針先瞳孔
WordNet
- the contractile aperture in the center of the iris of the eye; resembles a large black dot
- young of any of various canines such as a dog or wolf (同)whelp
- a small puncture that might have been made by a pin
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (一般にschoolに学ぶ)『生徒』;(個人指導を受けている)生徒,門下生,弟子
- ひとみ,瞳孔(どうこう)
- =puppy / (キツネ・オオカミ・アザラシなどの)子 / 〈雌犬が〉子犬を生む
- 針穴;(一般に)ごく小さい穴
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- [Development and First Results of Fast and Cost-Effective Examination Methods for an Ophthalmological Screening within the National Cohort].
- Leitritz MA, Hense HW, Schiefer U, Nagel M, Greiser H, Linseisen J, Heid I, Fischer B, Thierry S, Bartz-Schmidt KU, Ueffing M.Author information Department für Augenheilkunde, Universitäts-Augenklinik Tübingen.AbstractBackground: For an implemented ophthalmological screening within a German long-term cohort study (National Cohort) simple and effective methods for an examination of visual acuity and for non-mydriatic retina photografies should be evaluated. Furthermore standard operating-procedures (SOP) should be developed. Methods: In the years 2011 and 2012 pinhole visual acuity measurements and automated retina photographies (DRS, CenterVue S. p. a., Padua, Italy) were made at three different epidemiological study centers within Germany. Furthermore, anterior segment images were taken by the camera. Standard operating procedures (SOP) regarding the ophthalmological screening were developed and evaluated within the study. The main question was whether it is possible to implement the screening methods within the National Cohort. Further main outcomes were quality and interpretability of the taken images. Results: 457 subjects (914 eyes) were examined within the investigation. Median VA was 0.8 for right and left eyes (p > 0.42). Image quality of the photographies was good in 491 cases (54 %), fair in 239 cases (26 %) and bad in 179 cases (20 %). The usability of the images was without limitations in 686 cases (75 %), limited in 152 cases (17 %) and not given in 71 cases (8 %). Increasing age of the subjects was slightly correlated with decreasing image quality (r = 0.26) and decreasing image usability (r = 0.2). Anterior segment photographies were usable in 176 eyes (56 %). Conclusion: The developed screening method fulfilled the specifications of the National Cohort. The used pinhole visual acuity examination was fast and cheap. Image quality and usability of the retina photographies could be improved with prolonged pupil recovery times. The quality of the anterior segment images could not fulfill the expectations and were taken out of the further examinations of the ophthalmological screening. The written SOP showed good acceptance within the investigators' daily routine. The ophthalmological screening within the National Cohort generates information (e. g., pathologies of the vessels or of the retina) which are useful not only from an ophthalmological point of view.
- Klinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde.Klin Monbl Augenheilkd.2013 Dec;230(12):1238-46. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1350685. Epub 2013 Oct 8.
- Background: For an implemented ophthalmological screening within a German long-term cohort study (National Cohort) simple and effective methods for an examination of visual acuity and for non-mydriatic retina photografies should be evaluated. Furthermore standard operating-procedures (SOP) should be
- PMID 24104960
- In vivo dark-field imaging of the retinal pigment epithelium cell mosaic.
- Scoles D, Sulai YN, Dubra A.Author information Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA.AbstractNon-invasive reflectance imaging of the human RPE cell mosaic is demonstrated using a modified confocal adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscope (AOSLO). The confocal circular aperture in front of the imaging detector was replaced with a combination of a circular aperture 4 to 16 Airy disks in diameter and an opaque filament, 1 or 3 Airy disks thick. This arrangement reveals the RPE cell mosaic by dramatically attenuating the light backscattered by the photoreceptors. The RPE cell mosaic was visualized in all 7 recruited subjects at multiple retinal locations with varying degrees of contrast and cross-talk from the photoreceptors. Various experimental settings were explored for improving the visualization of the RPE cell boundaries including: pinhole diameter, filament thickness, illumination and imaging pupil apodization, unmatched imaging and illumination focus, wavelength and polarization. None of these offered an obvious path for enhancing image contrast. The demonstrated implementation of dark-field AOSLO imaging using 790 nm light requires low light exposures relative to light safety standards and it is more comfortable for the subject than the traditional autofluorescence RPE imaging with visible light. Both these factors make RPE dark-field imaging appealing for studying mechanisms of eye disease, as well as a clinical tool for screening and monitoring disease progression.
- Biomedical optics express.Biomed Opt Express.2013 Aug 23;4(9):1710-23. doi: 10.1364/BOE.4.001710. eCollection 2013.
- Non-invasive reflectance imaging of the human RPE cell mosaic is demonstrated using a modified confocal adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscope (AOSLO). The confocal circular aperture in front of the imaging detector was replaced with a combination of a circular aperture 4 to 16 Airy disks in
- PMID 24049692
- Visual performance comparison between contact lens-based pinhole and simultaneous vision contact lenses.
- García-Lázaro S, Albarrán-Diego C, Ferrer-Blasco T, Radhakrishnan H, Montés-Micó R.Author information Optometry Research Group, Optics Department, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. santiago.garcia-lazaro@uv.esAbstractBACKGROUND: The aim was to evaluate the visual performance provided with a contact lens-based pinhole design against a simultaneous vision multifocal contact lens.
- Clinical & experimental optometry : journal of the Australian Optometrical Association.Clin Exp Optom.2013 Jan;96(1):46-52. doi: 10.1111/j.1444-0938.2012.00791.x. Epub 2012 Sep 7.
- BACKGROUND: The aim was to evaluate the visual performance provided with a contact lens-based pinhole design against a simultaneous vision multifocal contact lens.METHODS: In a cross-over study at the University of Valencia, 22 presbyopic patients were evaluated using an artificial pupil fitted on t
- PMID 22957771
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- pinpoint pupils
- 同
- 針穴瞳孔 pinhole pupil
- 関
- 瞳孔、縮瞳
[show details]
鑑別疾患
[★]
- 英
- pinhole pupil
針先瞳孔
[★]
子
- 関
- child、filial
[★]