superior orbital fissure

上眼窩裂

WordNet

1. of or characteristic of high rank or importance; "a superior ruler"
2. one of greater rank or station or quality (同)higher-up, superordinate
3. the head of a religious community
4. (often followed by `to'
5. (sometimes followed by `to'
6. having an orbit farther from the sun than the Earths orbit; "Mars and Jupiter are the closest in of the superior planets"
7. of high or superior quality or performance; "superior wisdom derived from experience"; "superior math students"
8. the (usually elliptical) path described by one celestial body in its revolution about another; "he plotted the orbit of the moon" (同)celestial orbit
9. the path of an electron around the nucleus of an atom (同)electron orbit
10. of or relating to the eye socket; "orbital scale"; "orbital arch"
11. of or relating to an orbit; "orbital revolution"; "orbital velocity"
12. break into fissures or fine cracks
13. (anatomy) a long narrow slit or groove that divides an organ into lobes
14. a town in northwest Wisconsin on Lake Superior across from Duluth

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (程度・質が)『普通(平均)以上に優れた』,優秀な / (地位・階級などが)『上位の』,上級の,目上の / (数量的に)勝る,優勢な / (用動が)偉ぶった,高慢な / 《補語にのみ用いて》(…に)屈しない,動じない《+to+名》 / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》(動・植物の器官や部分が)上位の,上についている / (地位・階級などが)『上位の人』,上役,上司,先輩 / 『いっそう優れた人』 / 《しばしば S-》修道院長
2. (天体・人工衛星の)『軌道』;軌道の1周 / (活動・影響・知識の)範囲 / (軌道に沿って)…‘の'周りを回る / 〈人工衛星〉‘を'軌道に乗せる / 軌道に沿って回る,軌道に乗る
3. 軌道の
4. (細長い)裂け目,亀裂(きれつ)(crack)
5. スペリオル湖(lake~;北米五大湖中で最北最大のもの)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/11/21 19:13:55」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Superior orbital fissure
1 Foramen ethmoidale, 2 Canalis opticus, 3 Fissura orbitalis superior, 4 Fossa sacci lacrimalis, 5 Sulcus infraorbitalis, 6 Fissura orbitalis inferior, 7 Foramen infraorbitale
Dissection showing origins of right ocular muscles, and nerves entering by the superior orbital fissure.
Latin	fissura orbitalis superior
Gray's	subject #201 900

The superior orbital fissure is a foramen in the skull, although strictly it is more of a cleft, lying between the lesser and greater wings of the sphenoid bone.

Structures passing through

A number of important anatomical structures pass through the fissure, and these can be damaged in orbital trauma, particularly blowout fractures through the floor of the orbit into the maxillary sinus. These structures are:

• superior and inferior divisions of oculomotor nerve (III)
• trochlear nerve (IV)
• lacrimal, frontal and nasociliary branches of ophthalmic (V₁).
• abducens nerve (VI)
• superior and inferior divisions of ophthalmic vein. Inferior division also passes through the inferior orbital fissure.
• sympathetic fibers from cavernous plexus

These include nonvisual sensory messages, such as pain, or motor nerves. They also serve as vascular connections.

Human skull from front and behind with calvarium removed. White area in posterior of orbital cavity is the superior orbital fissure.

The nerves passing through the fissure can be remembered with the mnemonic, "Live Frankly To See Absolutely No Insult" - for Lacrimal, Frontal, Trochlear, Superior Division of Oculomotor, Abducens, Nasociliary and Inferior Division of Oculomotor nerve.

It is divided into 3 parts from lateral to medial: Lateral Part transmits: lacrimal nerve, frontal nerve, trochlear nerve, meningeal branch of lacrimal artery, anastomotic branch of middle meningeal artery which anastomoses with recurrent branch of the lacrimal artery Middle Part transmits: Upper and lower divisions of the oculomotor nerve, nasociliary nerve between the two divisions of oculomotor nerve and abducent nerve Medial Part transmits: Superior ophthalmic vein and sympathetic nerves from the plexus around internal carotid artery

Pathology

The abducens nerve is most likely to show signs of damage first, with the most common complaints retro-orbital pain and the involvement of cranial nerves III, IV, V1, and VI without other neurological signs or symptoms. This presentation indicates either compression of structures in the superior orbital fissure or the cavernous sinus.

Superior orbital fissure syndrome

Superior orbital fissure syndrome, also known as Rochon-Duvigneaud's syndrome, is a neurological disorder that results if the superior orbital fissure is fractured. Involvement of the cranial nerves that pass through the superior orbital fissure may lead to diplopia, paralysis of extraocular motions, exophthalmos, and ptosis. Blindness or loss of vision indicates involvement of the orbital apex, which is more serious, requiring urgent surgical intervention. Typically, if blindness is present with superior orbital syndrome, it is called orbital apex syndrome.

Additional images

Sphenoid bone. Upper surface  Sphenoid bone. Upper and posterior surfaces  The skull from the front  Photo of skull with major foramina labeled

See also

• Foramina of skull
• Inferior orbital fissure

References

External links

• SUNY Figs 22:02-04
• lesson3 at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (orbitforamina) (#2)
• cranialnerves at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (V)
• Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator, at Elsevier 34256.000-1
• Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator, at Elsevier 34257.000-2

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

• 1. 成人における第三脳神経（動眼神経）麻痺 third cranial nerve oculomotor nerve palsy in adults
• 2. 救急外来における眼部損傷の概要 overview of eye injuries in the emergency department
• 3. 眼窩骨折 orbital fractures
• 4. 小児における第3脳神経（動眼神経）麻痺 third cranial nerve oculomotor nerve palsy in children
• 5. 眼窩蜂巣炎 orbital cellulitis

English Journal

• Different ophthalmic artery origins: Embryology and clinical significance.

• Louw L1.
• Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.).Clin Anat.2015 Jul;28(5):576-83. doi: 10.1002/ca.22470. Epub 2014 Sep 25.
• This retrospective study gives a summary of ophthalmic artery (OA) variations to serve as guidelines for surgical interventionists and trainees. Pubmed and Medline searches were conducted. The OA usually arises intradurally (superomedial, anteromedial, or rarely superolateral) from the internal caro
• PMID 25255996

• Microsurgical and histological identification and definition of an interdural incision zone in the dorsolateral cavernous sinus.

• Kinzel A1, Spangenberg P, Lutz S, Lücke S, Harders A, Scholz M, Petridis AK.
• Acta neurochirurgica.Acta Neurochir (Wien).2015 Jun 12. [Epub ahead of print]
• OBJECTIVES: The anatomy of the cavernous sinus is described controversially in a number of publications. In the present cadaveric study, the architecture of the dorsolateral wall of the cavernous sinus is studied microsurgically and histologically.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty cadaveric skulls have
• PMID 26066535

• Total removal of a trigeminal schwannoma via the expanded endoscopic endonasal approach. Technical note.

• Jacquesson T1, Berhouma M, Picart T, Jouanneau E.
• Acta neurochirurgica.Acta Neurochir (Wien).2015 Jun;157(6):935-8. doi: 10.1007/s00701-015-2409-5. Epub 2015 Apr 7.
• BACKGROUND: Because of their deep location surrounded by closed numerous neurovascular structures, skull base tumors of the cavernous sinus are still difficult to manage. Recently, the endoscopic endonasal approach commonly used for pituitary tumor resection has been "expanded" to the parasellar, in
• PMID 25845553

Japanese Journal

• Orbitozygomatic approachとextradural temporopolar approach:—手術の工夫—

• 脳神経外科ジャーナル 23(10), 785-793, 2014
• NAID 130004700967

• IC-PC大型動脈瘤に対する前床突起切除:─適応，方法，注意点─

• 脳卒中の外科 42(4), 288-293, 2014
• NAID 130004699320

• 臨床報告 園芸用支柱による上眼窩裂症候群の1例

• 眼科 55(7), 843-847, 2013-07
• NAID 40019753219

Related Links

• Superior orbital fissureとは - goo Wikipedia (ウィキペディア)

Orbit seen from the front, with bones labeled in different colors, and superior orbital fissure at center as an "hour-glass" formation.

• Superior orbital fissure | definition of superior orbital fissure ...

9) Geraghty and Dolan reported that the complete diagnostic criteria for MSH are (1) enlargement of the vertical orbit, (2) enlargement of the superior orbital fissure, (3) elevation of the canine fossa, (4) enlargement of the ...

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「上眼窩裂」
関連記事	「superior」「orbit」「orbital」「superio」「fissure」

「上眼窩裂」

　　[★]

英

superior orbital fissure

ラ

fissura orbitalis superior

関

眼窩

上眼窩裂を通るもの(眼窩を参照)

解剖	血管	神経
上眼窩裂	上眼静脈	滑車神経	CN IV
		涙腺神経	CN V1
		前頭神経	CN V1
		動眼神経	CN III
		鼻毛様体神経	CN V1
		外転神経	CN VI
		交感神経
総腱輪の内
総腱輪の外

Henry Gray (1825-1861). Anatomy of the Human Body. 1918.

「superior」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 優位な, 優れた, 上の, 上方の, 上位の

関

dominance、dominant、dominantly、epi、epistasis、epistatic、excellent、good、predominately、senior、superio、superiorly、supra

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「orbit」

　　[★]

• n.

• 眼窩。眼球孔。軌道。範囲、領域。電子軌道。

• vi.

• 軌道にのる

• vt.

• 軌道を回る、軌道に乗せる、～の周りを回る、～を周回する

　 　 　

「orbital」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 軌道の、眼窩の、(物理)電子軌道、軌道関数

関

orbit、trajectory

　 　 　

「superio」

　　[★]

• comb form.

• 上位、上

関

epi、epistasis、epistatic、senior、superior、supra

「fissure」

　　[★]

• n.

• 亀裂、割れ目、裂け目、ひび、分裂