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the 13th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)m
the imperial dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644 (同)Ming dynasty
a form of address for a woman (同)Ms.

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Mach number / mark[s] / Monsieur
(中国の)明,明朝(1368‐1644)
mendeleviumの化学記号

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/11/03 19:22:58」(JST)

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Mycobacterium kansasii is a bacterium in the Mycobacterium family. The genus includes species known to cause serious diseases in mammals, including tuberculosis and leprosy,^[2] but this species is generally not dangerous to healthy people.

Description[edit]

Gram-positive, nonmotile, moderately long to long and acid-fast rods.

Colony characteristics

Smooth to rough colonies after 7 or more days of incubation.
Colonies grown in dark are nonpigmented, when grown in light or when young colonies are exposed briefly to light, colonies become brilliant yellow (photochromogenic).
If grown in a lighted incubator, most strains form dark red crystals of β-carotene on the surface and inside of colony.

Physiology

Growth on Middlebrook 7H10 agar at 37°C within 7 days or more.
Resistant to pyrazinamide.
Susceptible to ethambutol.

Differential characteristics

Closely related to the non-pathogenic, also slowly growing, nonpigmented, M. gastri.
Both species share an identical 16S rDNA but differentiation is possible by differences in the ITS and hsp65 sequences
A commercial hybridisation assay (AccuProbe) to identify M. kansasii exists.

Pathogenesis[edit]

Chronic human pulmonary disease resembling tuberculosis (involvement of the upper lobe).^[3]
Extrapulmonary infections, (cervical lymphadenitis in children, cutaneous and soft tissues infections and musculoskeletal system involvement), are uncommon.
Rarely causes disseminated disease except in patients with severely impaired cellular immunity (patients with organ transplants or AIDS).
Patients with silicosis are at risk.
Also appears in patients with hairy cell leukemia, but not in other lymphoproliferative disorders.^[4]
Mycobacterium kansasii occasionally involves the skin in a sporotrichoid pattern.^[5]^:341
Normally considered not to be contagious from person to person.
Natural sources of infections unclear. Tap water is believed to be the major reservoir associated with human disease.
Biosafety level 2

Type Strain[edit]

First and most frequently isolated from human pulmonary secretions and lesions.

Strain ATCC 12478 = CIP 104589 = DSM 44162 = JCM 6379 = NCTC 13024.

References[edit]

^ Hauduroy,P. 1955. Derniers aspects du monde des mycobactéries. Masson et Cie, Paris, 1955.
^ Ryan KJ, Ray CG (editors) (2004). Sherris Medical Microbiology (4th ed. ed.). McGraw Hill. ISBN 0-8385-8529-9.
^ http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/223230-overview
^ Wintrobe, Maxwell Myer (2004). Wintrobe's clinical hematology. John G. Greer; John Foerster, John N. Lukens, George M Rodgers, Frixos Paraskevas (11 ed.). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 2467. ISBN 0-7817-3650-1.
^ James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical Dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.

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1. HIV陰性患者における肺非結核性抗酸菌感染症の治療 treatment of nontuberculous mycobacterial infections of the lung in hiv negative patients
2. HIV陰性患者における非結核性抗酸菌感染症の概要 overview of nontuberculous mycobacterial infections in hiv negative patients
3. HIV感染患者における非結核性抗酸菌（MACを除く）の概要 overview of nontuberculous mycobacteria excluding mac in hiv infected patients
4. 非結核性抗酸菌感染症の疫学 epidemiology of nontuberculous mycobacterial infections
5. 非結核性抗酸菌感染症の病因 pathogenesis of nontuberculous mycobacterial infections

English Journal

Rapid and Accurate Identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex and Common Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria by Multiplex Real-Time PCR Targeting Different Housekeeping Genes.

Nasr Esfahani B, Rezaei Yazdi H, Moghim S, Ghasemian Safaei H, Zarkesh Esfahani H.SourceDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Esfahān, Iran.
Current microbiology.Curr Microbiol.2012 Nov;65(5):493-9. Epub 2012 Jul 14.
Rapid and accurate identification of mycobacteria isolates from primary culture is important due to timely and appropriate antibiotic therapy. Conventional methods for identification of Mycobacterium species based on biochemical tests needs several weeks and may remain inconclusive. In this study, a
PMID 22797866

Temporal interferon-gamma release response to Mycobacterium kansasii infection in an anorexia nervosa patient.

Cosson MA, Bertrand JB, Martin C, Veziris N, Picard C, Goulvestre C, Coignard S, Benoit JP, Silvera S, Moro MR, Poyart C, Morand PC.Source1Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 15 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France.
Journal of medical microbiology.J Med Microbiol.2012 Nov;61(Pt 11):1617-20. doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.042739-0. Epub 2012 Aug 2.
Due to the differences in the management of Mycobacterium kansasii disease and tuberculosis, an accurate diagnosis is required. This report, which describes what we believe to be the first documented case of M. kansasii infection in a patient suffering from anorexia nervosa, sheds light on the possi
PMID 22859583

Japanese Journal

1大学病院におけるMycobacterium kansasii菌株のhsp65-PRA法を用いた遺伝子型別と分離状況の検討

火石あゆみ,田澤節子,新井祐司 [他]
日本臨床微生物学雑誌 22(1), 49-53, 2012
NAID 40019282691

Mycobacterium kansasii の疫学と分子疫学的研究の現状 : (その2)分子疫学的研究について

吉田志緒美,斎藤肇,鈴木克洋
結核 86(7), 681-684, 2011-07-15
NAID 10029531781

「カンサシ菌」

Mycobacterium kansasii
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Actinobacteria
Order:	Actinomycetales
Suborder:	Corynebacterineae
Family:	Mycobacteriaceae
Genus:	Mycobacterium
Species:	M. kansasii
Binomial name
	Mycobacterium kansasii; Hauduroy 1955, ATCC 12478