fasciculus longitudinalis medialis

内側縦束

WordNet

1. running lengthwise; "a thin longitudinal strip"; "longitudinal measurements of the hull"
2. of or relating to lines of longitude; "longitudinal reckoning by the navigator"
3. over an extended time; "a longitudinal study of twins"
4. dividing an animal into right and left halves (同)median

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 経度の / 長さの;縦の
2. 中間の,中間に位置する / 平均の,並なみの

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/07/09 02:08:22」(JST)

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Medial longitudinal fasciculus
Transverse section of mid-brain at level of inferior colliculi. (Medial longitudinal fasciculus labeled at center right.)
Axial section through mid-brain. 1. Corpora quadrigemina. 2. Cerebral aqueduct. 3. Central gray stratum. 4. Interpeduncular space. 5. Sulcus lateralis. 6. Substantia nigra. 7. Red nucleus of tegmentum. 8. Oculomotor nerve, with 8’, its nucleus of origin. a. Lemniscus (in blue) with a’ the medial lemniscus and a" the lateral lemniscus. b. Medial longitudinal fasciculus. c. Raphé. d. Temporopontine fibers. e. Portion of medial lemniscus, which runs to the lentiform nucleus and insula. f. Cerebrospinal fibers. g. Frontopontine fibers.
Details
Identifiers
Latin	fasciculus longitudinalis medialis
NeuroNames	ancil-743
NeuroLex ID	Medial longitudinal fasciculus
Dorlands /Elsevier	f_03/12356052
TA	A14.1.04.113 A14.1.05.304
FMA	72618
Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy [edit on Wikidata]

The medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) is one of a pair of crossed fiber tracts (group of axons), on each side of the brainstem. These bundles of axons are situated near the midline of the brainstem and are composed of both ascending and descending fibers that arise from a number of sources and terminate in different areas. MLF is the main central connection for the oculomotor nerve, trochlear nerve, and abducens nerve. The vertical gaze center is at the rostral interstitial nucleus (riMLF).

The MLF ascends to the interstitial nucleus of Cajal, which lies in the lateral wall of the third ventricle, just above the cerebral aqueduct.

Function

The medial longitudinal fasciculus carries information about the direction that the eyes should move.

It connects the cranial nerve nuclei III (Oculomotor nerve), IV (Trochlear nerve) and VI (Abducens nerve) together, and integrates movements directed by the gaze centers (frontal eye field) and information about head movement (from cranial nerve VIII, Vestibulocochlear nerve). It is an integral component of saccadic eye movements as well as vestibulo-ocular and optokinetic reflexes.

It also carries the descending tectospinal tract and medial vestibulospinal tracts into the cervical spinal cord, and innervates some muscles of the neck and upper limbs.

Clinical significance

A lesion of the MLF produces slowed or absent adduction of the ipsilateral eye, usually associated with involuntary jerk eye movements (nystagmus) of the abducting eye, a syndrome called internuclear ophthalmoplegia. Because multiple sclerosis causes de-myelination of the axons of CNS, it can cause internuclear ophthalmoplegia when MLF axons get de-myelinated, where it presents as nystagmus and diplopia.

Inputs

The descending MLF mainly arises from the Superior-medial Vestibular nucleus (VN) and is thought to be involved in the maintenance of gaze reflex (stimulated by input from Semicircular canal). This is achieved by inputs to the VN from:

1. the Vestibulocochlear (8th cranial) nerve about head movements,
2. gait adjustments from the flocculus of the cerebellum,
3. head and neck proprioceptors and foot and ankle muscle spindle, via the fastigial nucleus.

Descending fibers can also arise from the superior colliculus in the rostral midbrain for visual reflexes, the accessory occulomotor nuclei in the rostral midbrain for visual tracking, and the pontine reticular formation, which facilitates extensor muscle tone. Ascending tracts arise from the Vestibular nucleus (VN) and terminate in the III, IV and VI nuclei, which are important for visual tracking.

History

In 1846 neurologist Benedict Stilling first referred to what is now known as the MLF as the acusticus, followed by Theodor Meynert in 1872 calling it posterior. But in 1891, Heinrich Schutz chose the name dorsal to describe the longitudinal bundle, "for brevity's sake". This name stuck despite other authors attempting further renaming (Ramon y Cajal's periependymal in 1904, Theodor Ziehen's nubecula dorsalis in 1913). But finally, it was Wilhelm His, Sr. who changed the name to medial for the sake of the Basle nomenclature to end the confusion.

Additional images

• Decussation of pyramids.

• Transverse section of medulla oblongata below the middle of the olive.

• Horizontal section through the lower part of the pons. The medial longitudinal fasciculus is labeled #6.

See also

Listing's law

References

External links

• Atlas image: n2a4p4 at the University of Michigan Health System - "Brainstem, Cranial Nerve Nuclei, Sagittal Section, Medial View"
• http://isc.temple.edu/neuroanatomy/lab/atlas/papc/

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

• 1. 成人における詳細な神経学的検査 the detailed neurologic examination in adults
• 2. 核間性眼筋麻痺 internuclear ophthalmoparesis
• 3. 小児における核上性注視異常 supranuclear disorders of gaze in children
• 4. 膝蓋骨外側脱臼の認識および初期マネージメント recognition and initial management of lateral patellar dislocations
• 5. 小児における第6脳神経（外転神経）麻痺 sixth cranial nerve abducens nerve palsy in children

English Journal

• Isolated bilateral horizontal gaze palsy as first manifestation of multiple sclerosis.

• Kipfer S1, Crook DW.
• Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England).Mult Scler.2014 May;20(6):754-5. doi: 10.1177/1352458513518627. Epub 2014 Jan 8.
• Predilection sites for infratentorial multiple sclerosis lesions are well known and frequently involve the fasciculus longitudinalis medialis leading to classical internuclear ophthalmoplegia. We report a very rare oculomotor disorder due to a demyelinating central nervous system (CNS) lesion in the
• PMID 24402040

• Central connection of the optic, oculomotor, trochlear and abducens nerves in medaka, Oryzias latipes.

• Deguchi T1, Suwa H, Yoshimoto M, Kondoh H, Yamamoto N.
• Zoological science.Zoolog Sci.2005 Mar;22(3):321-32.
• Medaka (Oryzias latipes) is one of the few vertebrate experimental animals in which inbred lines have been established. It is also a species that has advanced in genetic studies in a manner comparable to zebrafish. This fish is therefore a good model for studying functional organization of the nervo
• PMID 15795495

• [Surgical technique in operations for brainstem gliomas].

• Majchrzak H1, Ładziński P, Majchrzak K, Banc K.
• Neurologia i neurochirurgia polska.Neurol Neurochir Pol.2005 Jan-Feb;39(1):69-74; discussion 75-6.
• The article presents an MRI-based classification of brainstem gliomas into focal, cervicomedullary, dorsal exophytic and diffuse ones. This classification provides the basis for specifying indications for surgical treatment and outcome. The article also presents the most frequent approaches to the m
• PMID 15735993

Related Links

• FASCICULUS LONGITUDINALIS MEDIALIS - BRAINMAPS ...

Fasciculus Longitudinalis Medialis The oculomotor neurons were mostly labeled ipsilaterally and were located dorsomedially, abutting the Fasciculus longitudinalis medialis in the mesencephalon. The trochlear nucleus was located ...

• fasciculus longitudinalis medialis - definition of fasciculus ...

Definition of fasciculus longitudinalis medialis in the Medical Dictionary. fasciculus longitudinalis medialis explanation. Information about fasciculus longitudinalis medialis in Free online English dictionary. What is fasciculus ? ...

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「内側縦束」
関連記事	「medial」「longitudinal」「medialis」「fasciculus」

「内側縦束」

　　[★]

英

medial longitudinal fasciculus, MLF

ラ

fasciculus longitudinalis medialis

関

眼球運動

• 図：BET.212(側方注視運動)

解剖

• 中脳前端から脊髄下端にわたって中心管を含む脳室系の腹内方で正中線の両側に位置する神経線維束

機能

• 側方注視運動。外転神経核と対側の動眼神経核を連絡する

臨床関連

• 内側縦束症候群

国試

• 104G011

「medial」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 内側の、中心の、中央の、内側性の

関

center、central、centre、centro、centrum、hub、inner、inside、interior、medialis、medially、middle

　 　

「longitudinal」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 長軸方向の、縦方向の、長期的な

関

long-term、longitudinally

　 　 　 　

「medialis」

　　[★]

• 内側

関

inner、inside、interior、medial、medially

「fasciculus」

　　[★]

束

関

bundle、fascicle、fasciculi