後期
WordNet
- the stage of meiosis or mitosis when chromosomes move toward opposite ends of the nuclear spindle
- of a later stage in the development of a language or literature; used especially of dead languages; "Late Greek"
- later than usual or than expected; "the train arrived late"; "we awoke late"; "the children came late to school"; "notice came so tardily that we almost missed the deadline"; "I belatedly wished her a happy birthday" (同)belatedly, tardily
- at or toward an end or late period or stage of development; "the late phase of feudalism"; "a later symptom of the disease"; "later medical science could have saved the child" (同)later
- of the immediate past or just previous to the present time; "a late development"; "their late quarrel"; "his recent trip to Africa"; "in recent months"; "a recent issue of the journal" (同)recent
- at an advanced age or stage; "she married late"; "undertook the project late in her career"
- being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time; "late evening"; "late 18th century"; "a late movie"; "took a late flight"; "had a late breakfast"
- having died recently; "her late husband"
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (定刻・通常・予定の時間より)『遅れた』,遅い / (時刻が)『遅い』,遅く始まる,遅くまで続く;夜更けの / (時期が)『遅い』,終りごろの,後期の / 『最近の』,最新の(recent) / 《the~,one's~》『前の』,先の,前任の(former) / 《the~,one's~》『故』…,つい先ごろ死んだ / (定刻などより)『遅れて』,遅く / (時刻が)『遅く』,遅くまで,(特に)夜更けに;(時期が)遅く,終りごろに / 『最近』,近ごろ(recently)
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2016/10/04 06:06:44」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Anaphase (from the Greek ἀνά, "up" and φάσις, "stage"), is the stage of mitosis when replicated chromosomes are split and the daughter chromatids are moved to opposite poles of the cell. Chromosomes also reach their overall maximum condensation in late anaphase, to help chromosome segregation and the re-formation of the nucleus.[1]
Anaphase accounts for approximately 1% of the cell cycle's duration.[citation needed] It begins with the regulated triggering of the metaphase-to-anaphase transition. Metaphase ends with the destruction of B cyclin. B cyclin is marked with ubiquitin which flags it for destruction by proteasomes, which is required for the function of metaphase cyclin-dependent kinases (M-Cdks). Anaphase starts when the anaphase promoting complex marks an inhibitory chaperone called securin with ubiquitin for destruction. Securin is a protein which inhibits a protease known as separase. The destruction of securin unleashes separase which then breaks down cohesin, a protein responsible for holding sister chromatids together.[2] The centromeres are split, and the new daughter chromosomes are pulled toward the poles. They take on a V-shape or Y-shape as they are pulled back.
While the chromosomes are drawn to each side of the cell, the non-kinetochore spindle fibers push against each other, in a ratcheting action, that stretches the cell into an oval.[3]
Once anaphase is complete, the cell moves into telophase.
See also
- Anaphase I
- Anaphase II
- Cdc20
References
- ^ "Chromosome condensation through mitosis". Science Daily. Retrieved 12 June 2007.
- ^ "The Cell Cycle". Kimball's Biology Pages. Retrieved 9 December 2012.
- ^ Hickson, Gilles R X; Arnaud Echard; Patrick H O'Farrell (2006). "Rho-kinase Controls Cell Shape Changes during Cytokinesis". Current Biology. 16 (4): 359–70. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2005.12.043. PMC 1525334. PMID 16488869.
External links
- Media related to Anaphase at Wikimedia Commons
Cell cycle proteins
|
|
Cyclin |
- A (A1, A2)
- B (B1, B2, B3)
- D (D1, D2, D3)
- E (E1, E2)
|
|
CDK |
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8
- 9
- 10
- CDK-activating kinase
|
|
CDK inhibitor |
- INK4a/ARF (p14arf/p16, p15, p18, p19)
- cip/kip (p21, p27, p57)
|
|
P53 p63 p73 family |
|
|
Other |
- Cdc2
- Cdc25
- Cdc42
- Cellular apoptosis susceptibility protein
- E2F
- Maturation promoting factor
- Wee
- Cullin (CUL7)
|
|
Phases and
checkpoints |
Interphase |
- G1 phase
- S phase
- G2 phase
|
|
M phase |
- Mitosis (Preprophase
- Prophase
- Prometaphase
- Metaphase
- Anaphase
- Telophase)
- Cytokinesis
|
|
Cell cycle checkpoints |
- Restriction point
- Spindle checkpoint
- Postreplication checkpoint
|
|
Other cellular phases |
- Apoptosis
- G0 phase
- Meiosis
|
|
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Back to the roots: segregation of univalent sex chromosomes in meiosis.
- Fabig G1, Müller-Reichert T1, Paliulis LV2.
- Chromosoma.Chromosoma.2016 Jun;125(2):277-86. doi: 10.1007/s00412-015-0550-9. Epub 2015 Oct 28.
- In males of many taxa, univalent sex chromosomes normally segregate during the first meiotic division, and analysis of sex chromosome segregation was foundational for the chromosome theory of inheritance. Correct segregation of single or multiple univalent sex chromosomes occurs in a cellular enviro
- PMID 26511278
- Erratum to: Visceral obesity stimulates anaphase bridge formation and spindle assembly checkpoint dysregulation in radioresistant oesophageal adenocarcinoma.
- Mongan AM1, Lynam-Lennon N1, Casey R1, Maher S2, Pidgeon G1, Reynolds JV1, O'Sullivan J3.
- Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico.Clin Transl Oncol.2016 Jun;18(6):651.
- PMID 26590054
- Visceral obesity stimulates anaphase bridge formation and spindle assembly checkpoint dysregulation in radioresistant oesophageal adenocarcinoma.
- Mongan AM1, Lynam-Lennon N1, Casey R1, Maher S2, Pidgeon G1, Reynolds JV1, O'Sullivan J3.
- Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico.Clin Transl Oncol.2016 Jun;18(6):632-40. doi: 10.1007/s12094-015-1411-y. Epub 2015 Oct 16.
- PURPOSE: Oesophageal adenocarcinoma is an exemplar model of obesity-associated cancer. Locally advanced disease is treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, and survival rates are highest in patients demonstrating a pathological response following neoadjuvant therapy. Given that 55 % of oesophage
- PMID 26474871
Japanese Journal
- 細胞板形成における細胞骨格機能のイメージング解析(<特集>情報処理システムとしての植物細胞壁)
- Cytogenetic Analysis of Induced Translocation Heterozygote in Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague
- Morphological, biochemical and male-meiotic characterization of apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) germplasm of Kashmir Valley
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Related Pictures
![Meiosis l Reduction Division](https://1mg.info/0/k/d/0620.jpg)
![The cell cycle Cytokinesis: cytoplasm divides Nucleus divides growth - ppt video](https://1mg.info/0/k/x/2187.jpg)
![Mitosis | hutchbio](https://1mg.info/0/k/x/2188.jpg)
![Anaphase | www.pixshark.com - Images Galleries With A Bite!](https://1mg.info/0/k/x/2189.jpg)
![Cell division images | Big Picture](https://1mg.info/0/k/x/2190.jpg)
![Anaphase | www.pixshark.com - Images Galleries With A Bite!](https://1mg.info/0/k/x/2191.jpg)
![File:Mitosis-Anaphase NIH.JPG - CellBiology](https://1mg.info/0/k/x/2192.jpg)
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- (比較級later-最上級latest)遅い、遅発の、遅発型の、晩発の、後の、後期の
- 関
- after、afterward、afterwards、anaphase、behind、delayed、following、late-stage、post、posterior、slow、subsequent
[★]
- 英
- (細胞分裂の)anaphase、late phase, late stage, later phase, later term, latter period, latter term
- 関
- (細胞分裂の)有糸分裂、減数分裂。
[★]
- 英
- anaphase
- 関
- アナフェイズ、後期
[★]
- 英
- anaphase
- 関
- 後期、分裂後期
[★]
- 関
- anaphase、late
[★]
- 関
- APC、cyclosome