WordNet

place signs, as along a road; "sign an intersection"; "This road has been signed"
(medicine) any objective evidence of the presence of a disorder or disease; "there were no signs of asphyxiation"
a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened); "he showed signs of strain"; "they welcomed the signs of spring" (同)mark
a character indicating a relation between quantities; "dont forget the minus sign"
a fundamental linguistic unit linking a signifier to that which is signified; "The bond between the signifier and the signified is arbitrary"--de Saussure
a gesture that is part of a sign language
a public display of a message; "he posted signs in all the shop windows"
engage by written agreement; "They signed two new pitchers for the next season" (同)contract, sign on, sign_up
approve and express assent, responsibility, or obligation; "All parties ratified the peace treaty"; "Have you signed your contract yet?" (同)ratify
communicate silently and non-verbally by signals or signs; "He signed his disapproval with a dismissive hand gesture"; "The diner signaled the waiters to bring the menu" (同)signal, signalize, signalise
mark with ones signature; write ones name (on); "She signed the letter and sent it off"; "Please sign here" (同)subscribe
be engaged by a written agreement; "He signed to play the casino on Dec. 18"; "The soprano signed to sing the new opera"
communicate in sign language; "I dont know how to sign, so I could not communicate with my deaf cousin"
having a handwritten signature; "a signed letter"

PrepTutorEJDIC

(ある事実・状態・感情などの)『表れ』,印,気配,徴侯(indication);(…の)こん跡,計跡《+『of』+『名』》・『身ぶり』,手まね,合図 / 『標識』,看板 / (数学・音楽などの)記号 / (…の)『象徴』,シンボル(symbol)《+『of』+『名』》・《文》(…の)『前兆』,きざし《+『of』+『名』》・宮(きゅう)(黄道12区分の一つ) ・〈手紙・書類・作品など〉‘に'『署名する』・(…に)〈名前など〉‘を'書く《+『名』+『on』(『to』)+『名』》 / …‘を'雇う契約に署名する・…‘を'合図する,知らせる;…に合図する・署名する・契約書に署名して雇われる
=ti

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/03/16 01:27:46」(JST)

wiki en

In chest radiography, the Westermark sign is a sign that represents a focus of oligemia (hypovolemia) (leading to collapse of vessel) seen distal to a pulmonary embolism (PE).^[1] While the chest x-ray is normal in the majority of PE cases,^[2] the Westermark sign is seen in 2% of patients.^[3]

The sign results from a combination of:

the dilation of the pulmonary arteries proximal to the embolus and
the collapse of the distal vasculature creating the appearance of a sharp cut off on chest radiography.

Sensitivity and specificity

The Westermark sign, like Hampton's hump (a wedge shaped, pleural based consolidation associated with pulmonary infarction), has a low sensitivity (11%) and high specificity (92%) for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism.^[4]

References

^ Ray J (2003). "Westermark sign and suspected pulmonary embolism.". Can J Cardiol 19 (3): 317; author reply 317. PMID 12680403.
^ Introduction to Chest Radiography. http://www.med-ed.virginia.edu/courses/rad/cxr/index.html
^ Worsley D, Alavi A, Aronchick J, Chen J, Greenspan R, Ravin C (1993). "Chest radiographic findings in patients with acute pulmonary embolism: observations from the PIOPED Study.". Radiology 189 (1): 133–6. doi:10.1148/radiology.189.1.8372182. PMID 8372182.
^ Gurney J. CT: Diagnosis of Pulmonary Embolism. chestx-ray.com. Available at: http://www.chestx-ray.com/Lectures/PulmEmbLecture/PulmEmbolus.pdf. Accessed on: November 13, 2006.

This medical sign article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Images in clinical medicine. Westermark sign in pulmonary embolism.

Krishnan AS, Barrett T.SourceAddenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
The New England journal of medicine.N Engl J Med.2012 Mar 15;366(11):e16.
PMID 22417276

Signs in chest imaging.

Algın O, Gökalp G, Topal U.SourceDepartment of Radiology, Uludağ University School of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey. droktayalgin@gmail.com
Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey).Diagn Interv Radiol.2011 Mar;17(1):18-29. Epub 2010 Jul 28.
A radiological sign can sometimes resemble a particular object or pattern and is often highly suggestive of a group of similar pathologies. Awareness of such similarities can shorten the differential diagnosis list. Many such signs have been described for X-ray and computed tomography (CT) images. I
PMID 20669122