仕事)をする / 《おもに英》…‘を'だます,かつぐ / 《話》…をへとへとにさせる / 『する』;活動する / 《通例have done,時にbe doneの形で》(…を)『終える』,済ます《+『with』+『名』》 / 〈事が〉『運ぶ』;〈人が〉暮らしていく,健康である / 〈物が〉(…に)『間に合う』,十分である;〈人が〉(…に)役に立つ,向く《+『for』+『名』》 / 《複数形で》すべきこと / 〈C〉《おもに英》大宴会,大パーティー / 〈C〉《英話》詐欺,ぺてん
ド(全音階の第1音)
〈C〉(高さ・音色・長さ・音量の点から見た)『音』 / 〈C〉〈U〉音質 / 〈C〉楽音;全音程 / 〈C〉《しばしば複数形で》『言い方,書き方』,口調,語調 / 〈C〉支配的な(一般的な)風潮(傾向) / 〈U〉(筋肉などの緊張の)『正常な状態』 / 〈C〉『色調』,色合い,濃淡,明暗 / (音・色などで)…‘に'『ある調子(口調,色合い)をつける』 / …‘の'色を変える,色を補正する
《方向》(1)(到着の意を含めて)…『へ』,に,まで / 《状況の変化》…[のほう]へ;…に[なるまで],その結果…になる / 《適用範囲》(1)《動詞に伴って》『…に対して』,に,へ / (2)《形容詞[句]・[代]名倍に伴って》『…に対して』 / 《程度・範囲》『…[に至る]まで』 / 《時間の終り》『…まで』(till) / 《to one's+『名』の形で》(…が)『…したことに[は]』 / 《比較・対比・割合》『…と比べて』,より,に対して / 《一致・適合》『…に合わせて』,に合って,に応じて / 《目的・意図》『…のために』 / 《運命・境遇》『…に』 / 《所属・関係》『…へ』,に[対して] / 《付加・付着・固執》『…に』 / 《対立・対向》…に[対して] / いつもの状態(位置)に / 停止(閉鎖)の状態に / 活動状態に(へ),仕事に
《名詞的用法》『…すること』 / 《形容詞的用法》『…するための,すべき』 / 《副詞的用法》『…するために』,して,するとは,すれば / 《独立用法》 / 《文全体を修飾する慣用語句》…すれば,してみると,…だが / 短縮文

UpToDate Contents

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1. 小児における急性上気道閉塞の緊急評価 emergent evaluation of acute upper airway obstruction in children
2. ダウン症：臨床的特徴および診断 down syndrome clinical features and diagnosis
3. ダウン症候群：出生前スクリーニングの概要 down syndrome prenatal screening overview
4. ダウン症および18トリソミーに対するスクリーニングのための、妊娠初期におけるcombined testおよびintegrated test first trimester combined test and integrated tests for screening for down syndrome and trisomy 18
5. ダウン症の母体血清スクリーニングに関する臨床検査の問題 laboratory issues related to maternal serum screening for down syndrome

English Journal

Genes involved in immunity and apoptosis are associated with human presbycusis based on microarray analysis.

Dong Y1, Li M, Liu P, Song H, Zhao Y, Shi J.
Acta oto-laryngologica.Acta Otolaryngol.2014 Jun;134(6):601-8. doi: 10.3109/00016489.2014.880795. Epub 2014 Feb 20.
Abstract Conclusions: Genes involved in immunity and apoptosis were associated with human presbycusis. CCR3 and GILZ played an important role in the pathogenesis of presbycusis, probably through regulating chemokine receptor, T-cell apoptosis, or T-cell activation pathways. Objectives: To identify g
PMID 24552194

Resubmission of PAIN - D- 14-11904: Prevention of NKCC1 phosphorylation avoids down-regulation of KCC2 in central sensory pathways and reduces neuropathic pain after peripheral nerve injury.

Mòdol L1, Cobianchi S1, Navarro X2.
Pain.Pain.2014 May 8. pii: S0304-3959(14)00224-3. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2014.05.004. [Epub ahead of print]
Neuropathic pain after peripheral nerve injury is characterized by loss of inhibition in both peripheral and central pain pathways. In the adult nervous system, the Na+-K+-2Cl- (NKCC1) and neuron-specific K+-Cl- (KCC2) co-transporters are involved in setting the strength and polarity of GABAergic/Gl
PMID 24813295

Safety, Efficacy, and Hearing Preservation Using an Integrated Electro-Acoustic Stimulation Hearing System.

Mahmoud AF1, Massa ST, Douberly SL, Montes ML, Ruckenstein MJ.
Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology.Otol Neurotol.2014 May 2. [Epub ahead of print]
OBJECTIVE: To determine the safety, efficacy, and potential for hearing preservation of an electroacoustic hearing system in patients with severe high-frequency and moderate low-frequency hearing loss.PATIENTS: Five patients were included in this study with steeply down-sloping sensorineural hearing
PMID 24797566

Japanese Journal

一般座標系を適用した河川の津波遡上計算～利根川における東北地方太平洋沖地震津波の再現～

二階堂竜司,青木伸一,田村浩敏,神保正暢,栗山広宣
土木学会論文集Ｂ３（海洋開発） 70(2), I_295-I_300, 2014
　本研究は，一般座標系と直交座標系の数値シミュレーションモデルを用いて，矩形のモデル河道および利根川を対象に津波の河川遡上計算を行い，津波遡上の水位特性の把握と再現計算精度の向上を検討したものである．　矩形のモデル河道の津波遡上計算では，直交座標系の計算結果が堤防壁たて際で不自然に高く（もしくは低く）なり最大水位縦断分布が凹凸形状となっていたのに対し，堤防壁たて位置に適合した一般座標系の計算結果で …
NAID 130004697296

韓国語ソウル方言における上昇下降音調の語用論的機能 : 日本語東京方言の終助詞「よ」との比較を通して(人間の言語処理と学習)

金英周
電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. TL, 思考と言語 113(174), 19-24, 2013-07-27
韓国語ソウル方言には,さまざまなタイプの文末(境界)音調があることが知られている(Jun, 2000; Park, 2013). しかし,それぞれの音調がどのような語用論的機能を担っているのかは,まだ十分に明らかにされていない.本研究では,ピッチの上昇及び下降に持続時間の増加を伴う特徴的な文末音調を対象に,日本語東京方言の終助詞「よ」と比較しつつ,その語用論的機能を検討する.
NAID 110009805917

土壌特性・土層構成に基づく利根川流域内農耕地における硝酸イオンの地下水到達時間の面的推定

坂口敦,加藤英孝,家田浩之 [他],中野恵子
日本土壌肥料學雜誌 84(2), 90-99, 2013-04-05
農耕地から溶脱した硝酸イオンの地下水到達時間は,土壌・地形および気象的要因により大きく異なりうる.利根川流域内の水田を除く農耕地を対象として地下水到達時間の面的予測を行った.土層構成が既知の213地点について,浅層地下水位,年間の正味浸入水量および体積含水率と遅延係数の土壌断面内分布を推定し,ピストン置換を仮定して,土壌表面に存在した水および硝酸イオンの浅層地下水面への到達時間を求めた.浅層地下水 …
NAID 110009766631