WordNet

a craft designed for water transportation (同)watercraft
an object used as a container (especially for liquids)
a tube in which a body fluid circulates (同)vas
of nerves and nerve impulses; conveying sensory information from the sense organs to the CNS; "afferent nerves"; "afferent impulses"

PrepTutorEJDIC

(比較的大型の)『船』 / (特に液体を入れる)容器,器 / (動植物の)『管』,導管,脈管
(神経・血管などが)求心性の(末梢(まっしょう)から中枢に向かうこと)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/01/07 22:09:39」(JST)

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The afferent arterioles are a group of blood vessels that supply the nephrons in many excretory systems. They play an important role in the regulation of blood pressure as a part of the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism.

The afferent arterioles branch from the renal artery, which supplies blood to the kidneys.

The afferent arterioles later diverge into the capillaries of the glomerulus.

Regulation

When renal blood flow is reduced (indicating hypotension) or there is a decrease in sodium and chloride ion concentration, the macula densa of the distal tubule releases prostaglandins, which cause the juxtaglomerular cells lining the afferent arterioles to release renin, activating the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, to increase blood pressure and increase reabsorption of sodium ions into the bloodstream via aldosterone.

The macula densa cell can also increase the local blood pressure of the afferent arterioles by increasing the synthesis of nitric oxide or decreasing the synthesis of adenosine or ATP.

If the afferent arterioles are constricted then the blood pressure in the capillaries of the kidneys will drop.

Additional images

Renal corpuscle

External links

Physiology: 7/7ch03/7ch03p10 - Essentials of Human Physiology - "Renal Vasculature: Efferent Arterioles & Peritubular Capillaries"
Anatomy photo: Urinary/mammal/vasc0/vasc2 - Comparative Organology at University of California, Davis - "Mammal, renal vasculature (EM, Low)"

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「輸入リンパ管」

Afferent arterioles
	Scheme of renal tubule and its vascular supply. (Label "Afferent vessel" is visible in upper left.)
	Distribution of bloodvessels in cortex of kidney.
Details
Latin	arteriola glomerularis afferens
From	interlobular artery
Supplies	glomerular capillaries
Identifiers
Gray's	p.1221
Dorlands; /Elsevier	a_62/12156661
TA	A08.1.03.005
FMA	77042
	Anatomical terminology