WordNet

an artifact that is one of the individual parts of which a composite entity is made up; especially a part that can be separated from or attached to a system; "spare components for cars"; "a component or constituent element of a system" (同)constituent, element
an abstract part of something; "jealousy was a component of his character"; "two constituents of a musical composition are melody and harmony"; "the grammatical elements of a sentence"; "a key factor in her success"; "humor: an effective ingredient of a s (同)constituent, element, factor, ingredient
the 13th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)m
the imperial dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644 (同)Ming dynasty
a form of address for a woman (同)Ms.

PrepTutorEJDIC

構成している,成分の / 構成要素,成分
Mach number / mark[s] / Monsieur
(中国の)明,明朝(1368‐1644)
mendeleviumの化学記号

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/12/27 13:17:21」(JST)

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Serum protein electrophoresis showing a paraprotein (peak in the gamma zone) in a patient with multiple myeloma.

A paraprotein is an immunoglobulin or immunoglobulin light-chain that is produced in excess by the clonal proliferation of plasma cells. Detection of paraproteins in the urine or blood is most often associated with benign MGUS (monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance), where they remain "silent",^[1] and multiple myeloma. An excess in the blood is known as paraproteinemia. Paraproteins form a narrow band, or 'spike' in protein electrophoresis as they are all exactly the same protein.

Paraproteins are also referred to as "M proteins," where the "M" stands for "monoclonal."

Monoclonal free light chains in the serum or urine are called Bence Jones proteins.

History

The concept and term were introduced by the Berlin pathologist Dr Kurt Apitz in 1940,^[2] at that time the Oberarzt of the pathological institute at the Charité hospital.^[3]

Paraproteins allowed the detailed study of immunoglobulins, which eventually led to the production of monoclonal antibodies in 1975.

Interpretation upon detection

Blood serum paraprotein levels of more than 30 g/L is diagnostic of multiple myeloma, according to the diagnostic criteria of the International Myeloma Working Group,^[4] which were updated in 2009.^[5] Detection of paraprotein in serum of less than 30 g/L is classified as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance in cases where clonal plasma cells constitute less than 10% on bone marrow biopsy and there are no myeloma-related organ or tissue impairment.^[4]^[5]

References

^ Maniatis A (1998). "Pathophysiology of paraprotein production.". Ren Fail 20 (6): 821–8. doi:10.3109/08860229809045179. PMID 9834980.
^ Apitz K. Die Paraproteinosen. Über die Störungen des Eiweißstoffwechsels bei Plasmozytomen. Virchows Arch Pathol Anat 1940;306:630-699.
^ McDevitt HO. Albert Hewett Coons. In: "Biographical Memoirs", National Academy of Sciences 1996;69:26-37. ISBN 0-309-05346-3. Fulltext.
^ ^a ^b International Myeloma Working Group (2003). "Criteria for the classification of monoclonal gammopathies, multiple myeloma and related disorders: a report of the International Myeloma Working Group". Br. J. Haematol. 121 (5): 749–57. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2141.2003.04355.x. PMID 12780789.
^ ^a ^b Kyle RA, Rajkumar SV (January 2009). "Criteria for diagnosis, staging, risk stratification and response assessment of multiple myeloma". Leukemia 23 (1): 3–9. doi:10.1038/leu.2008.291. PMC 2627786. PMID 18971951. http://www.nature.com/leu/journal/v23/n1/full/leu2008291a.html.

External links

Paraproteins at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
Educational Resource for Paraproteins
Paraprotein typing

This protein-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

UpToDate Contents

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1. モノクローナルタンパクの認識 recognition of monoclonal proteins
2. 免疫グロブリン軽鎖（AL）アミロイドーシス（原発性アミロイドーシス）の臨床像、
検査所見、および診断 clinical presentation laboratory manifestations and diagnosis of immunoglobulin light chain al amyloidosis primary amyloidosis
3. 血漿成分の臨床使用 clinical use of plasma components
4. 多発性骨髄腫の臨床的特徴、検査所見、および診断 clinical features laboratory manifestations and diagnosis of multiple myeloma
5. 血管内腹部大動脈修復の合併症 complications of endovascular abdominal aortic repair

English Journal

Techniques and applications of perioperative therapeutic plasma exchange.

Roman PE, Devore AD, Welsby IJ.Author information aDepartment of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland bDepartment of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham cDivision of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.AbstractPURPOSE OF REVIEW: Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is a useful adjunct in the management of antibody-mediated disorders. The indications for TPE now include the perioperative setting. This review updates the anesthesiologist on the relevant clinical indications and precautions of plasma exchange.
Current opinion in anaesthesiology.Curr Opin Anaesthesiol.2014 Feb;27(1):57-64. doi: 10.1097/ACO.0000000000000037.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is a useful adjunct in the management of antibody-mediated disorders. The indications for TPE now include the perioperative setting. This review updates the anesthesiologist on the relevant clinical indications and precautions of plasma exchange.R
PMID 24335592

A triclonal gammopathy in a relapsing multiple myeloma patient, detected by immunosubtraction method.

Aksungar FB, Ayer M, Serteser M, Coskun A, Unsal I.Author information Department of Biochemistry, Acibadem Labmed Clinical Laboratories, Istanbul, Turkey.AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell dyscrasia characterized by the malignant proliferation of a plasma cell clone that produces a monoclonal immunoglobulin. Diagnosis and management of patients with monoclonal gammopathies depend on accurate identification and characterization of monoclonal proteins. We present a 67-year-old male patient with anaemia, weakness and weight loss for six months. His physical examination was normal with no fever, and no bone lesions were present in the imaging studies. Laboratory investigations revealed low haemoglobin and albumin concentrations with high total protein and beta 2-microglobulin concentrations. Capillary zone electrophoresis with immunosubtraction method revealed a triclonal pattern of M-protein (IgG κ + IgG λ + IgA κ) which was not prominent with immunofixation electrophoresis. After bone marrow biopsy, MM with triclonal gammopathy was diagnosed and autologous stem cell transplantation was performed. Six months later, again a triclonal M-protein was detected by immunosubtraction method, and a relapse was confirmed with a second bone marrow biopsy. The occurrence of monoclonal and biclonal gammopathies can often be seen upon diagnosis in plasma cell dyscrasias and lymphoproliferative disorders, but triclonal paraproteins are very rare and their clinical significance is unknown. In this particular patient, triclonality was detected by an alternative method called immunosubtraction by capillary electrophoresis. The patient was resistant to therapy suggesting that more than one monoclonal M protein may be a negative prognostic factor, and with new technologies and methods, the number of patients with different monoclonal patterns may increase.
Annals of clinical biochemistry.Ann Clin Biochem.2013 Dec 20. [Epub ahead of print]
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell dyscrasia characterized by the malignant proliferation of a plasma cell clone that produces a monoclonal immunoglobulin. Diagnosis and management of patients with monoclonal gammopathies depend on accurate identification and characterization of monoclonal prote
PMID 24361990

[Multiple myeloma with significant multifocal osteolysis in a dog without a detectible gammopathy].

Souchon F, Koch A, Sohns A.Author information Dr. Franziska Souchon, Tierärztliche Klinik Oerzen, Osterwiese 10, 21409 Embsen-Oerzen, E-Mail: Dr.Souchon@gmx.net.AbstractDescription of a variant of multiple myeloma in a dog lacking the gammopathy normally associated with this type of neoplasm. A Border Collie mongrel was presented with symptoms of progressive hind-leg weakness, lethargy and tiredness, which had started to appear 6 weeks previously. Radiographic examination showed small osteolytic areas in the spinal column, but also diffuse small areas of increased opacity as well as evidence of decreased bone density in the pelvis and of both femoral necks. Moderate regenerative anaemia, hypogammopathy and hypercalcaemia were diagnosed. Computed tomography scans displayed multifocal osteolysis and bone destruction in the skull, spinal column, scapulae, proximal humeri, pelvis and femoral necks. H&E staining of the biopsies showed bone destruction and monomorphic plasmacyotid cell populations, causing infiltrative bone marrow lesions and osteolysis. In many areas neoplastic plasma cell infiltration of the bone marrow was 70% and in some areas reached 100%. The diagnosis was non-secretory multiple myeloma without apparent secretion of paraproteins into the blood.
Tierärztliche Praxis. Ausgabe K, Kleintiere/Heimtiere.Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere.2013 Dec 10;41(6):413-20.
Description of a variant of multiple myeloma in a dog lacking the gammopathy normally associated with this type of neoplasm. A Border Collie mongrel was presented with symptoms of progressive hind-leg weakness, lethargy and tiredness, which had started to appear 6 weeks previously. Radiographic exam
PMID 24326882

Japanese Journal

音声対話での利用を目的としたDeep Neural Networkによるユーザ発話のトピック分類方法の検討

本間健,神田直之
情報処理学会研究報告. 自然言語処理研究会報告 2014-NL-216(17), 1-6, 2014-05-15
ユーザの自由な言い回しを許容する音声対話システムにおいて,ユーザ発話が属する話題を分類する技術 (トピック分類技術) は,基本技術の 1 つである.本研究では,近年注目されている Deep Neural Network (DNN) をトピック分類に適用し,有効性を評価した.NIST の TREC 質問応答トラックで使われた英語質問文データ (約 5,500 文) を学習データとし,入力質問文が 5 …
NAID 110009770573

音声対話での利用を目的としたDeep Neural Networkによるユーザ発話のトピック分類方法の検討

本間健,神田直之
情報処理学会研究報告. SLP, 音声言語情報処理 2014-SLP-101(17), 1-6, 2014-05-15
ユーザの自由な言い回しを許容する音声対話システムにおいて,ユーザ発話が属する話題を分類する技術 (トピック分類技術) は,基本技術の 1 つである.本研究では,近年注目されている Deep Neural Network (DNN) をトピック分類に適用し,有効性を評価した.NIST の TREC 質問応答トラックで使われた英語質問文データ (約 5,500 文) を学習データとし,入力質問文が 5 …
NAID 110009770551

Robust Object Detection by Voting in Multiple Feature Spaces

Zhipeng Wang,Matasaka Kagesawa,Shintaro Ono,Katsushi Ikeuchi
情報処理学会研究報告. CVIM, [コンピュータビジョンとイメージメディア] 2014-CVIM-192(31), 1-12, 2014-05-08
… Three detection methods are proposed, and the most important component is a voting system in each method. …
NAID 110009766967

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「M蛋白」
関連記事	「component」「Md」「M」

「M蛋白」

　　[★]

英: M protein
同: Mタンパク質、Mタンパク、M蛋白質。M成分 M component、単クローン性蛋白質 monoclonal protein、単クローン性免疫グロブリン monoclonal immunoglobulin
関: [[]]

[show details]

M蛋白 : 約 29,900 件
M蛋白質 : 約 2,580 件
Mタンパク : 約 3,560 件
Mタンパク質 : 約 2,570 件

概念

LAB.486

正常では存在しない。抗体産生細胞の異常により産生される単クローン性免疫グロブリン

原因

多発性骨髄腫、原発性マクログロブリン血症
良性M蛋白 monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, MGUS

臨床関連

M蛋白血症 = 単クローン性免疫グロブリン血症

「component」

　　[★]

n.

成分、構成成分、構成要素、コンポーネント

関: building block、composition、constituent、element、ingredient、moiety

「Md」

　　[★] メンデレビウム mendelevium 　

「M」

　　[★] メチオニン methionine 　　

[1] Maniatis A (1998). "Pathophysiology of paraprotein production.". Ren Fail 20 (6): 821–8. doi:10.3109/08860229809045179. PMID 9834980.

[2] Apitz K. Die Paraproteinosen. Über die Störungen des Eiweißstoffwechsels bei Plasmozytomen. Virchows Arch Pathol Anat 1940;306:630-699.

[3] McDevitt HO. Albert Hewett Coons. In: "Biographical Memoirs", National Academy of Sciences 1996;69:26-37. ISBN 0-309-05346-3. Fulltext.

[IMWG2003-4] International Myeloma Working Group (2003). "Criteria for the classification of monoclonal gammopathies, multiple myeloma and related disorders: a report of the International Myeloma Working Group". Br. J. Haematol. 121 (5): 749–57. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2141.2003.04355.x. PMID 12780789.

[imwg2009-5] Kyle RA, Rajkumar SV (January 2009). "Criteria for diagnosis, staging, risk stratification and response assessment of multiple myeloma". Leukemia 23 (1): 3–9. doi:10.1038/leu.2008.291. PMC 2627786. PMID 18971951. http://www.nature.com/leu/journal/v23/n1/full/leu2008291a.html.

匿名

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案内

案内

M component