WordNet

cultivate by growing, often involving improvements by means of agricultural techniques; "The Bordeaux region produces great red wines"; "They produce good ham in Parma"; "We grow wheat here"; "We raise hogs here" (同)raise, farm, produce
come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes); "He grew a beard"; "The patient developed abdominal pains"; "I got funny spots all over my body"; "Well-developed breasts" (同)develop, produce, get, acquire
become attached by or as if by the process of growth; "The tree trunks had grown together"
become larger, greater, or bigger; expand or gain; "The problem grew too large for me"; "Her business grew fast"
cause to grow or develop; "He grows vegetables in his backyard"
increase in size by natural process; "Corn doesnt grow here"; "In these forests, mushrooms grow under the trees"; "her hair doesnt grow much anymore"
(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level; "he proposed an indicator of osseous development in children" (同)growing, maturation, development, ontogeny, ontogenesis
(pathology) an abnormal proliferation of tissue (as in a tumor)
a progression from simpler to more complex forms; "the growth of culture"
something grown or growing; "a growth of hair"
vegetation that has grown; "a growth of trees"; "the only growth was some salt grass"
the trace of a point whose direction of motion changes (同)curved shape
a pitch of a baseball that is thrown with spin so that its path curves as it approaches the batter (同)curve ball, breaking ball, bender
a line on a graph representing data
an inferior dog or one of mixed breed (同)mongrel, mutt
a cowardly and despicable person
having or marked by a curve or smoothly rounded bend; "the curved tusks of a walrus"; "his curved lips suggested a smile but his eyes were hard" (同)curving

PrepTutorEJDIC

『成長する』,育つ,〈植物が〉生える,茂る / (類・量・程などにおいて)『増大する』,大きくなる / 『しだいになる』 / …‘を'成長させる,大きくする,育てる / …から生じる(起こる)
〈U〉(…の)『成長』,発育;『発達』,発展《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉(数・量,重要性・力などの)『増加』,増大,拡張《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉《修飾語[句]を伴って》栽培,生産,…産 / 〈C〉成育した物,(草,木,髪,ひげなどの)生えたもの / 〈C〉腫瘍(しゅよう)
『曲線』 / 『曲がり』,曲がったもの,湾曲部 / (野球で投球の)『カーブ』 / (…の方へ)『曲がる』,湾曲する《+『to』+『名』》 / …'を'曲げる;'を'湾曲させる
のら犬 / くだらない人間

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/01/19 23:02:24」(JST)

wiki en

Figure 1: A bi-phasic bacterial growth curve.

A growth curve is an empirical model of the evolution of a quantity over time. Growth curves are widely used in biology for quantities such as population size, body height or biomass. Values for the measured property can be plotted on a graph as a function of time; see Figure 1 for an example.

Growth curves are employed in many disciplines besides biology, particularly in statistics, which has an extensive literature on growth curves.^[1] In mathematical statistics, growth curves are often modeled as being continuous stochastic processes, e.g. as being sample paths that almost surely solve stochastic differential equations.^[2]

Bacterial growth

Main article: Bacterial growth

In this example (Figure 1, see Lac operon for details) the number of bacteria present in a nutrient-containing broth was measured during the course of an 8 hour cell growth experiment. The observed pattern of bacterial growth is bi-phasic because two different sugars were present, glucose and lactose. The bacteria prefer to consume glucose (Phase I) and only use the lactose (Phase II) after the glucose has been depleted. Analysis of the molecular basis for this bi-phasic growth curve led to the discovery of the basic mechanisms that control gene expression.

Cancer cell growth

Cancer research is an area of biology where growth curve analysis [1] plays an important role. In many types of cancer, the rate at which tumors shrink following chemotherapy is related to the rate of tumor growth before treatment. Tumors that grow rapidly are generally more sensitive to the toxic effects that conventional anticancer drugs have on the cancer cells. Many conventional anticancer drugs (for example, 5-Fluoro Uracil) interfere with DNA replication and can cause the death of cells that attempt to replicate their DNA and divide. A rapidly growing tumor will have more actively dividing cells and more cell death upon exposure to such anticancer drugs.

Figure 2. Tumor growth curve.

In the example shown in Figure 2, a tumor is found after the cell growth rate has slowed. Most of the cancer cells are removed by surgery. The remaining cancer cells begin to proliferate rapidly and cancer chemotherapy is started. Many tumor cells are killed by the chemotherapy, but eventually some cancer cells that are resistant to the chemotherapy drug begin to grow rapidly. The chemotherapy is no longer useful and is discontinued.

The growth of children

Children who fall significantly below the normal range of growth curves for body height [2] can be tested for growth hormone deficiency and might be treatable with hormone injections [3].

Exponential growth

Some growth curves for certain biological systems display periods of exponential growth. Typically, periods of exponential growth are of limited duration due to depletion of some rate-limiting resource.

Notes

^
- Davidian, Marie; David M. Giltinan (1995). Nonlinear Models for Repeated Measurement Data. Chapman & Hall/CRC Monographs on Statistics & Applied Probability. ISBN 978-0-412-98341-2.
- Kim, Kevin and Timm, Neil (2007). ""Restricted MGLM and growth curve model" (Chapter 7)". Univariate and multivariate general linear models: Theory and applications with SAS (with 1 CD-ROM for Windows and UNIX).. Statistics: Textbooks and Monographs (Second ed.). Boca Raton, FL: Chapman & Hall/CRC. ISBN 1-58488-634-X.
- Kollo, Tõnu and von Rosen, Dietrich (2005). ""Multivariate linear models" (chapter 4), especially "The Growth curve model and extensions" (Chapter 4.1)". Advanced multivariate statistics with matrices. Mathematics and its applications. 579. Dordrecht: Springer. ISBN 1-4020-3418-0.
- Kshirsagar, Anant M. and Smith, William Boyce (1995). Growth curves. Statistics: Textbooks and Monographs. 145. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.. ISBN 0-8247-9341-2.
- Pan, Jian-Xin and Fang, Kai-Tai (2002). Growth curve models and statistical diagnostics. Springer Series in Statistics. New York: Springer-Verlag. ISBN 0-387-95053-2.
- Pan, Jianxin; Fang, Kaitai (2007). Growth curve models and statistical diagnostics. Mathematical Monograph Series. 8. Beijing: Science Press. ISBN [[Special:BookSources/97870195326|97870195326]].
- Seber, G. A. F. and Wild, C. J. (1989). ""Growth models (Chapter 7)"". Nonlinear regression. Wiley Series in Probability and Mathematical Statistics: Probability and Mathematical Statistics. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.. pp. 325–367. ISBN 0-471-61760-1.
- Timm, Neil H. (2002). ""The general MANOVA model (GMANOVA)" (Chapter 3.6.d)". Applied multivariate analysis. Springer Texts in Statistics. New York: Springer-Verlag. ISBN 0-387-95347-7.
- Vonesh, Edward F. and Chinchilli, Vernon G. (1997). Linear and Nonlinear Models for the Analysis of Repeated Measurements. London: Chapman and Hall.
^
- Seber, G. A. F. and Wild, C. J. (1989). ""Growth models (Chapter 7)"". Nonlinear regression. Wiley Series in Probability and Mathematical Statistics: Probability and Mathematical Statistics. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.. pp. 325–367. ISBN 0-471-61760-1.

Bibliography

Davidian, Marie; David M. Giltinan (1995). Nonlinear Models for Repeated Measurement Data. Chapman & Hall/CRC Monographs on Statistics & Applied Probability. ISBN 978-0-412-98341-2.

Kahm, M. and Hasenbrink, G. and Lichtenberg-Fraté, H. and Ludwig, J. and Kschischo, M. (2010). "grofit: Fitting Biological Growth Curves with R". Journal of Statistical Software 33 (7): pp. 1-21.

Kim, Kevin and Timm, Neil (2007). ""Restricted MGLM and growth curve model" (Chapter 7)". Univariate and multivariate general linear models: Theory and applications with SAS (with 1 CD-ROM for Windows and UNIX).. Statistics: Textbooks and Monographs (Second ed.). Boca Raton, FL: Chapman & Hall/CRC. ISBN 1-58488-634-X.

Kollo, Tõnu and von Rosen, Dietrich (2005). ""Multivariate linear models" (chapter 4), especially "The Growth curve model and extensions" (Chapter 4.1)". Advanced multivariate statistics with matrices. Mathematics and its applications. 579. Dordrecht: Springer. ISBN 1-4020-3418-0.

Kshirsagar, Anant M. and Smith, William Boyce (1995). Growth curves. Statistics: Textbooks and Monographs. 145. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.. ISBN 0-8247-9341-2.

Pan, Jian-Xin and Fang, Kai-Tai (2002). Growth curve models and statistical diagnostics. Springer Series in Statistics. New York: Springer-Verlag. ISBN 0-387-95053-2.

Pan, Jianxin; Fang, Kaitai (2007). Growth curve models and statistical diagnostics. Mathematical Monograph Series. 8. Beijing: Science Press. ISBN [[Special:BookSources/97870195326|97870195326]].

Seber, G. A. F. and Wild, C. J. (1989). ""Growth models (Chapter 7)"". Nonlinear regression. Wiley Series in Probability and Mathematical Statistics: Probability and Mathematical Statistics. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.. pp. 325–367. ISBN 0-471-61760-1.

Timm, Neil H. (2002). ""The general MANOVA model (GMANOVA)" (Chapter 3.6.d)". Applied multivariate analysis. Springer Texts in Statistics. New York: Springer-Verlag. ISBN 0-387-95347-7.

Vonesh, Edward F. and Chinchilli, Vernon G. (1997). Linear and Nonlinear Models for the Analysis of Repeated Measurements. London: Chapman and Hall.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 乳幼児および思春期前の小児における通常の成長パターン normal growth patterns in infants and prepubertal children
2. 小児の成長測定 measurement of growth in children
3. 胎児発育遅延：診断 fetal growth restriction diagnosis
4. 早産児における成長マネージメント growth management in preterm infants
5. 3歳以上の小児における体重増加不良 poor weight gain in children older than two years of age

English Journal

Osteopontin and latent-TGF β binding-protein 2 as potential diagnostic markers for HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma.

da Costa AN1, Plymoth A, Santos-Silva D, Ortiz-Cuaran S, Camey S, Guilloreau P, Sangrajrang S, Khuhaprema T, Mendy M, Lesi OA, Chang HK, Oh JK, Lee DH, Shin HR, Kirk GD, Merle P, Beretta L, Hainaut P.
International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer.Int J Cancer.2015 Jan 1;136(1):172-81. doi: 10.1002/ijc.28953. Epub 2014 May 15.
Chronic Hepatitis B (HB) is the main risk factor for chronic liver disease (CLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in many low-resource countries, where diagnosis is constrained by lack of clinical, histopathological and biomarker resources. We have used proteomics to detect plasma biomarkers that
PMID 24803312

Association between DNA methylation and multidrug resistance in human glioma SHG‑44 cells.

Chen J, Xu ZY, Wang F.
Molecular medicine reports.Mol Med Rep.2015 Jan;11(1):43-52. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2690. Epub 2014 Oct 17.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between DNA methylation and multidrug resistance (MDR) in glioma and identify novel effectors responsible for MDR in human gliomas. An MDR glioma cell line, SGH‑44/ADM, was developed using adriamycin (ADM) impulse treatment. Cryopreserva
PMID 25333456

Crystal growth, structural, thermal and mechanical behavior of l-arginine 4-nitrophenolate 4-nitrophenol dihydrate (LAPP) single crystals.

Mahadevan M1, Ramachandran K2, Anandan P3, Arivanandhan M4, Bhagavannarayana G5, Hayakawa Y4.
Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy.Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc.2014 Dec 10;133:396-402. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.05.087. Epub 2014 Jun 12.
Single crystals of l-arginine 4-nitrophenolate 4-nitrophenol dihydrate (LAPP) have been grown successfully from the solution of l-arginine and 4-nitrophenol. Slow evaporation of solvent technique was adopted to grow the bulk single crystals. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis confirms the gro
PMID 24967545

Japanese Journal

Growth and metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors of corundum-structured alpha indium oxide semiconductors

Kaneko Kentaro,Ito Yoshito,Uchida Takayuki,Fujita Shizuo
Appl. Phys. Express 8(9), 095503, 2015-09-01
… The growth of corundum-structured α-In<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>, showing an X-ray diffraction (0006) rocking curve full-width at half maximum of 185 arcsec and electron Hall mobility of 130 cm2V−1s−1, was demonstrated on a sapphire substrate with an α-Ga<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>buffer layer. …
NAID 150000111238

平成25年度家畜診療等技術全国研究集会・入賞論文農林水産省経営局長賞子牛の定期胸囲測定による給餌管理指導の有用性

阿部信介,堀之内正次郎,出口祐一郎 [他]
家畜診療 = Journal of livestock medicine 62(6), 347-359, 2015-06
NAID 40020500536

Homoepitaxial growth of a-plane GaN layers by reaction between Ga

Sumi Tomoaki,Taniyama Yuuki,Takatsu Hiroaki,Juta Masami,Kitamoto Akira,Imade Mamoru,Yoshimura Masashi,Isemura Masashi,Mori Yusuke
Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 54(6), 065501, 2015-04-30
… Growth of high-quality a-plane GaN layers was performed by reaction between Ga<inf>2</inf>O vapor and NH<inf>3</inf>gas at a high temperature. … Growth rate increased with increasing Ga<inf>2</inf>O partial pressure. … An a-plane GaN layer with a growth rate of 48 µm/h was obtained. …
NAID 150000110650