WordNet

of or characteristic of high rank or importance; "a superior ruler"
one of greater rank or station or quality (同)higher-up, superordinate
the head of a religious community
(often followed by `to'
(sometimes followed by `to'
having an orbit farther from the sun than the Earths orbit; "Mars and Jupiter are the closest in of the superior planets"
of high or superior quality or performance; "superior wisdom derived from experience"; "superior math students"
of or relating to the eye socket; "orbital scale"; "orbital arch"
of or relating to an orbit; "orbital revolution"; "orbital velocity"
a town in northwest Wisconsin on Lake Superior across from Duluth

PrepTutorEJDIC

(程度・質が)『普通(平均)以上に優れた』,優秀な / (地位・階級などが)『上位の』,上級の,目上の / (数量的に)勝る,優勢な / (用動が)偉ぶった,高慢な / 《補語にのみ用いて》(…に)屈しない,動じない《+to+名》 / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》(動・植物の器官や部分が)上位の,上についている / (地位・階級などが)『上位の人』,上役,上司,先輩 / 『いっそう優れた人』 / 《しばしば S-》修道院長
軌道の
スペリオル湖(lake~;北米五大湖中で最北最大のもの)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/04/28 05:10:53」(JST)

wiki en

The superior orbital fissure is a foramen in the skull, although strictly it is more of a cleft, lying between the lesser and greater wings of the sphenoid bone.

Structures passing through

A number of important anatomical structures pass through the fissure, and these can be damaged in orbital trauma, particularly blowout fractures through the floor of the orbit into the maxillary sinus. These structures are:

superior and inferior divisions of oculomotor nerve (III)
trochlear nerve (IV)
lacrimal, frontal and nasociliary branches of ophthalmic (V₁).
abducens nerve (VI)
superior and inferior divisions of ophthalmic vein. Inferior division also passes through the inferior orbital fissure.
sympathetic fibers from cavernous plexus

These include nonvisual sensory messages, such as pain, or motor nerves. They also serve as vascular connections. ^[1]

The nerves passing through the fissure can be remembered with the mnemonic, "Live Frankly To See Absolutely No Insult" - for Lacrimal, Frontal, Trochlear, Superior Division of Oculomotor, Abducens, Nasociliary and Inferior Division of Oculomotor nerve. ^[2]

It is divided into 3 parts from lateral to medial: Lateral Part transmits: lacrimal nerve, frontal nerve, trochlear nerve, meningeal branch of lacrimal artery, anastomotic branch of middle meningeal artery which anastomoses with recurrent branch of the lacrimal artery Middle Part transmits: Upper and lower divisions of the oculomotor nerve, nasociliary nerve between the two divisions of oculomotor nerve and abducent nerve Medial Part transmits: Superior ophthalmic vein and sympathetic nerves from the plexus around internal carotid artery

Pathology

The abducens nerve is most likely to show signs of damage first, with the most common complaints retro-orbital pain and the involvement of cranial nerves III, IV, V1, and VI without other neurological signs or symptoms. This presentation indicates either compression of structures in the superior orbital fissure or the cavernous sinus.

Superior orbital fissure syndrome

Superior orbital fissure syndrome, also known as Rochon-Duvigneaud's syndrome, ^[3]^[4] is a neurological disorder that results if the superior orbital fissure is fractured. Involvement of the cranial nerves that pass through the superior orbital fissure may lead to diplopia, paralysis of extraocular motions, exophthalmos, and ptosis. Blindness or loss of vision indicates involvement of the orbital apex, which is more serious, requiring urgent surgical intervention. Typically, if blindness is present with superior orbital syndrome, it is called orbital apex syndrome.

Additional images

Sphenoid bone. Upper surface
Sphenoid bone. Upper and posterior surfaces
The skull from the front
Photo of skull with major foramina labeled
Dissection showing origins of right ocular muscles, and nerves entering by the
Human skull from front and behind with calvarium removed. White area in posterior of orbital cavity is the superior orbital fissure.
Superior orbital fissure.

References

^ "eye, human."Encyclopædia Britannica from Encyclopædia Britannica 2006 Ultimate Reference Suite DVD
^ "Superior orbital fissure: Structures passing through". LifeHugger. Retrieved 2009-12-11.
^ synd/3387 at Who Named It?
^ A. Rochon-Duvigneaud. Quelques cas de paralysie de tous les nerfs orbitaires (ophthalmoplegie totale avec amaurosse en anesthésie dans le domaine de l’ophthalmique d’origine syphilitique). Archives d'ophthalmologie, Paris, 1896, 16: 746-760.

External links

SUNY Figs 22:02-04
lesson3 at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (orbitforamina) (#2)
cranialnerves at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (V)
Anatomy diagram: 34256.000-1 at Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator, Elsevier
Anatomy diagram: 34257.000-2 at Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator, Elsevier

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. トロサハント症候群 tolosa hunt syndrome
2. 成人における急性副鼻腔炎および鼻副鼻腔炎：治療 acute sinusitis and rhinosinusitis in adults treatment
3. 眼窩骨折 orbital fractures
4. 悪性腫瘍関連上大静脈症候群 malignancy related superior vena cava syndrome
5. 女性骨盤の外科解剖学 surgical female pelvic anatomy

English Journal

[MRI diagnosis of painful ophthalmoplegia syndrome].

Shi D, Li S, Dou S.SourceImaging Department, Henan Province People Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
[Zhonghua yan ke za zhi] Chinese journal of ophthalmology.Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi.2001 Jan;37(1):40-2.
OBJECTIVE: To study MRI appearances of painful ophthalmoplegia syndrome and provide image basis for clinical diagnosis of painful ophthalmoplegia syndrome.METHODS: Seventeen cases with painful ophthalmoplegia syndrome diagnosed clinically were collected. MRI ordinary scan and gadolinium-diethylene t
PMID 11864388

[Traumatic superior orbital fissure syndrome].

Hansen JA, Møller MN.AbstractA 7-year old boy was referred owing to suspicion of a lesion of the lacrymal canal, after having been hit on his head by a bale of straw weighing 400-500 kilos. The patient developed a fissura orbitalis superior syndrome (FOSS), despite the fact that radioscopy could not prove any fracture or other lesions to explain the case. FOSS is a rarely reported syndrome. There is no treatment, normally there will be a complete recovery in the course of three to four months.
Ugeskrift for laeger.Ugeskr Laeger.1994 May 30;156(22):3329-30.
A 7-year old boy was referred owing to suspicion of a lesion of the lacrymal canal, after having been hit on his head by a bale of straw weighing 400-500 kilos. The patient developed a fissura orbitalis superior syndrome (FOSS), despite the fact that radioscopy could not prove any fracture or other
PMID 8066854

Japanese Journal

鼻咽腔悪性腫瘍特にレ線検査および脳神経症状による病巣診断について

鈴木安恒 [他],三宅浩郷,早崎弘晃,犬山征夫,斎藤瑛,藤井安彦,堀正人
日本耳鼻咽喉科学会会報 69(8), 1497-1511, 1966
… frontal and lateral view of the skull also presents soft tissue tumor in the posterior wall of the nasopharynx and bony erosions of atlas, axis and condylus occipitalis, etc(Fig.24, 25, 26).Laminagraphy (Fig.27, 28, 29, 30, 31), contrast nasopharyngography(Fig.32, 33) and cerebral angiography are also valuable in some cases(Fig.34).The modified occipito-mental view is the most fit for observing foramen rotundum and fissura orbitalis superior(Fig.35) and Rhese's projection for canalis opticus(Fig.36, …
NAID 130000803280

最近経験した歯性副鼻腔炎による動眼神経麻痺,前頭骨骨髄炎並びに眼窩漏斗尖端部症候群症例

村上郁夫
日本耳鼻咽喉科学会会報 67(2), 134-145, 1964
… In the first case, of a54 year-old woman, the decompressions-method of fissura orbitalis superior by transethmoidal route was performed after complete pansinectomy. …
NAID 130000802448

「上眼窩裂」

Superior orbital fissure
	; Orbit seen from the front, with bones labeled in different colors, and superior orbital fissure at center as an "hour-glass" formation.
	; 1 Foramen ethmoidale, 2 Canalis opticus, 3 Fissura orbitalis superior, 4 Fossa sacci lacrimalis, 5 Sulcus infraorbitalis, 6 Fissura orbitalis inferior, 7 Foramen infraorbitale
Latin	fissura orbitalis superior
Gray's	p.900
	Anatomical terms of bone

　　[★]

英: superior orbital fissure
ラ: fissura orbitalis superior
関: 眼窩

上眼窩裂を通るもの(眼窩を参照)

解剖	血管	神経
上眼窩裂	上眼静脈	滑車神経	CN IV
		涙腺神経	CN V1
		前頭神経	CN V1
		動眼神経	CN III
		鼻毛様体神経	CN V1
		外転神経	CN VI
		交感神経

総腱輪の内
総腱輪の外

Henry Gray (1825-1861). Anatomy of the Human Body. 1918.

「superior」

　　[★]

adj.

優位な, 優れた, 上の, 上方の, 上位の

関: dominance、dominant、dominantly、epi、epistasis、epistatic、excellent、good、predominately、senior、superio、superiorly、supra

「orbital」

　　[★]

adj.

軌道の、眼窩の、(物理)電子軌道、軌道関数

関: orbit、trajectory

「superio」

　　[★]

comb form.

上位、上

関: epi、epistasis、epistatic、senior、superior、supra

[1] "eye, human."Encyclopædia Britannica from Encyclopædia Britannica 2006 Ultimate Reference Suite DVD

[LHC-2] "Superior orbital fissure: Structures passing through". LifeHugger. Retrieved 2009-12-11.

[3] synd/3387 at Who Named It?

[4] A. Rochon-Duvigneaud. Quelques cas de paralysie de tous les nerfs orbitaires (ophthalmoplegie totale avec amaurosse en anesthésie dans le domaine de l’ophthalmique d’origine syphilitique). Archives d'ophthalmologie, Paris, 1896, 16: 746-760.

リンク元	「上眼窩裂」
関連記事	「superior」「orbital」「superio」

匿名

検索

案内

案内

fissura orbitalis superior