Aminohippuric acid or para-aminohippuric acid (PAH), a derivative of hippuric acid, is a diagnostic agent useful in medical tests involving the kidney used in the measurement of renal plasma flow. It is an amide derivative of the amino acid glycine and para-aminobenzoic acid that is not naturally found in humans; it needs to be IV infused before diagnostic use.
Contents
1Uses
1.1Diagnostics
1.2Pharmaceuticals
2Other
3See also
4References
Uses
Diagnostics
PAH is useful for the measurement of renal plasma flow.[1]
The renal extraction ratio of PAH in a normal individual is approximately 0.92.[2]
Pharmaceuticals
Aminohippuric acid is often used as the sodium salt sodium para-aminohippurate. During World War II, para-aminohippurate was given along with penicillin in order to prolong the time penicillin circulated in the blood. Because both penicillin and para-aminohippurate compete for the same transporter in the kidney, administering para-aminohippurate with penicillin decreased the clearance of penicillin from the body by the kidney, providing better antibacterial therapy. Transporters found in the kidney eliminate organic anions and cations from the blood by moving substances, in this case, drug metabolites, from blood into urine.
Other
The NSAID diclofenac is extraordinarily toxic in vultures, it interferes with the renal transport of uric acid via the PAH channel.[3]
pKa = 3.83
See also
PAH clearance
Ortho-iodohippurate
References
^Costanzo, Linda. Physiology, 4th Edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2007. Page 156-160.
^Reubi, François C. (1953-04-29). "Glomerular filtration rate, renal blood flow and blood viscosity during and after diabetic coma". Circ. Res.1 (5): 410–3. doi:10.1161/01.res.1.5.410. ISSN 0009-7330. PMID 13082682. Retrieved 2008-03-19.
^Naidoo V, Swan GE (August 2008). "Diclofenac toxicity in Gyps vulture is associated with decreased uric acid excretion and not renal portal vasoconstriction". Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C Toxicol. Pharmacol. 149 (3): 269–74. doi:10.1016/j.cbpc.2008.07.014. PMID 18727958.
v
t
e
Diagnostic agents (V04)
Digestive system
Diabetes
Glucose
Tolbutamide
Fat absorption
Vitamin A concentrates
Bile duct patency
Ceruletide
Magnesium sulfate
Sincalide
Sorbitol
Liver functional capacity
Galactose
Sulfobromophthalein
Gastric secretion
Betazole
Caffeine and sodium benzoate
Cation exchange resins
Histamine phosphate
Methylthioninium chloride
Pentagastrin
Exocrine pancreatic function
Bentiromide
Pancreozymin
cholecystokinin
Secretin
Endocrine system
Pituitary function
cortisol
Corticorelin
Metyrapone
GH
Pralmorelin
Sermorelin
Somatorelin
Thyroid function
Protirelin
Thyrotropin
Fertility disturbances
Gonadorelin
Tuberculosis
Tuberculin
Renal function
Alsactide
Aminohippuric acid
Indigo carmine
Inulin and other polyfructosans
Phenolsulfonphthalein
v
t
e
Physiology of the kidneys and acid-base physiology
Renal function
Secretion
clearance
Pharmacokinetics
Clearance of medications
Urine flow rate
Reabsorption
Solvent drag
sodium
chloride
urea
glucose
oligopeptides
protein
Renal function
Glomerular filtration rate
Creatinine clearance
Renal clearance ratio
Urea reduction ratio
Kt/V
Standardized Kt/V
Measures of dialysis
Hemodialysis product
PAH clearance (Effective renal plasma flow
Extraction ratio)
Filtration
Renal blood flow
Ultrafiltration
Countercurrent exchange
Filtration fraction
Hormones
Antidiuretic hormone
Aldosterone
Atrial natriuretic peptide
Renin
Erythropoietin
Calcitriol
Prostaglandins
Acid-base balance
Fluid balance
Darrow Yannet diagram
Body water: Intracellular fluid/Cytosol
Extracellular fluid
(Interstitial fluid
Plasma
Transcellular fluid)
Base excess
Davenport diagram
Anion gap
Arterial blood gas
Winters' formula
Buffering
Bicarbonate buffer system
Respiratory compensation
Renal compensation
Other
Fractional sodium excretion
BUN-to-creatinine ratio
Tubuloglomerular feedback
Natriuresis
Urine
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
Development and validation of an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of iohexol, p-aminohippuric acid and creatinine in porcine and broiler chicken plasma.
Dhondt L, Croubels S, De Cock P, De Paepe P, De Baere S, Devreese M.
Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences. 2019 Jun;1117()77-85.
In order to study the renal function, in terms of glomerular filtration and effective renal plasma flow, in broiler chickens and pigs, an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of iohexol, p-aminohippuric acid (PAH) and exogeno
Corrigendum to "Development and validation of an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of iohexol, p-aminohippuric acid and creatinine in porcine and broiler chicken plasma" [J. Chromatogr. B 1117 (2019) 77-85].
Dhondt L, Croubels S, De Cock P, De Paepe P, De Baere S, Devreese M.
Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences. 2019 May;().
Developmental Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Ibuprofen and Its Enantiomers in the Conventional Pig as Potential Pediatric Animal Model.
Millecam J, van Bergen T, Schauvliege S, Antonissen G, Martens A, Chiers K, Gehring R, Gasthuys E, Vande Walle J, Croubels S, Devreese M.
Frontiers in pharmacology. 2019 ;10()505.
Pediatric drug development, especially in disease areas that only affect children, can be stimulated by using juvenile animal models not only for general safety studies, but also to gain knowledge on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the drug. Recently, the conventional growing p
Association of Albuminuria With Intraglomerular Hydrostatic Pressure and Insulin Resistance in Subjects With Impaired Fasting Glucose or Impaired Glucose Tolerance
… RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS : Fifty-four kidney donors underwent 75 g oral glucose tolerance, and inulin and para-aminohippuricacid clearance testing. …
Dokkyo Journal of Medical Sciences 45(1), 27-34, 2018-03-25
… By using the cells stably expressing organic anion transporters 1 （OAT1） and 3 （OAT3） which had been previously established by us, the inhibitory effects of extracellular flavonoids （0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 100 uM） on the uptake of representative substrates,para-aminohippuricacid（PAH）for OAT1 and estrone sulfate（ES）for OAT3 were investigated. …
Packaging 10, 25, 100, 250 g in poly bottle Biochem/physiol Actions Para-Aminohippuric acid (PAH), OAT-1 specific, is used to help ... Technical Service: Our team of scientists has experience in all areas of research including Life ...
a derivative of para-aminobenzoic acid used to measure the effective renal plasma flow and to determine the functional capacity of the renal tubular excretory ... Disclaimer All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus ...