L/S比
WordNet
- give (hair) the appearance of being fuller by using a rat
- a pad (usually made of hair) worn as part of a womans coiffure
- any of various long-tailed rodents similar to but larger than a mouse
- catch rats, especially with dogs
- desert ones party or group of friends, for example, for ones personal advantage
- employ scabs or strike breakers in
- the relative magnitudes of two quantities (usually expressed as a quotient)
- the 12th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)l
- the 19th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)s
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 『ネズミ』 / ひきょう者,裏切り者 / ネズミをつかまえる / 《話》(人を)裏切る,密告する《+『on』+『名』〈人〉》
- 『比』,比率,『割合』;『比例』
- lira(イタリアの貨幣単位リラ)
- sulfurの化学記号 / {略}South[ern]
- liter[s]
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/07/29 16:05:43」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Phosphatidylcholine, a type of phospholipid in lecithin.
The lecithin–sphingomyelin ratio (aka L-S or L/S ratio) is a test of fetal amniotic fluid to assess for fetal lung immaturity.[1][2][3] Lungs require surfactant, a soap-like substance, to lower the surface pressure of the alveoli in the lungs. This is especially important for premature babies trying to expand their lungs after birth. Surfactant is a mixture of lipids, proteins, and glycoproteins, lecithin and sphingomyelin being two of them. Lecithin makes the surfactant mixture more effective.
Contents
- 1 Evaluation
- 2 Procedure
- 3 See also
- 4 References
Evaluation
The lecithin–sphingomyelin ratio is a marker of fetal lung maturity. The outward flow of pulmonary secretions from the fetal lungs into the amniotic fluid maintains the level of lecithin and sphingomyelin equally until 32–33 weeks gestation, when the lecithin concentration begins to increase significantly while sphingomyelin remains nearly the same. As such, if a sample of amniotic fluid has a higher ratio, it indicates that there is more surfactant in the lungs and the baby will have less difficulty breathing at birth. An L–S ratio of 2 or more indicates fetal lung maturity and a relatively low risk of infant respiratory distress syndrome, and an L/S ratio of less than 1.5 is associated with a high risk of infant respiratory distress syndrome.
If preterm delivery is necessary (as evaluated by a biophysical profile or other tests) and the L–S ratio is low, the mother may need to receive steroids such as betamethasone to hasten the fetus' surfactant production in the lungs.
Procedure
An amniotic fluid sample is collected via amniocentesis and the sample is spun down in a centrifuge at 1000 rpm for 3–5 minutes. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) is performed on the supernatant, which separates out the components. Lecithin and sphingomyelin are relatively easy to identify on TLC and the predictive value of the test is good.[4]
See also
- Phosphatidol glycerol – another amniotic fluid marker of fetal lung maturity
- Surfactant-albumin ratio
- Lamellar body count
- Foam stability index
References
- ^ Gluck L, Kulovich MV, Borer RC, Brenner PH, Anderson GG, Spellacy WN (1971). "Diagnosis of the respiratory distress syndrome by amniocentesis.". Amer. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 109 (3): 440–45. PMID 5107880.
- ^ Whitfield CR, Chan WH, Sproule WB, Stewart AD (April 1972). "Amniotic fluid lecithin: sphingomyelin ratio and fetal lung development". Br Med J 2 (5805): 85–6. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.5805.85. PMC 1787826. PMID 5018313.
- ^ Wijnberger LD, de Kleine M, Voorbij HA et al. (April 2009). "Prediction of fetal lung immaturity using gestational age, patient characteristics and fetal lung maturity tests: a probabilistic approach". Arch. Gynecol. Obstet. 281: 15–21. doi:10.1007/s00404-009-1033-0. PMC 2780670. PMID 19381669.
- ^ Spillman T, Cotton DB (1989). "Current perspectives in assessment of fetal pulmonary surfactant status with amniotic fluid". Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 27 (4): 341–89. doi:10.3109/10408368909105719. PMID 2675912.
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Obstetrical surgery and other procedures (ICD-9-CM V3 72–75, ICD-10-PCS 1)
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| Diagnostic |
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- Cardiotocography
- Fetoscopy
- Fetal scalp blood testing
- Fetal scalp stimulation test
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| sampling: |
- fetal tissue
- Chorionic villus sampling
- Amniocentesis
- blood
- Triple test
- Percutaneous umbilical cord blood sampling
- Apt test
- Kleihauer–Betke test
- lung maturity
- Lecithin–sphingomyelin ratio
- Lamellar body count
- Fetal fibronectin test
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| obstetric ultrasonography: |
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| antenatal testing: |
- Fetal movement counting
- Contraction stress test
- Nonstress test
- Vibroacoustic stimulation
- Biophysical profile
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| Intervention |
- Fetal surgery
- Fetendo
- Podalic version
- External cephalic version
- Amnioinfusion
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| Delivery |
| Vaginal delivery |
| Induction |
- Artificial rupture of membranes
- Episiotomy
- Symphysiotomy
- Forceps in childbirth
- Ventouse in childbirth
- Odón Device
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| Dystocia management |
- McRoberts maneuver
- Woods' screw maneuver
- Zavanelli maneuver
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| Third stage of labor |
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| Caesarean section |
- Elective
- On maternal request
- EXIT procedure
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| Postpartum hemorrhage |
- Hysterectomy
- B-Lynch suture
- Sengstaken–Blakemore tube
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Index of obstetrics
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| Description |
- Pregnancy
- Development
- Anatomy
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| Disease |
- Pregnancy and childbirth
- Placenta and neonate
- Infections
- Symptoms and signs
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| Treatment |
- Procedures
- Drugs
- oxytocins
- labor repressants
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UpToDate Contents
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- Effect of Tocolytics on Surfactant Secretion When Administered with Betamethasone: An in Vitro Study.
- Haidar ZA1, Sibai BM1, Sonek JD2, Sammohi S3, Mckenna DS2, Grunwald WC Jr3, Cool DR2.
- American journal of perinatology.Am J Perinatol.2015 Nov 3. [Epub ahead of print]
- Objective To analyze the amount of surfactant protein (SP)-B and lecithin/sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio in response to betamethasone (BMS) alone as compared with magnesium sulfate (Mg2+), indomethacin (Indo), and nifedipine (Nif) with or without BMS. Study design NCI-H441 human lung cells were grown
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- Differentiation of pleomorphic adenoma and Warthin's tumour of the salivary gland: is long-to-short diameter ratio a useful parameter?
- Miao LY1, Xue H1, Ge HY2, Wang JR1, Jia JW1, Cui LG1.
- Clinical radiology.Clin Radiol.2015 Nov;70(11):1212-9. doi: 10.1016/j.crad.2015.06.085. Epub 2015 Jul 26.
- AIM: To determine the utility of the long-to-short diameter ratio (L/S ratio) and other sonographic features in the differentiation of pleomorphic adenoma (PA) and Warthin's tumour (WT) of the salivary gland.MATERIAL AND METHODS: From 2003 to 2013, 100 patients with 100 PAs and WTs were included in
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- 電気学会論文誌. A, 基礎・材料・共通部門誌 = The transactions of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. A, A publication of Fundamentals and Materials Society 133(10), 509-518, 2013-10-01
- … The spatially coherent, 59th harmonics was improved the contrast ratio of diffraction images. … Defect signals were observed from the 2-nm width line-defect in the 88-nm line-and-space (L/S) pattern and the 54-nm defect in the 360nm pitch pattern using coherent scatterometry microscope equipped with high-order harmonics generation system as a practical coherent EUV light source. …
- NAID 10031200957
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- J Phys Soc Jpn 81(9), 094606-094606-9, 2012-09-15
- … These modes are decomposed into the torsional and spheroidal modes (T-modes and S-modes), where S-modes are further decomposed into the upper and lower branches, a_{l} and b_{l}, respectively. …
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Related Links
- L:S ra·ti·o abbreviation for lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio. lecithin:sphingomyelin ratio (les'i-thin sfing?go-mi'a-lin ra'she-o), L:S ratio The ratio of lecithin to sphingomyelin in the amniotic fluid. It is used to assess maturity of the fetal lung.
- L/s ratio definition at Dictionary.com, a free online dictionary with pronunciation, synonyms and translation. Look it up now! Thesaurus Translate Puzzles & Games Word of the Day Blog Slideshows Apps by Dictionary My Account ...
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- L/S ratio
- 同
- レシチン/スフィンゴミエリン比 lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio
- 関
- レシチン(ホスファチジルコリン)、スフィンゴミエリン
[★]
- (げっ歯類)ラット、(マウスも含めての総称)ネズミ、ラットの
- 関
- laboratory rat、mouse、Norway rat、Rattus、Rattus norvegicus
[★]
- 関
- fraction、percentage、proportion、rate、specific
[★]
[★]