WordNet

cultivate by growing, often involving improvements by means of agricultural techniques; "The Bordeaux region produces great red wines"; "They produce good ham in Parma"; "We grow wheat here"; "We raise hogs here" (同)raise, farm, produce
come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes); "He grew a beard"; "The patient developed abdominal pains"; "I got funny spots all over my body"; "Well-developed breasts" (同)develop, produce, get, acquire
become attached by or as if by the process of growth; "The tree trunks had grown together"
become larger, greater, or bigger; expand or gain; "The problem grew too large for me"; "Her business grew fast"
cause to grow or develop; "He grows vegetables in his backyard"
increase in size by natural process; "Corn doesnt grow here"; "In these forests, mushrooms grow under the trees"; "her hair doesnt grow much anymore"
(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level; "he proposed an indicator of osseous development in children" (同)growing, maturation, development, ontogeny, ontogenesis
(pathology) an abnormal proliferation of tissue (as in a tumor)
a progression from simpler to more complex forms; "the growth of culture"
something grown or growing; "a growth of hair"
vegetation that has grown; "a growth of trees"; "the only growth was some salt grass"
be a contributing factor; "make things factor into a companys profitability"
any of the numbers (or symbols) that form a product when multiplied together
an independent variable in statistics
anything that contributes causally to a result; "a number of factors determined the outcome"
consider as relevant when making a decision; "You must factor in the recent developments" (同)factor in, factor out
resolve into factors; "a quantum computer can factor the number 15" (同)factor in, factor out

PrepTutorEJDIC

『成長する』,育つ,〈植物が〉生える,茂る / (類・量・程などにおいて)『増大する』,大きくなる / 『しだいになる』 / …‘を'成長させる,大きくする,育てる / …から生じる(起こる)
〈U〉(…の)『成長』,発育;『発達』,発展《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉(数・量,重要性・力などの)『増加』,増大,拡張《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉《修飾語[句]を伴って》栽培,生産,…産 / 〈C〉成育した物,(草,木,髪,ひげなどの)生えたもの / 〈C〉腫瘍(しゅよう)
(…の)『要因』,(…を生み出す)要素《+『in』+『名』(do『ing』)》 / 囲数,約数 / 代理人,《おもに英》仲買人 / =factorize

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/05/20 13:47:55」(JST)

wiki en

A growth factor is a naturally occurring substance capable of stimulating cellular growth,^[1] proliferation and cellular differentiation. Usually it is a protein or a steroid hormone. Growth factors are important for regulating a variety of cellular processes.

Growth factors typically act as signaling molecules between cells. Examples are cytokines and hormones that bind to specific receptors on the surface of their target cells.

They often promote cell differentiation and maturation, which varies between growth factors. For example, bone morphogenic proteins stimulate bone cell differentiation, while fibroblast growth factors and vascular endothelial growth factors stimulate blood vessel differentiation (angiogenesis).

Growth factors versus cytokines

Growth factor is sometimes used interchangeably among scientists with the term cytokine.^[2] Historically, cytokines were associated with hematopoietic (blood forming) cells and immune system cells (e.g., lymphocytes and tissue cells from spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes). For the circulatory system and bone marrow in which cells can occur in a liquid suspension and not bound up in solid tissue, it makes sense for them to communicate by soluble, circulating protein molecules. However, as different lines of research converged, it became clear that some of the same signaling proteins the hematopoietic and immune systems used were also being used by all sorts of other cells and tissues, during development and in the mature organism.

While growth factor implies a positive effect on cell division, cytokine is a neutral term with respect to whether a molecule affects proliferation. While some cytokines can be growth factors, such as G-CSF and GM-CSF, others have an inhibitory effect on cell growth or proliferation. Some cytokines, such as Fas ligand, are used as "death" signals; they cause target cells to undergo programmed cell death or apoptosis.

Classes of growth factors

Individual growth factor proteins tend to occur as members of larger families of structurally and evolutionarily related proteins. There are many families, which are listed below:

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

Adrenomedullin (AM)
Angiopoietin (Ang)
Autocrine motility factor
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs)
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)
Epidermal growth factor (EGF)
Erythropoietin (EPO)
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)
Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)
Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)
Growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF9)
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)
Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF)
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)
Migration-stimulating factor
Myostatin (GDF-8)
Nerve growth factor (NGF) and other neurotrophins
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)
Thrombopoietin (TPO)
Transforming growth factor alpha(TGF-α)
Transforming growth factor beta(TGF-β)
Tumor_necrosis_factor-alpha(TNF-α)
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)
Wnt Signaling Pathway
placental growth factor (PlGF)
[(Foetal Bovine Somatotrophin)] (FBS)
IL-1- Cofactor for IL-3 and IL-6. Activates T cells.
IL-2- T-cell growth factor. Stimulates IL-1 synthesis. Activates B-cells and NK cells.
IL-3- Stimulates production of all non-lymphoid cells.
IL-4- Growth factor for activated B cells, resting T cells, and mast cells.
IL-5- Induces differentiation of activated B cells and eosinophils.
IL-6- Stimulates Ig synthesis. Growth factor for plasma cells.
IL-7- Growth factor for pre-B cells.

Stimulates cell cycle from G0 phase to G1 phase

Uses in medicine

For the last two decades, growth factors have been increasingly used in the treatment of hematologic and oncologic diseases and cardiovascular diseases like:

neutropenia
myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)
leukemias
aplastic anaemia
bone marrow transplantation
angiogenesis for cardiovascular diseases

References

^ "growth factor" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
^ Thomas Yorio; Abbot F. Clark; Martin B. Wax (15 October 2007). Ocular Therapeutics: Eye on New Discoveries. Academic Press. pp. 88–. ISBN 978-0-12-370585-3. http://books.google.com/books?id=7jVNuIt8vm4C&pg=PA88. Retrieved 28 November 2010.

External links

MeSH Growth+Factors

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 組換え造血成長因子の概要 introduction to recombinant hematopoietic growth factors
2. 化学療法による好中球減少症を有する成人患者と、急性白血病、骨髄異形成症候群、造血細胞移植以外の病態を有する成人患者における顆粒球コロニー刺激因子の利用 use of granulocyte colony stimulating factors in adult patients with chemotherapy induced neutropenia and conditions other than acute leukemia myelodysplastic syndrome and hematopoietic cell transplantation
3. インスリン様成長因子 Iの生理学 physiology of insulin like growth factor i
4. 成長ホルモンの生理学 physiology of growth hormone
5. 血小板産生因子の臨床応用 clinical applications of thrombopoietic growth factors

English Journal

River flow is critical for vegetation dynamics: Lessons from multi-scale analysis in a hyper-arid endorheic basin.

Shen Q1, Gao G2, Lü Y3, Wang S3, Jiang X4, Fu B3.
The Science of the total environment.Sci Total Environ.2017 Dec 15;603-604:290-298. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.087. Epub 2017 Jun 23.
PMID 28628820

Epidemiological analysis of ozone and nitrogen impacts on vegetation - Critical evaluation and recommendations.

Braun S1, Achermann B2, De Marco A3, Pleijel H4, Karlsson PE5, Rihm B6, Schindler C7, Paoletti E8.
The Science of the total environment.Sci Total Environ.2017 Dec 15;603-604:785-792. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.225. Epub 2017 Apr 29.
PMID 28460840

The role of inorganic nitrogen in successful formation of granular biofilms for wastewater treatment that support cyanobacteria and bacteria.

Stauch-White K1, Srinivasan VN1, Camilla Kuo-Dahab W1, Park C1, Butler CS2.
AMB Express.AMB Express.2017 Dec;7(1):146. doi: 10.1186/s13568-017-0444-8. Epub 2017 Jul 10.
PMID 28697582

Japanese Journal

脱毛因子の解明とブロッコリースプラウト抽出物の育毛効果 (特集育毛・脱毛・白髪のメカニズム)

Fragrance journal = フレグランスジャーナル 44(1), 14-20, 2016-01
NAID 40020711905

Delayed onset muscle soreness : Involvement of neurotrophic factors

The journal of physiological sciences 66(1), 43-52, 2016-01
NAID 40020697846

Association Between Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy and Birth Weight: An Appropriately Adjusted Model From the Japan Environment and Children's Study

Journal of Epidemiology advpub(0), 2016
NAID 130005126485

Related Pictures

Delivering Drugs to the Right Place | The UCSB Current Epidermal growth factors and cancer Myeloid growth factors Growth factors and Cytokines Tutorial - An Introduction - YouTube Hematopoietic Growth Factors in Oncology 最安値: 寺本冬のブログ Autologous Bone Grafting in the Upper Maxilla: Microscopic Assisted 3D Regeneration of 「Signal transduction pathways」のおすすめ画像 135 件 | Pinterest Growth Factors in Stem Cell Biology | Sigma-Aldrich