WordNet

very young; "at an early age"
before the usual time or the time expected; "she graduated early"; "the house was completed ahead of time" (同)ahead of time, too soon
in good time; "he awoke betimes that morning" (同)betimes
belonging to the distant past; "the early inhabitants of Europe"; "former generations"; "in other times" (同)former, other
at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time; "early morning"; "an early warning"; "early diagnosis"; "an early death"; "took early retirement"; "an early spring"; "early varieties of peas and tomatoes mature before most standard varieties"
being or occurring at an early stage of development; "in an early stage"; "early forms of life"; "early man"; "an early computer"
expected in the near future; "look for an early end to the negotiations"
of an early stage in the development of a language or literature; "the Early Hebrew alphabetical script is that used mainly from the 11th to the 6th centuries B.C."; "Early Modern English is represented in documents printed from 1476 to 1700"
fruiting spike of a cereal plant especially corn (同)spike, capitulum
attention to what is said; "he tried to get her ear"
good hearing; "he had a keen ear"; "a good ear for pitch"
the sense organ for hearing and equilibrium
the state of being pregnant; the period from conception to birth when a woman carries a developing fetus in her uterus (同)gestation, maternity
a British peer ranking below a marquess and above a viscount

PrepTutorEJDIC

(時間・時期が)『早い』,『初期の』 / 昔の / (普通より,予定より)早い / 近い将来の / (時間・時期的に)『早く』 / (予定・ふだんより)早く
〈C〉『耳』 / 《単数形で》『聴覚』,聴力,音感 / 《単数形で》じっと聞くこと,傾聴 / 〈C〉耳の形をした物
(麦・とうもろこしなどの)穂
〈U〉〈C〉妊娠の状態(期間) / 〈U〉《文》含蓄
(英国の)伯爵

UpToDate Contents

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1. 妊娠早期の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of early pregnancy
2. 出産前の初期評価および妊娠初期の出産前のケア initial prenatal assessment and first trimester prenatal care
3. ダウン症候群およびトリソミー18のスクリーニングのための、妊娠初期のcombined testおよびintegrated test first trimester combined test and integrated tests for screening for down syndrome and trisomy 18
4. 妊婦における腟出血の病因および評価の概要 overview of the etiology and evaluation of vaginal bleeding in pregnant women
5. 妊娠期間および出産予定日の出生前評価 prenatal assessment of gestational age and estimated date of delivery

English Journal

Setting research priorities to improve global newborn health and prevent stillbirths by 2025.

Yoshida S1, Martines J2, Lawn JE3, Wall S4, Souza JP5, Rudan I6, Cousens S7; neonatal health research priority setting group, Aaby P8, Adam I9, Adhikari RK10, Ambalavanan N11, Arifeen SE12, Aryal DR13, Asiruddin S14, Baqui A15, Barros AJ16, Benn CS17, Bhandari V18, Bhatnagar S19, Bhattacharya S20, Bhutta ZA21, Black RE22, Blencowe H23, Bose C24, Brown J25, Bührer C26, Carlo W27, Cecatti JG28, Cheung PY29, Clark R30, Colbourn T31, Conde-Agudelo A32, Corbett E33, Czeizel AE34, Das A35, Day LT36, Deal C37, Deorari A38, Dilmen U39, English M40, Engmann C41, Esamai F42, Fall C43, Ferriero DM44, Gisore P45, Hazir T46, Higgins RD47, Homer CS48, Hoque DE12, Irgens L49, Islam MT50, de Graft-Johnson J51, Joshua MA52, Keenan W53, Khatoon S54, Kieler H55, Kramer MS56, Lackritz EM57, Lavender T58, Lawintono L59, Luhanga R60, Marsh D51, McMillan D61, McNamara PJ62, Mol BW63, Molyneux E64, Mukasa GK65, Mutabazi M66, Nacul LC67, Nakakeeto M68, Narayanan I69, Olusanya B70, Osrin D71, Paul V38, Poets C72, Reddy UM73, Santosham M74, Sayed R75, Schlabritz-Loutsevitch NE76, Singhal N77, Smith MA78, Smith PG79, Soofi S80, Spong CY81, Sultana S82, Tshefu A83, van Bel F84, Gray LV85, Waiswa P86, Wang W87, Williams SL88, Wright L73, Zaidi A89, Zhang Y90, Zhong N91, Zuniga I92, Bahl R1.
Journal of global health.J Glob Health.2016 Jun;6(1):010508. doi: 10.7189/jogh.06.010508.
BACKGROUND: In 2013, an estimated 2.8 million newborns died and 2.7 million were stillborn. A much greater number suffer from long term impairment associated with preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction, congenital anomalies, and perinatal or infectious causes. With the approaching deadline f
PMID 26401272

Fetal midgut volvulus: report of eight cases.

Sciarrone A1, Teruzzi E2, Pertusio A1, Bastonero S1, Errante G1, Todros T1, Viora E1.
The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians.J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med.2016 Apr;29(8):1322-7. doi: 10.3109/14767058.2015.1047336. Epub 2015 Jun 24.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether prenatal diagnosis of intestinal midgut volvulus (a rare condition due to the small bowel loops twisting) can improve the prognosis of the newborns.METHODS: In our Prenatal Diagnosis Center, eight cases of intestinal volvulus observed between 2007 and 2014 were retrosp
PMID 26103780

Prevalence of antenatal depressive symptoms among women in Sabah, Malaysia.

Mohamad Yusuff AS1, Tang L2, Binns CW2, Lee AH2.
The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians.J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med.2016 Apr;29(7):1170-4. doi: 10.3109/14767058.2015.1039506. Epub 2015 Jun 3.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of antenatal depression and to assess whether the common risk factors identified in previous studies were applicable to women in Sabah, Malaysia.METHODS: A prospective cohort study of 2072 women was conducted in Sabah during 2009-2010. Participants were recru
PMID 26037724

Japanese Journal

ウシ卵管平滑筋運動を制御する局所因子とその発現制御機構

岡山大学農学部学術報告 105, 29-33, 2016-02-01
NAID 120005697285

不妊治療施設における妊娠初期の看護サービスの検討

母性衛生 56(4), 634-642, 2016-01
NAID 40020711625

症例報告半身麻痺を契機に早期帝王切開分娩に至った乳癌硬膜転移合併妊娠の一例

千葉県産科婦人科医学会雑誌 = Chiba journal of obstetrics and gynecology 9(2), 125-131, 2016
NAID 40020727847

「妊娠初期」

　　[★]

英: first trimester, early pregnancy, first trimester pregnancy
同: 妊娠前期
関: 妊娠期間

妊娠16週未満を指して言う。

超音波診断

経腟超音波により空気を含む腸管の影響を受けずに子宮や付属器の状態を描出できる。
胎嚢は妊娠4-5週に子宮内に認められるようになる。
その後、胎嚢内に卵黄嚢を認めるようになり、それに接して胎芽心拍動を認めるようになる。
妊娠6週目頃には部分的に肥厚した絨毛膜有毛部と菲薄した無毛部に分かれる。

心拍動の確認

妊娠5-6週には胎児心拍動を確認できる。

絨毛膜下血腫

胎嚢に接したエコーフリースペースが認められる場合がある。症状があれば治療を行う。

一絨毛膜双胎と二絨毛膜双胎

妊娠10週頃までに膜性診断をしておくことが重要。

胎児の異常

妊娠10-15週に胎児の形態異常が同定される：中枢神経系異常(無脳症、外脳症)、胎児水腫、腹壁破裂、羊膜索症候群、body stalk anomaly、Potter症候群

生理的な胎児異常

妊娠8-10週に生理的臍帯ヘルニアを認めるが、妊娠12週には腹腔に完納される
妊娠初期に胎児水腫やnuchal translucencyが一過性に見られ、改善することがある。

nuchal translucency

妊娠10-14週において胎児の項部に認められる皮下浮腫がnuchal translucency]]と呼ばれる。3mm以上の場合、異常肥厚と言われる。染色体異常の検出率は28-100%とばらつきがあり、21トリソミー、13トリソミー、18トリソミー、Turner症候群が検出できるが、特に21トリソミーの検出に優れていると言われている。