出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2013/06/13 22:18:31」(JST)
この項目では、文字について説明しています。
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L l L l | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Lは、ラテン文字(アルファベット)の12番目の文字。小文字は l 。ギリシャ文字のΛ(ラムダ)に由来し、キリル文字のЛに相当する。
目次
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大文字は、縦棒の下端から右に横棒が出た形である。フラクトゥールはである。
小文字では、横棒を欠く。従って大文字の I や数字の 1 と紛らわしい。わずかにセリフによって区別することが可能で、大文字の I は上端と下端で左右両方にセリフが出るのに対し、数字の1とLの小文字 l は、上端は右にセリフが出ない。数字の 1 の上のセリフは鋭角に下に曲がっているのに対し、Lの小文字 l は左にまっすぐである。一方で筆記体では ℓ のようであり、それらと区別することが可能である。後述する単位のリットルには印刷書体でもこの書体を使うことがある。ただし今度は e の筆記体と似ており、高さでしか区別ができない。フラクトゥールは。
この文字が表す音素は、[l](歯茎側音)ないしその類似音である。
日本語はローマ字では使わないが、語頭と「ん」の後のら行がこの音になりやすい。
大文字 | Unicode | JIS X 0213 | 文字参照 | 小文字 | Unicode | JIS X 0213 | 文字参照 | 備考 |
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L | U+004C |
1-3-44 | L L |
l | U+006C |
1-3-76 | l l |
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L | U+FF2C |
1-3-44 | L L |
l | U+FF4C |
1-3-76 | l l |
全角 |
ウィクショナリーにLの項目があります。 |
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Cursive script 'l' and capital 'L'
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L (named el[1] /ˈɛl/)[2] is the twelfth letter of the ISO basic Latin alphabet. In Roman numerals it represents 50.
Contents
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Egyptian hieroglyph | Phoenician lamedh |
Etruscan L | Greek Lambda |
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Lamedh may have come from a pictogram of an ox goad or cattle prod. Some have suggested a shepherd's staff.
In English, L can have several sound values, depending on whether it occurs before or after a vowel. The alveolar lateral approximant (the sound represented in IPA by lowercase [l]) occurs before a vowel, as in 'lip' or 'please', while the velarized alveolar lateral approximant (IPA [ɫ]) occurs in 'bell' and 'milk'. This velarization does not occur in many European languages that use L; it is also a factor making the pronunciation of L difficult for users of languages that lack L or have different values for it, such as Japanese or some southern dialects of Chinese.
L can occur before almost any obstruent (stop, fricative, or affricate) in English. Common digraphs include LL, which has a value identical to L in English, but has the separate value voiceless alveolar lateral fricative (IPA /ɬ/) in Welsh, where it can appear in an initial position.
A palatal lateral approximant or palatal 'L' (IPA /ʎ/) occurs in many languages, and is represented by 'GL' in Italian, 'LL' in Spanish and Catalan, 'LH' in Portuguese, and 'Ļ' in Latvian.
In English writing, L is often silent in such words as 'walk' or 'could' (its presence can modify the preceding vowel letter's sound; e.g. 'wak' might be pronounced to rhyme with 'back').
The capital letter 'L' is used as the currency sign for the Albanian lek and the Honduran lempira. It was often used, especially in handwriting, as the currency sign for the Italian lira. It is also infrequently used as a substitute for the pound sign (£), which is based on it.
In some fonts, the lowercase letter L, 'l' may be difficult to distinguish from the digit one, '1' or an uppercase letter I, 'I'. In recent times, many new fonts have curved the lowercase form to the right, and it is increasingly common, especially on European road signs and advertisements. A more stylized version based on the handwritten letterlike 'ℓ' is sometimes used in mathematics and elsewhere. Its LaTeX command is \ell, its codepoint is U+2113, and its numeric character reference is "ℓ".
Character | L | l | ||
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Unicode name | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L | LATIN SMALL LETTER L | ||
Encodings | decimal | hex | decimal | hex |
Unicode | 76 | U+004C | 108 | U+006C |
UTF-8 | 76 | 4C | 108 | 6C |
Numeric character reference | L | L | l | l |
EBCDIC family | 211 | D3 | 147 | 93 |
ASCII 1 | 76 | 4C | 108 | 6C |
NATO phonetic | Morse code |
Lima | ·–·· |
Signal flag | Flag semaphore | Braille |
The ISO basic Latin alphabet
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Aa | Bb | Cc | Dd | Ee | Ff | Gg | Hh | Ii | Jj | Kk | Ll | Mm | Nn | Oo | Pp | Rr | Ss | Tt | Uu | Vv | Ww | Xx | Yy | Zz | ||
Letter L with diacritics
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Ĺĺ | Ľľ | Ļļ | Ḷḷ | Ḹḹ | Ḽḽ | Ḻḻ | Łł | Ŀŀ | Ƚƚ | Ⱡⱡ | Ɫɫ | ɬ | ᶅ | ɭ | ȴ | |||||||||||
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