WordNet

of or characteristic of high rank or importance; "a superior ruler"
one of greater rank or station or quality (同)higher-up, superordinate
the head of a religious community
(often followed by `to'
(sometimes followed by `to'
having an orbit farther from the sun than the Earths orbit; "Mars and Jupiter are the closest in of the superior planets"
of high or superior quality or performance; "superior wisdom derived from experience"; "superior math students"
located at or near or behind a part or near the end of a structure
a town in northwest Wisconsin on Lake Superior across from Duluth
any of several muscles of the trunk (同)serratus muscles

PrepTutorEJDIC

(程度・質が)『普通(平均)以上に優れた』,優秀な / (地位・階級などが)『上位の』,上級の,目上の / (数量的に)勝る,優勢な / (用動が)偉ぶった,高慢な / 《補語にのみ用いて》(…に)屈しない,動じない《+to+名》 / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》(動・植物の器官や部分が)上位の,上についている / (地位・階級などが)『上位の人』,上役,上司,先輩 / 『いっそう優れた人』 / 《しばしば S-》修道院長
《名詞の前にのみ用いて》(生物学的に,位置が)後ろの,後部の / (時間・順序が)後の;(…より)後の《+『to』+『名』》(later) / しり(buttocks)
スペリオル湖(lake~;北米五大湖中で最北最大のもの)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/04/22 15:54:49」(JST)

wiki en

The serratus posterior superior is a thin, quadrilateral muscle, situated at the upper and back part of the thorax, deep to the rhomboid muscles.

It arises by a thin and broad aponeurosis from the lower part of the ligamentum nuchae, from the spinous processes of the seventh cervical and upper two or three thoracic vertebrae and from the supraspinal ligament.

Inclining downward and lateralward it becomes muscular, and is inserted, by four fleshy digitations, into the upper borders of the second, third, fourth, and fifth ribs, a little beyond their angles.

The function of serratus posterior superior is to elevate second to fifth ribs, which aids deep inspiration.

Additional images

Position of serratus posterior superior muscle (shown in red).
Serratus posterior superior muscles are labeled at center left and center right.

References

Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 4th ed. Keith L. Moore and Arthur F. Dalley.
Board Review Series: Gross Anatomy, 4th ed. Kyung Won Chung.

This article incorporates text from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Serratus posterior superior muscles.

Origin, insertion and nerve supply of the muscle at Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine
Serratus+posterior+superior at eMedicine Dictionary
SUNY Figs 01:05-02 - "Intermediate layer of the extrinsic muscles of the back, deep muscles."

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UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

The thoracolumbar fascia: anatomy, function and clinical considerations.

Willard FH1, Vleeming A, Schuenke MD, Danneels L, Schleip R.Author information 1Department of Anatomy, University of New England College of Osteopathic Medicine, Biddeford, ME 04005, USA. fwillard@une.eduAbstractIn this overview, new and existent material on the organization and composition of the thoracolumbar fascia (TLF) will be evaluated in respect to its anatomy, innervation biomechanics and clinical relevance. The integration of the passive connective tissues of the TLF and active muscular structures surrounding this structure are discussed, and the relevance of their mutual interactions in relation to low back and pelvic pain reviewed. The TLF is a girdling structure consisting of several aponeurotic and fascial layers that separates the paraspinal muscles from the muscles of the posterior abdominal wall. The superficial lamina of the posterior layer of the TLF (PLF) is dominated by the aponeuroses of the latissimus dorsi and the serratus posterior inferior. The deeper lamina of the PLF forms an encapsulating retinacular sheath around the paraspinal muscles. The middle layer of the TLF (MLF) appears to derive from an intermuscular septum that developmentally separates the epaxial from the hypaxial musculature. This septum forms during the fifth and sixth weeks of gestation. The paraspinal retinacular sheath (PRS) is in a key position to act as a 'hydraulic amplifier', assisting the paraspinal muscles in supporting the lumbosacral spine. This sheath forms a lumbar interfascial triangle (LIFT) with the MLF and PLF. Along the lateral border of the PRS, a raphe forms where the sheath meets the aponeurosis of the transversus abdominis. This lateral raphe is a thickened complex of dense connective tissue marked by the presence of the LIFT, and represents the junction of the hypaxial myofascial compartment (the abdominal muscles) with the paraspinal sheath of the epaxial muscles. The lateral raphe is in a position to distribute tension from the surrounding hypaxial and extremity muscles into the layers of the TLF. At the base of the lumbar spine all of the layers of the TLF fuse together into a thick composite that attaches firmly to the posterior superior iliac spine and the sacrotuberous ligament. This thoracolumbar composite (TLC) is in a position to assist in maintaining the integrity of the lower lumbar spine and the sacroiliac joint. The three-dimensional structure of the TLF and its caudally positioned composite will be analyzed in light of recent studies concerning the cellular organization of fascia, as well as its innervation. Finally, the concept of a TLC will be used to reassess biomechanical models of lumbopelvic stability, static posture and movement.
Journal of anatomy.J Anat.2012 Dec;221(6):507-36. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2012.01511.x. Epub 2012 May 27.
In this overview, new and existent material on the organization and composition of the thoracolumbar fascia (TLF) will be evaluated in respect to its anatomy, innervation biomechanics and clinical relevance. The integration of the passive connective tissues of the TLF and active muscular structures
PMID 22630613

Scapular and rotator cuff muscle activity during arm elevation: A review of normal function and alterations with shoulder impingement.

Phadke V1, Camargo P, Ludewig P.Author information 1Program in Rehabilitation Science, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.AbstractOBJECTIVE: The purpose of this manuscript is to review current knowledge of how muscle activation and force production contribute to shoulder kinematics in healthy subjects and persons with shoulder impingement.
Revista brasileira de fisioterapia (Sao Carlos (Sao Paulo, Brazil)).Rev Bras Fisioter.2009 Feb 1;13(1):1-9.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this manuscript is to review current knowledge of how muscle activation and force production contribute to shoulder kinematics in healthy subjects and persons with shoulder impingement.RESULTS: The middle and lower serratus anterior muscles produce scapular upward rotation,
PMID 20411160

Shoulder muscle activity and function in common shoulder rehabilitation exercises.

Escamilla RF1, Yamashiro K, Paulos L, Andrews JR.Author information 1Andrews-Paulos Research and Education Institute, Gulf Breeze, Florida, USA. rescamil@csus.eduAbstractThe rotator cuff performs multiple functions during shoulder exercises, including glenohumeral abduction, external rotation (ER) and internal rotation (IR). The rotator cuff also stabilizes the glenohumeral joint and controls humeral head translations. The infraspinatus and subscapularis have significant roles in scapular plane abduction (scaption), generating forces that are two to three times greater than supraspinatus force. However, the supraspinatus still remains a more effective shoulder abductor because of its more effective moment arm. Both the deltoids and rotator cuff provide significant abduction torque, with an estimated contribution up to 35-65% by the middle deltoid, 30% by the subscapularis, 25% by the supraspinatus, 10% by the infraspinatus and 2% by the anterior deltoid. During abduction, middle deltoid force has been estimated to be 434 N, followed by 323 N from the anterior deltoid, 283 N from the subscapularis, 205 N from the infraspinatus, and 117 N from the supraspinatus. These forces are generated not only to abduct the shoulder but also to stabilize the joint and neutralize the antagonistic effects of undesirable actions. Relatively high force from the rotator cuff not only helps abduct the shoulder but also neutralizes the superior directed force generated by the deltoids at lower abduction angles. Even though anterior deltoid force is relatively high, its ability to abduct the shoulder is low due to a very small moment arm, especially at low abduction angles. The deltoids are more effective abductors at higher abduction angles while the rotator cuff muscles are more effective abductors at lower abduction angles. During maximum humeral elevation the scapula normally upwardly rotates 45-55 degrees, posterior tilts 20-40 degrees and externally rotates 15-35 degrees. The scapular muscles are important during humeral elevation because they cause these motions, especially the serratus anterior, which contributes to scapular upward rotation, posterior tilt and ER. The serratus anterior also helps stabilize the medial border and inferior angle of the scapular, preventing scapular IR (winging) and anterior tilt. If normal scapular movements are disrupted by abnormal scapular muscle firing patterns, weakness, fatigue, or injury, the shoulder complex functions less efficiency and injury risk increases. Scapula position and humeral rotation can affect injury risk during humeral elevation. Compared with scapular protraction, scapular retraction has been shown to both increase subacromial space width and enhance supraspinatus force production during humeral elevation. Moreover, scapular IR and scapular anterior tilt, both of which decrease subacromial space width and increase impingement risk, are greater when performing scaption with IR ('empty can') compared with scaption with ER ('full can'). There are several exercises in the literature that exhibit high to very high activity from the rotator cuff, deltoids and scapular muscles, such as prone horizontal abduction at 100 degrees abduction with ER, flexion and abduction with ER, 'full can' and 'empty can', D1 and D2 diagonal pattern flexion and extension, ER and IR at 0 degrees and 90 degrees abduction, standing extension from 90-0 degrees , a variety of weight-bearing upper extremity exercises, such as the push-up, standing scapular dynamic hug, forward scapular punch, and rowing type exercises. Supraspinatus activity is similar between 'empty can' and 'full can' exercises, although the 'full can' results in less risk of subacromial impingement. Infraspinatus and subscapularis activity have generally been reported to be higher in the 'full can' compared with the 'empty can', while posterior deltoid activity has been reported to be higher in the 'empty can' than the 'full can'.
Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.).Sports Med.2009;39(8):663-85. doi: 10.2165/00007256-200939080-00004.
The rotator cuff performs multiple functions during shoulder exercises, including glenohumeral abduction, external rotation (ER) and internal rotation (IR). The rotator cuff also stabilizes the glenohumeral joint and controls humeral head translations. The infraspinatus and subscapularis have signif
PMID 19769415

「上後鋸筋」

Serratus posterior superior muscle
	; Thin film-like object, at center, is serratus posterior superior muscle.
Latin	Musculus serratus posterior superior
Gray's	p.404
Origin	Nuchal ligament (or ligamentum nuchae) and the spinous processes of the vertebrae C7 through T3
Insertion	The upper borders of the 2nd through 5th ribs
Artery	Intercostal arteries
Nerve	2nd through 5th intercostal nerves
Actions	Elevates the ribs which aids in inspiration
	Anatomical terms of muscle

　　[★]

英: serratus posterior superior (K), superior posterior serratus muscle
ラ: musculus serratus posterior superior
関: 下後鋸筋

僧帽筋と菱形筋の下層にある
胸郭の上部を持ち上げ吸気を補助する

「superior」

　　[★]

adj.

優位な, 優れた, 上の, 上方の, 上位の

関: dominance、dominant、dominantly、epi、epistasis、epistatic、excellent、good、predominately、senior、superio、superiorly、supra

「posterior」

　　[★]

adj.

後側の、後方の、後の

関: after、afterward、afterwards、backward、behind、following、late、post、posteriorly、subsequent

「superio」

　　[★]

comb form.

上位、上

関: epi、epistasis、epistatic、senior、superior、supra

リンク元	「上後鋸筋」
関連記事	「superior」「posterior」「superio」

匿名

検索

案内

案内

musculus serratus posterior superior