WordNet

place at intervals; "Space the interviews so that you have some time between the different candidates"
an empty area (usually bounded in some way between things); "the architect left space in front of the building"; "they stopped at an open space in the jungle"; "the space between his teeth"
the unlimited expanse in which everything is located; "they tested his ability to locate objects in space"; "the boundless regions of the infinite" (同)infinite
a blank character used to separate successive words in writing or printing; "he said the space is the most important character in the alphabet" (同)blank
a blank area; "write your name in the space provided" (同)blank space, place
an area reserved for some particular purpose; "the laboratorys floor space"
one of the areas between or below or above the lines of a musical staff; "the spaces are the notes F-A-C-E"
the time between occurrences of a repeating event; "some women do not control the spacing of their children"
the property possessed by an array of things that have space between them (同)spatial_arrangement
on or outside the dura mater (同)extradural
arranged with spaces between; often used as a combining form; "widely spaced eyes"

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈U〉『空間』,広がり / 〈U〉『宇宙』,地球の大気圏外(outer space) / 〈C〉〈U〉『間隔』,距離;《しばしば複数形で》空地 / 〈C〉(特定目的のための)『場所』 / 〈U〉《しばしばa~》時間 / 〈C〉〈U〉スペース,余白,余地 / 〈C〉線間(譜表において五線の間の部分) / …‘を'間隔をおいて配置する《+『out』+『名,』+『名』+『out』》
スペースをあけること,間隔をとること / (印刷された行・語・文の)スペース,間隔

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/07/22 15:23:04」(JST)

wiki en

In the spine, the epidural space (from Ancient Greek ἐπί, "on, upon" + dura mater also known as "epidural cavity", "extradural space" or "peridural space") is an anatomic space that is the outermost part of the spinal canal. It is the space within the canal (formed by the surrounding vertebrae) lying outside the dura mater (which encloses the arachnoid mater, subarachnoid space, the cerebrospinal fluid, and the spinal cord). In humans the epidural space contains lymphatics, spinal nerve roots, loose connective tissue, fatty tissue, small arteries, and a network of internal vertebral venous plexuses.^{[citation needed]}

In humans

The upper limit of the epidural space is the foramen magnum, which is the point where the spine meets the base of the skull. The lower limit is at the tip of the sacrum, at the sacrococcygeal membrane.

In the head, the epidural space is known as a potential space. In rare circumstances, a torn artery (e.g. the middle meningeal artery) may cause bleeding which is sufficient to create epidural space; this is an epidural hematoma.

The space between the dura and the arachnoid (in both head and spine), the subdural space, is also a potential space. Bleeding may also occur here.

In other mammals

In other mammals, the relationship between the spinal canal and its contents is similar to that in humans, although many species possess a tail into which the epidural space is prolonged.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 脊髄麻酔：手技 spinal anesthesia technique
2. 脊髄硬膜外膿瘍 spinal epidural abscess
3. 麻酔および麻酔剤選択の概要 overview of anesthesia and anesthetic choices
4. 頭蓋内硬膜外膿瘍 intracranial epidural abscess
5. Spinal cord stimulation: Placement and management

English Journal

Doppler sonographic examination of uterine and placental perfusion in cows in the last month of gestation and effects of epidural anesthesia and isoxsuprine.

Kim-Egloff C1, Hässig M2, Bruckmaier R3, Bleul U4.
Theriogenology.Theriogenology.2016 Mar 15;85(5):986-98. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.11.010. Epub 2015 Nov 22.
The massive increase in size of the fetus and uterus in the last trimester is accompanied by an increasing demand for nutrients and oxygen, and it is assumed that this demand is met by increasing uterine and fetal perfusion. The goals of this study were to measure the perfusion of the uterine arteri
PMID 26739532

Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injections for Treating Lumbosacral Radicular Pain from Herniated Intervertebral Discs: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Bhatia A1, Flamer D, Shah PS, Cohen SP.
Anesthesia and analgesia.Anesth Analg.2016 Mar;122(3):857-70. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000001155.
BACKGROUND: Steroids often are administered into the epidural space through the transforaminal epidural (TFE) route to treat lumbosacral radicular pain secondary to herniated intervertebral discs. However, their efficacy and safety compared with transforaminal epidural local anesthetics (LAs) or sal
PMID 26891397

Safety of Epidural Corticosteroid Injections.

Pountos I1, Panteli M2, Walters G3, Bush D4, Giannoudis PV2.
Drugs in R&D.Drugs R D.2016 Mar;16(1):19-34. doi: 10.1007/s40268-015-0119-3.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Epidural corticosteroid injections (ESIs) have been used for several decades and now represent the most common intervention performed for the management of back pain with a radicular component. However, several reports have presented devastating complications and adverse ef
PMID 26715572

Japanese Journal

Imaging of human vertebral surface using ultrasound RF data received at each element of probe for thoracic anesthesia

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 56(7S1), 07JF01, 2017-05-23
NAID 150000114461

脊髄MRIが治療前後の髄液漏出判定に有用であった頭蓋内硬膜下血腫を伴った硬膜穿刺後頭痛の1例

日本ペインクリニック学会誌, 2017
NAID 130005680808

Lateral deviation of four types of epidural catheters from the lumbar epidural space into the intervertebral foramen

Journal of anesthesia 30(4), 583-590, 2016
NAID 40020916910

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「硬膜上腔」
関連記事	「space」「SPACE」「epidural」「spacing」

「硬膜上腔」

Epidural space
	The medulla spinalis and its membranes
Details
Latin	Spatium epidurale,; spatium extradurale,; cavum epidurale
Identifiers
Gray's	p.875
Dorlands; /Elsevier	12746475
TA	A14.1.01.112
FMA	71228
	Anatomical terminology