WordNet

take a siesta; "She naps everyday after lunch for an hour" (同)catnap, catch a wink
sleeping for a short period of time (usually not in bed) (同)catnap, cat sleep, forty_winks, short sleep, snooze
a soft or fuzzy surface texture
the 14th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)n

PrepTutorEJDIC

(特に日中の)『ひと眠り』,昼寝 / ひと眼りする,まどろむ
(ラシャなどの)けば
ナポレオン(カードゲームの一種)
〈新聞記者などが〉〈勝ち馬の名〉‘を'予想する
nitrogenの化学記号

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1. 成人におけるクロストリジウム・ディフィシル：治療 clostridium difficile in adults treatment
2. 成人におけるクロストリジウム・ディフィシル：疫学、微生物学、および病態生理 clostridium difficile in adults epidemiology microbiology and pathophysiology
3. 小児におけるクロストリジウムディフィシル感染：微生物学、病因、および疫学 clostridium difficile infection in children microbiology pathogenesis and epidemiology
4. 病院および施設におけるクロストリジウム・ディフィシルの予防および管理 prevention and control of clostridium difficile in hospital and institutional settings

English Journal

Is there an association between peripheral immune markers and structural/functional neuroimaging findings?

Frodl T, Amico F.Author information Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland; Adelaide and Meath incorporating the National's Children Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. Electronic address: frodlt@tcd.ie.AbstractOBJECTIVES: There is mounting evidence that inflammatory processes play a key role in emotional as well as cognitive dysfunctions. In this context, research employing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MR spectroscopy) suggests a possible link between structural/functional anomalies in the brain and an increase of circulating inflammation markers. The present paper reviews this research, with particular focus on major depressive disorder (MDD), cognitive impairment in older adults, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and schizophrenia.
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry.Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry.2014 Jan 3;48:295-303. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.12.013. Epub 2013 Jan 11.
OBJECTIVES: There is mounting evidence that inflammatory processes play a key role in emotional as well as cognitive dysfunctions. In this context, research employing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MR spectroscopy) suggests a possible link between structural/fu
PMID 23313563

The role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the neuroinflammation and neurogenesis of schizophrenia.

Na KS, Jung HY, Kim YK.Author information Department of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea.AbstractSchizophrenia is a serious mental illness with chronic symptoms and significant impairment in psychosocial functioning. Although novel antipsychotics have been developed, the negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia are still unresponsive to pharmacotherapy. The high level of social impairment and a chronic deteriorating course suggest that schizophrenia likely has neurodegenerative characteristics. Inflammatory markers such as pro-inflammatory cytokines are well-known etiological factors for psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia. Inflammation in the central nervous system is closely related to neurodegeneration. In addition to pro-inflammatory cytokines, microglia also play an important role in the inflammatory process in the CNS. Uncontrolled activity of pro-inflammatory cytokines and microglia can induce schizophrenia in tandem with genetic vulnerability and glutamatergic neurotransmitters. Several studies have investigated the possible effects of antipsychotics on inflammation and neurogenesis. Additionally, anti-inflammatory adjuvant therapy has been under investigation as a treatment option for schizophrenia. Further studies should consider the confounding effects of systemic factors such as metabolic syndrome and smoking. In addition, the unique mechanisms by which pro-inflammatory cytokines are involved in the etiopathology of schizophrenia should be investigated. In this article, we aimed to review (1) major findings regarding neuroinflammation and pro-inflammatory cytokine alterations in schizophrenia, (2) interactions between neuroinflammation and neurogenesis as possible neural substrates for schizophrenia, and (3) novel pharmacological approaches.
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry.Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry.2014 Jan 3;48:277-86. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.10.022. Epub 2012 Nov 1.
Schizophrenia is a serious mental illness with chronic symptoms and significant impairment in psychosocial functioning. Although novel antipsychotics have been developed, the negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia are still unresponsive to pharmacotherapy. The high level of social impairme
PMID 23123365

Therapeutic effect of inhaled budesonide (Pulmicort(®) Turbuhaler) on the inflammatory response to one-lung ventilation.

Ju NY, Gao H, Huang W, Niu FF, Lan WX, Li F, Gao W.Author information Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.AbstractThis prospective, double-blind trial was designed to evaluate the effect of inhaled budesonide on lung function and the inflammatory response to one-lung ventilation. One hundred patients scheduled for lobectomy were allocated randomly to pre-operative nebulised budesonide or saline. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples were collected from either the collapsed or the ventilated lung both before one-lung ventilation and 30 min after re-expansion of the lung. The concentrations of serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytokines were determined. Budesonide treatment, compared with saline, reduced both peak (mean (SD) 3.7 (0.4) vs 2.5 (0.2) kPa) and plateau (mean (SD) 3.1 (0.2) vs 2.2 (0.1) kPa, respectively, p < 0.001 for both) ventilatory pressures. Thirty minutes after re-expansion, lung compliance increased in the budesonide group compared with saline (57.5 (4.1) vs 40.1 (3.5) ml.cmH2 O(-1) , respectively p < 0.001). Budesonide also reduced the concentrations of tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, but increased interleukin-10 30 min after re-expansion (p < 0.05 for all measures). Pre-operative nebulisation of budesonide may be effective in improving ventilatory mechanics and reducing the inflammatory response to one-lung ventilation during thoracic surgery.
Anaesthesia.Anaesthesia.2014 Jan;69(1):14-23. doi: 10.1111/anae.12479. Epub 2013 Oct 28.
This prospective, double-blind trial was designed to evaluate the effect of inhaled budesonide on lung function and the inflammatory response to one-lung ventilation. One hundred patients scheduled for lobectomy were allocated randomly to pre-operative nebulised budesonide or saline. Bronchoalveolar
PMID 24164087

Japanese Journal

客観的・主観的指標を用いた交代勤務看護師の睡眠評価

産業衛生学雑誌 56(3), 67-73, 2014
NAID 130004464055

16時間夜勤を行う看護師の主観的眠気の発現

労働科学 89(6), 218-224, 2013
NAID 130005088889

眠りモニター<sup>®</sup>を用いた14時間夜勤看護師の夜勤中にとる仮眠の睡眠構築と夜勤前の睡眠調整

労働科学 89(6), 206-212, 2013
NAID 130005088887

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