肝腫大、肝肥大

関: hepatomegaly、liver enlargement

WordNet

abnormal enlargement of the liver (同)megalohepatia
pursue a positive and satisfying existence; "You must accept yourself and others if you really want to live"
actually being performed at the time of hearing or viewing; "a live television program"; "brought to you live from Lincoln Center"; "live entertainment involves performers actually in the physical presence of a live audience" (同)unrecorded
abounding with life and energy; "the club members are a really live bunch"
charged with an explosive; "live ammunition"; "a live bomb"
exerting force or containing energy; "live coals"; "tossed a live cigarette out the window"; "got a shock from a live wire"; "live ore is unmined ore"; "a live bomb"; "a live ball is one in play"
highly reverberant; "a live concert hall"
in current use or ready for use; "live copy is ready to be set in type or already set but not yet proofread"
lead a certain kind of life; live in a certain style; "we had to live frugally after the war"
not recorded; "the opera was broadcast live"
of current relevance; "a live issue"; "still a live option"
a person who has a special life style; "a high liver"
large and complicated reddish-brown glandular organ located in the upper right portion of the abdominal cavity; secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat; synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood; sy
liver of an animal used as meat
someone who lives in a place; "a liver in cities"
become larger or bigger
make larger; "She enlarged the flower beds"
larger than normal; "enlarged joints"

PrepTutorEJDIC

『生きている』,生命がある / 《副詞[句]を伴って》〈人などが〉『生き続ける』 / 〈物事が〉長く続く,存続する / 《場所を表す副詞[句]を伴って》〈人などが〉『住む』,居住する / 《副詞[句]を伴って》『生活する』,暮らす / 生人を楽しむ,おもしろく桟らす / 《a+形容詞癌lifeを目的語にして》〈…を生活〉‘を'する / 〈思想など〉‘を'実銭する
《名詞の前にのみ用いて》『生きている』 / 『活気のある』 / (問題などが)当面の / 燃えている / (弾丸などが)まだ爆発してない,未発の / まだ動いている(働いている),有効な / 電流が通じている / (放走が)生の,実況の
(ある態度で)生活する人;居住者
〈C〉『肝臓』 / 〈U〉(食用にする)動物の肝臓,レバー
…‘を'『大きくする』,拡大する / 大きくなる,広がる,ふえる

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/11/23 18:50:53」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Hepatomegaly is the condition of having an enlarged liver.^[1] It is a non-specific medical sign having many causes, which can broadly be broken down into infection, hepatic tumours, or metabolic disorder. Often, hepatomegaly will present as an abdominal mass. Depending on the cause, it may sometimes present along with jaundice.^[2]

Symptoms/signs

Symptoms having to do with hepatomegaly can include several, among them the individual may experience some weight loss, poor appetite and lethargy (jaundice and bruising may also be present)^[2]

Causes

Leptospirosis

Among the causes of hepatomegaly are the following:

Infective

Glandular fever (Infectious mononucleosis) ^[2]
Hepatitis (A,B or C)^[1]
Liver abscess (pyogenic abscess)^[2]
Malaria^[2]
Amoeba infections^[3]
Hydatid cyst^[4]
Leptospirosis^[5]
Actinomycosis^[6]

Neoplastic

Metastatic tumours ^[1]
Hepatocellular carcinoma^[1]
Myeloma^[2]
Leukemia^[1]
Lymphoma^[2]

Biliary

Primary biliary cirrhosis.^[2]
Primary sclerosing cholangitis.^[2]

Metabolic

Haemochromatosis^[2]
Cholesteryl ester storage disease^[7]
Porphyria^[2]
Wilson's disease^[2]
Niemann Pick disease^[1]
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.^[2]
Glycogen Storage Disease ^[1]

Drugs (and alcohol)

Alcohol abuse ^[1]
Drug-induced hepatitis^[2]

Congenital

Hemolytic anemia^[2]
Sickle cell disease^[2]
Hereditary fructose intolerance ^[1]

Others

Hunter syndrome (Spleen affected)^[8]
Zellweger's syndrome^[9]
Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I deficiency^[10]
Granulomatous: Sarcoidosis^[11]

Mechanism

The mechanism of hepatomegaly consists of vascular swelling, inflammation (due to the various causes that are infectious in origin) and deposition of (1) non-hepatic cells or (2) increased cell contents (such due to iron in hemochromatosis or hemosiderosis and fat in fatty liver disease)^[12]

Diagnosis

Suspicion of hepatomegaly indicates a thorough medical history and physical examination, wherein the latter typically includes an increased liver span. Blood tests should be done, importantly liver-function series, which will give a good impression of the patient's broad metabolic picture.^{[medical citation needed]}

A complete blood test can help distinguish intrinsic liver disease from extrahepatic bile-duct obstruction.^[13] An ultrasound of the liver can reliably detect a dilated biliary-duct system,^[14] it can also detect the characteristics of a cirrhotic liver,.^[15]Computerized tomography (CT) can help to obtain accurate anatomical information, in individuals with hepatomegaly.^[16]

Treatment

Prednisone

Treatment of hepatomegaly will vary depending on the cause of the liver enlargement and hence accurate diagnosis is the primary concern. In the case of auto-immune liver disease, prednisone and azathioprine may be used for treatment.^[17]

In the case of lymphoma the treatment options include single-agent (or multi-agent) chemotherapy and regional radiotherapy, also surgery may be an option in specific situations.Meningococcal group C conjugate vaccine are also used in some cases.^[18]

In primary biliary cirrhosis ursodeoxycholic acid helps the bloodstream remove bile which may increase survival in some affected individuals.^[19]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ "Hepatomegaly: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia". www.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p "Hepatomegaly. Read about Hepatomegaly (enlarged liver) | Patient". Patient. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
^ Lang, Florian (2009-03-19). Encyclopedia of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease: With 213 Tables. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 824. ISBN 9783540671367.
^ Prevention, CDC - Centers for Disease Control and. "CDC - Echinococcosis - Resources for Health Professionals". www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2016-03-11.
^ "Leptospirosis (Weil's Disease) | Doctor | Patient". Patient. Retrieved 2016-03-11.
^ Banfalvi, Gaspar (2013-10-16). Homeostasis - Tumor - Metastasis. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 145. ISBN 9789400773356.
^ "Cholesteryl Ester Storage Disease - NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders)". NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders). Retrieved 2016-03-11.
^ "Hunter's Syndrome. MPS II information; symptoms | Patient". Patient. Retrieved 2016-03-11.
^ "OMIM Entry - # 214100 - PEROXISOME BIOGENESIS DISORDER 1A (ZELLWEGER); PBD1A". www.omim.org. Retrieved 2016-03-11.
^ "CPT I deficiency". Genetics Home Reference. 2016-03-07. Retrieved 2016-03-11.
^ "Sarcoidosis | Doctor | Patient". Patient. Retrieved 2016-03-11.
^ Dennis, Mark; Bowen, William Talbot; Cho, Lucy (2012-01-01). Mechanisms of Clinical Signs. Elsevier Australia. p. 469. ISBN 9780729540759.
^ Goldman, Lee; Schafer, Andrew I. (2015-04-21). Goldman-Cecil Medicine. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 991. ISBN 9780323322850.
^ Meacock, L M; Sellars, M E; Sidhu, P S (2010-07-01). "Evaluation of gallbladder and biliary duct disease using microbubble contrast-enhanced ultrasound". The British Journal of Radiology. 83 (991): 615–627. doi:10.1259/bjr/60619911. ISSN 0007-1285. PMC 3473688. PMID 20603412.
^ Murray, Karen F.; Horslen, Simon (2013-12-11). Diseases of the Liver in Children: Evaluation and Management. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 199. ISBN 9781461490050.
^ Mirvis, Stuart E.; Soto, Jorge A.; Shanmuganathan, Kathirkamanathan; Yu, Joseph; Kubal, Wayne S. (2014-08-19). Problem Solving in Emergency Radiology. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 442. ISBN 9781455758395.
^ "Cirrhosis: Practice Essentials, Overview, Epidemiology".
^ "Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma | Doctor | Patient". Patient. Retrieved 2016-03-11.
^ "Primary biliary cirrhosis: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia". www.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2016-03-12.

External links

Merck Manual: Hepatomegaly

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 肝肥大：鑑別診断および評価 hepatomegaly differential diagnosis and evaluation
2. Cystic fibrosis: Hepatobiliary disease
3. ゴーシェ病：初期評価、モニタリング、および臨床経過 gaucher disease initial assessment monitoring and clinical course
4. 新生児におけるチアノーゼ性心疾患の診断および初期マネージメント diagnosis and initial management of cyanotic heart disease in the newborn
5. Approach to the patient with abnormal liver biochemical and function tests

English Journal

Immunotoxic and hepatotoxic effects of perfluoro-n-decanoic acid (PFDA) on female Harlan Sprague-Dawley rats and B6C3F1/N mice when administered by oral gavage for 28 days.

Frawley RP1, Smith M2, Cesta MF1, Hayes-Bouknight S3, Blystone C1, Kissling GE1, Harris S4, Germolec D1.
Journal of immunotoxicology.J Immunotoxicol.2018 Dec;15(1):41-52. doi: 10.1080/1547691X.2018.1445145.
PMID 29514525

Diagnostic challenges of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma in North America - a clinical, histological, and immunophenotypic correlation with a workflow proposal.

Licata MJ1, Janakiram M2, Tan S3, Fang Y1, Shah UA2, Verma AK2, Wang Y1.
Leukemia & lymphoma.Leuk Lymphoma.2018 May;59(5):1188-1194. doi: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1365862. Epub 2017 Aug 25.
PMID 29504866

Gastrointestinal Tract Pathology in a BALB/c Niemann-Pick Disease Type C1 Null Mouse Model.

Cougnoux A1, Movassaghi M1, Picache JA1, Iben JR1, Navid F2, Salman A1, Martin K1, Farhat NY1, Cluzeau C1, Tseng WC1, Burkert K1, Sojka C1, Wassif CA1, Cawley NX1, Bonnet R3,4, Porter FD5.
Digestive diseases and sciences.Dig Dis Sci.2018 Apr;63(4):870-880. doi: 10.1007/s10620-018-4914-x. Epub 2018 Jan 22.
PMID 29357083

Japanese Journal

嘔吐と腹部膨満をきたす新生児の腹部超音波検査

超音波医学 advpub(0), 2016
NAID 130005130342

Heme oxygenase-1 alleviates alcoholic liver steatosis: histopathological study

Journal of Toxicologic Pathology 29(1), 7-15, 2016
NAID 130005126477

嘔吐と腹部膨満をきたす新生児の腹部超音波検査

超音波医学 43(1), 3-13, 2016
NAID 130005122755

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「liver enlargement」
関連記事	「enlarge」「live」「liver」

「liver enlargement」

Hepatomegaly
	Computerized tomography of hepatomegaly
Classification and external resources
Specialty	internal medicine
ICD-10	R16..0
ICD-9-CM	789.1
MedlinePlus	003275
Patient UK	Hepatomegaly
	[edit on Wikidata]

　　[★]

肝腫大

関: enlarged liver、hepatomegaly

「enlarge」

　　[★]

v.

拡大する、拡張する、増大する

関: augment、augmentation、dilatation、dilate、dilated、dilation、distend、enlargement、escalate、escalation、expand、expansion、extend、extension、increase、increment、magnify

「live」

　　[★]

[liv]

vt.
vi.

[laiv]

adj.

同: LAIV

「liver」

　　[★] 肝臓　　　　　　

[nih-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ "Hepatomegaly: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia". www.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2016-02-27.

[pat-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p "Hepatomegaly. Read about Hepatomegaly (enlarged liver) | Patient". Patient. Retrieved 2016-02-27.

[3] Lang, Florian (2009-03-19). Encyclopedia of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease: With 213 Tables. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 824. ISBN 9783540671367.

[4] Prevention, CDC - Centers for Disease Control and. "CDC - Echinococcosis - Resources for Health Professionals". www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2016-03-11.

[5] "Leptospirosis (Weil's Disease) | Doctor | Patient". Patient. Retrieved 2016-03-11.

[6] Banfalvi, Gaspar (2013-10-16). Homeostasis - Tumor - Metastasis. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 145. ISBN 9789400773356.

[7] "Cholesteryl Ester Storage Disease - NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders)". NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders). Retrieved 2016-03-11.

[8] "Hunter's Syndrome. MPS II information; symptoms | Patient". Patient. Retrieved 2016-03-11.

[9] "OMIM Entry - # 214100 - PEROXISOME BIOGENESIS DISORDER 1A (ZELLWEGER); PBD1A". www.omim.org. Retrieved 2016-03-11.

[10] "CPT I deficiency". Genetics Home Reference. 2016-03-07. Retrieved 2016-03-11.

[11] "Sarcoidosis | Doctor | Patient". Patient. Retrieved 2016-03-11.

[12] Dennis, Mark; Bowen, William Talbot; Cho, Lucy (2012-01-01). Mechanisms of Clinical Signs. Elsevier Australia. p. 469. ISBN 9780729540759.

[13] Goldman, Lee; Schafer, Andrew I. (2015-04-21). Goldman-Cecil Medicine. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 991. ISBN 9780323322850.

[14] Meacock, L M; Sellars, M E; Sidhu, P S (2010-07-01). "Evaluation of gallbladder and biliary duct disease using microbubble contrast-enhanced ultrasound". The British Journal of Radiology. 83 (991): 615–627. doi:10.1259/bjr/60619911. ISSN 0007-1285. PMC 3473688. PMID 20603412.

[15] Murray, Karen F.; Horslen, Simon (2013-12-11). Diseases of the Liver in Children: Evaluation and Management. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 199. ISBN 9781461490050.

[16] Mirvis, Stuart E.; Soto, Jorge A.; Shanmuganathan, Kathirkamanathan; Yu, Joseph; Kubal, Wayne S. (2014-08-19). Problem Solving in Emergency Radiology. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 442. ISBN 9781455758395.

[17] "Cirrhosis: Practice Essentials, Overview, Epidemiology".

[18] "Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma | Doctor | Patient". Patient. Retrieved 2016-03-11.

[19] "Primary biliary cirrhosis: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia". www.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2016-03-12.

v t e Symptoms and signs: digestive system and abdomen (R10–R19, 787,789)

Upper	Nausea Vomiting Heartburn Aerophagia Dysphagia oropharyngeal esophageal Odynophagia Halitosis Xerostomia Hypersalivation Burping Wet burp

Defaecation	Flatulence Fecal incontinence Encopresis Blood: Fecal occult blood Rectal tenesmus Constipation Obstructed defecation Diarrhea Rectal discharge Football sign Psoas sign Obturator sign Rovsing's sign Hamburger sign Heel tap sign Aure-Rozanova's sign Dunphy sign Alder's sign Lockwood's sign Rosenstein's sign

Abdomen	Abdominal pain Acute abdomen Colic Baby colic Abdominal guarding Rebound tenderness Abdominal distension Bloating Ascites Tympanites Shifting dullness Bulging flanks Fluid wave test Abdominal mass Hepatosplenomegaly Hepatomegaly Splenomegaly Jaundice Mallet-Guy sign Puddle sign

匿名

検索

案内

案内

enlarged liver