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Mycobacterium kansasii is a bacterium in the Mycobacterium family. The genus includes species known to cause serious diseases in mammals, including tuberculosis and leprosy,^[2] but this species is generally not dangerous to healthy people.

Description

Gram-positive, nonmotile, moderately long to long and acid-fast rods.

Colony characteristics

Smooth to rough colonies after 7 or more days of incubation.
Colonies grown in dark are nonpigmented, when grown in light or when young colonies are exposed briefly to light, colonies become brilliant yellow (photochromogenic).
If grown in a lighted incubator, most strains form dark red crystals of β-carotene on the surface and inside of colony.

Physiology

Growth on Middlebrook 7H10 agar at 37°C within 7 days or more.
Resistant to pyrazinamide.
Susceptible to ethambutol.

Differential characteristics

Closely related to the non-pathogenic, also slowly growing, nonpigmented, M. gastri.
Both species share an identical 16S rDNA but differentiation is possible by differences in the ITS and hsp65 sequences
A commercial hybridisation assay (AccuProbe) to identify M. kansasii exists.

Pathogenesis

Chronic human pulmonary disease resembling tuberculosis (involvement of the upper lobe).^[3]
Extrapulmonary infections, (cervical lymphadenitis in children, cutaneous and soft tissues infections and musculoskeletal system involvement), are uncommon.
Rarely causes disseminated disease except in patients with severely impaired cellular immunity (patients with organ transplants or AIDS).
Patients with silicosis are at risk.
Also appears in patients with hairy cell leukemia, but not in other lymphoproliferative disorders.^[4]
Mycobacterium kansasii occasionally involves the skin in a sporotrichoid pattern.^[5]^:341
Normally considered not to be contagious from person to person.
Natural sources of infections unclear. Tap water is believed to be the major reservoir associated with human disease.
Biosafety level 2

Type strain

First and most frequently isolated from human pulmonary secretions and lesions.

Strain ATCC 12478 = CIP 104589 = DSM 44162 = JCM 6379 = NCTC 13024.

References

^ Hauduroy, P. (1955). Derniers aspects du monde des mycobactéries. Paris: Masson et Cie. OCLC 876707134.
^ Ryan KJ; Ray CG, eds. (2004). Sherris Medical Microbiology (4th ed.). McGraw Hill. ISBN 0-8385-8529-9.
^ Mycobacterium Kansasii at eMedicine
^ Wintrobe, Maxwell Myer (2004). Wintrobe's clinical hematology. John G. Greer; John Foerster, John N. Lukens, George M Rodgers, Frixos Paraskevas (11 ed.). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 2467. ISBN 0-7817-3650-1.
^ James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical Dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.

External Links

"Mycobacterium kansasii". NCBI Taxonomy Browser. 1768.

UpToDate Contents

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1. HIV陰性患者における肺非結核性抗酸菌感染症の治療 treatment of nontuberculous mycobacterial infections of the lung in hiv negative patients
2. HIV陰性患者における非結核性抗酸菌感染症の概要 overview of nontuberculous mycobacterial infections in hiv negative patients
3. HIV感染患者における非結核性抗酸菌（MACを除く）の概要 overview of nontuberculous mycobacteria excluding mac in hiv infected patients
4. 非結核性抗酸菌感染症の疫学 epidemiology of nontuberculous mycobacterial infections
5. 非結核性抗酸菌の微生物学 microbiology of nontuberculous mycobacteria

English Journal

Molecular Analysis of Mycobacteria Isolated in Mexican Patients with Different Immunodeficiencies in a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Cortés-Torres N, González-Y-Merchand JA, González-Bonilla C, García-Elorriaga G.SourceImmunology and Infectious Disease Research Unit, Hospital de Infectología, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza (CMNR), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico.
Archives of medical research.Arch Med Res.2013 Sep 17. pii: S0188-4409(13)00185-9. doi: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2013.09.002. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The prevalence of infections with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) species in patients with immunodeficiencies in Mexico is unknown. The aim of this study was to identify, at the molecular level, the mycobacterial species most frequently af
PMID 24054995

Conformational Folding of Mycobacterial Methoxy and Ketomycolic Acids Facilitated by α-Methyl trans-Cyclopropane Groups rather than cis-Cyclopropane Units.

Villeneuve M, Kawai M, Horiuchi K, Watanabe M, Aoyagi Y, Hitotsuyanagi Y, Takeya K, Gouda H, Hirono S, Minnikin DE.SourceDivision of Material Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University;
Microbiology (Reading, England).Microbiology.2013 Sep 6. [Epub ahead of print]
The oxygenated long-chain mycolic acids from many mycobacteria are characterized by the presence of mid-chain cyclopropane groups, which can have either cis-configuration or trans-configuration with an adjacent methyl branch. To determine the effect of these functional groups on mycolic acid conform
PMID 24014663

The combination of real-time PCR and HPLC for the identification of non-tuberculous mycobacteria.

Park JS, Choi JI, Lim JH, Ahn JJ, Jegal Y, Seo KW, Ra SW, Jeon JB, Lee SH, Kim SR, Jeong J.SourceDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea.
Annals of laboratory medicine.Ann Lab Med.2013 Sep;33(5):349-52. doi: 10.3343/alm.2013.33.5.349. Epub 2013 Aug 8.
We used HPLC and AdvanSure real-time PCR (LG Life Sciences, Korea) to retrospectively analyze non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in 133 clinical specimens. The specimens were culture-positive for NTM and the HPLC method identified 130 strains of mycobacteria from the cultures (97.7%) at the species
PMID 24003425

Japanese Journal

気管支鏡検査が有用であった縦隔リンパ節腫大を伴う肺カンサシー症の1例

毛利圭二,小橋吉博,池田征樹,大植祥弘,尾長谷靖,加藤茂樹,岡三喜男
気管支学 : 日本気管支研究会雑誌 34(6), 588-593, 2012-11-25
… 53歳,男性.既往歴で明らかな呼吸器基礎疾患や免疫不全状態はなかった.発熱精査で当院他科を受診.胸部CTで右上葉に結節影および#4Rの縦隔リンパ節腫大を認めたため,当科を受診した.肺内結節に対しては気管支肺胞洗浄液,縦隔リンパ節に対しては気管支鏡下リンパ節穿刺吸引液の抗酸菌培養検査からいずれもMycobacterium kansasiiが同定された.この結果から, M. …
NAID 110009562566

Use of Morphological Evaluation Using Ziehl-Neelsen Stain for Diagnosis of Mycobacterium kansasii

SARAYA Takeshi,SHIMODA Masashi,TANAKA Yasutaka,MAKINO Hiroshi,ARAKI Koji,TAKIZAWA Hajime,GOTO Hajime
General medicine 13(1), 53-54, 2012-06-01
NAID 10030971641

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

国試過去問	「104I008」
リンク元	「ラニヨン分類」「カンサシ菌」「マイコバクテリウム・カンサシ」「カンサシイ菌」「M. kansasii」
関連記事	「Mycobacterium」「kansasii」

「104I008」

Mycobacterium kansasii
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Actinobacteria
Order:	Actinomycetales
Suborder:	Corynebacterineae
Family:	Mycobacteriaceae
Genus:	Mycobacterium
Species:	M. kansasii
Binomial name
	Mycobacterium kansasii; Hauduroy 1955, ATCC 12478

　　[★]

人工培地で発育しない菌はどれか。

[正答]

※国試ナビ4※　［104I007］←［国試_104］→［104I009］

「ラニヨン分類」

　　[★]

英: Runyon classification
同: Runyon分類
関: 抗酸菌

[show details]

ラニアン分類 : 1 件
ラニャン分類 : nothing
ラニヤン分類 : 
ラニョン分類 : 
ラニヨン分類 : 4 件

ラニアン分類 Runyon : nothing
ラニャン分類 Runyon : nothing
ラニヤン分類 Runyon : 
ラニョン分類 Runyon : 
ラニヨン分類 Runyon : 3 件

分類				菌種名
培養可能菌	遅発育菌	結核菌群		Mycobacterium tuberculosis
				Mycobacterium bovis
				Mycobacterium microti
				Mycobacterium africanum
		非結核性抗酸菌群	I群菌光発色菌	Mycobacterium kansasii
				Mycobacterium marinum
				Mycobacterium simiae
				Mycobacterium asiaticum
			II群菌暗発色菌	Mycobacterium flavescens
				Mycobacterium gordonae
				Mycobacterium scrofulaceum
				Mycobacterium szulgai
			III群菌非光発色菌	Mycobacterium avium complex
				Mycobacterium celatum
				Mycobacterium haemophilum
				Mycobacterium gastri
				Mycobacterium genavense
				Mycobacterium malmoense
				Mycobacterium nonchromogenicum
				Mycobacterium shimoidei
				Mycobacterium terrae
				Mycobacterium trivale
				Mycobacterium ulcerans
				Mycobacterium xenopi
	迅速発育菌		IV群菌	Mycobacterium abscessus
				Mycobacterium fortuitum group
				Mycobacterium chelonae group
				Mycobacterium phlei
				Mycobacterium smegmatis
				Mycobacterium vaccae
培養不能菌				Mycobacterium leprae