WordNet
- reckoned in a direction opposite to that regarded as positive; "negative interest rates"
- a piece of photographic film showing an image with light and shade or colors reversed
- a reply of denial; "he answered in the negative"
- not indicating the presence of microorganisms or disease or a specific condition; "the HIV test was negative" (同)disconfirming
- having a negative charge; "electrons are negative" (同)electronegative, negatively charged
- characterized by or displaying negation or denial or opposition or resistance; having no positive features; "a negative outlook on life"; "a colorless negative personality"; "a negative evaluation"; "a negative reaction to an advertising campaign"
- expressing or consisting of a negation or refusal or denial
- having the quality of something harmful or unpleasant; "ran a negative campaign"; "delinquents retarded by their negative outlook on life"
- less than zero; "a negative number"
- (medicine) the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms and their multiplication which can lead to tissue damage and disease
- (phonetics) the alteration of a speech sound under the influence of a neighboring sound
- the pathological state resulting from the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms
- (international law) illegality that taints or contaminates a ship or cargo rendering it liable to seizure
- moral corruption or contamination; "ambitious men are led astray by an infection that is almost unavoidable"
- an incident in which an infectious disease is transmitted (同)contagion, transmission
- (microbiology) single-celled or noncellular spherical or spiral or rod-shaped organisms lacking chlorophyll that reproduce by fission; important as pathogens and for biochemical properties; taxonomy is difficult; often considered to be plants (同)bacterium
- relating to or caused by bacteria; "bacterial infection"
- Danish physician and bacteriologist who developed a method of staining bacteria to distinguish among them (1853-1938) (同)Hans C. J. Gram
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 『否定の』,反対の / 『消極的な』,控えめの / 陰電気の;(数値が)負の,マイナスの(minus);(写真が)陰画の,ネガの;(医学検査結果が)陰性の / 『否定』,拒否,「いやだ」と言うこと / 否定語[句] / 《the~》(特に討論会の)反対者側,反対派 / (電気分解に用いる)陰極板 / (数値の)負数 / (写真の)陰画,ネガ / 《しばしば受動態に用いて》…‘に'反対投票をする / =negate
- 〈U〉(病気の)伝染;感染 / 〈C〉伝染病
- 『バクテリア』,細菌
- バクテリアの,細菌の
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/12/02 14:14:48」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Gram-negative bacterial infection |
|
Gram negative cell wall
|
| Classification and external resources |
| MeSH |
D016905 |
Gram-negative bacterial infection refers to a disease caused by gram-negative bacteria. One example is E. coli.[1]
It is important to recognize that this class is defined morphologically (by the presence of a bacterial outer membrane), and not histologically (by a pink appearance when stained), though the two usually coincide.
One reason for this division is that the outer membrane is of major clinical significance: it can play a role in the reduced effectiveness of certain antibiotics,[2] and it is the source of endotoxin.[3]
The gram status of some organisms is complex or disputed:
- Mycoplasma are sometimes considered gram negative,[4][5] but because of its lack of a cell wall and unusual membrane composition, it is sometimes considered separately from other gram-negative bacteria.[6]
- Gardnerella is often considered gram negative,[7] but it is classified in MeSH as both gram positive and gram negative.[8] It has some traits of gram positive bacteria,[9] but has a gram negative appearance.[10] It has been described as a "gram-variable rod".[11][12]
References
- ^ Cordonnier C, Herbrecht R, Buzyn A, et al. (August 2005). "Risk factors for Gram-negative bacterial infections in febrile neutropenia". Haematologica 90 (8): 1102–9. PMID 16079110.
- ^ Pagès JM, Masi M, Barbe J (August 2005). "Inhibitors of efflux pumps in Gram-negative bacteria". Trends Mol Med 11 (8): 382–9. doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2005.06.006. PMID 15996519.
- ^ "Introduction: Bacterial Infections: Merck Manual Home Edition".
- ^ Mycoplasma at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- ^ "mycoplasma" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
- ^ Sasaki T (April 1991). "Evidence that mycoplasmas, gram-negative bacteria, and certain gram-positive bacteria share a similar protein antigen". J. Bacteriol. 173 (7): 2398–400. PMC 207793. PMID 2007558.
- ^ "Gardnerella" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
- ^ Gardnerella at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- ^ Sadhu K, Domingue PA, Chow AW, Nelligan J, Cheng N, Costerton JW (July 1989). "Gardnerella vaginalis has a gram-positive cell-wall ultrastructure and lacks classical cell-wall lipopolysaccharide". J. Med. Microbiol. 29 (3): 229–35. doi:10.1099/00222615-29-3-229. PMID 2787405.
- ^ Cook RL, Reid G, Pond DG, Schmitt CA, Sobel JD (September 1989). "Clue cells in bacterial vaginosis: immunofluorescent identification of the adherent gram-negative bacteria as Gardnerella vaginalis". J. Infect. Dis. 160 (3): 490–6. doi:10.1093/infdis/160.3.490. PMID 2668431.
- ^ "eMedicine - Gardnerella : Article by Diana Curran". Retrieved 2008-12-07.
- ^ "eMedicine/Stedman Medical Dictionary Lookup!".
|
Pathology: Medical conditions and ICD code
|
|
|
(Disease / Disorder / Syndrome / Sequence, Symptom / Sign, Injury, etc.)
|
|
| (A/B, 001–139) |
- Infectious disease/Infection: Bacterial disease
- Viral disease
- Parasitic disease
- Protozoan infection
- Helminthiasis
- Ectoparasitic infestation
- Mycosis
- Zoonosis
|
|
(C/D,
140–239 &
279–289) |
| Cancer (C00–D48, 140–239) |
|
|
| Myeloid hematologic (D50–D77, 280–289) |
|
|
| Lymphoid immune (D80–D89, 279) |
- Immunodeficiency
- Immunoproliferative disorder
- Hypersensitivity
|
|
|
| (E, 240–278) |
- Endocrine disease
- Nutrition disorder
- Inborn error of metabolism
|
|
| (F, 290–319) |
|
|
| (G, 320–359) |
- Nervous system disease
- Neuromuscular disease
|
|
| (H, 360–389) |
|
|
| (I, 390–459) |
- Cardiovascular disease
- Heart disease
- Vascular disease
|
|
| (J, 460–519) |
- Respiratory disease
- Obstructive lung disease
- Restrictive lung disease
- Pneumonia
|
|
| (K, 520–579) |
- Oral and maxillofacial pathology
- Tooth disease
- salivary gland disease
- tongue disease
- Digestive disease
- Esophageal
- Stomach
- Enteropathy
- Liver
- Pancreatic
|
|
| (L, 680–709) |
- Skin disease
- skin appendages
- Nail disease
- Hair disease
- Sweat gland disease
|
|
| (M, 710–739) |
- Musculoskeletal disorders: Myopathy
- Arthropathy
- Osteochondropathy
|
|
| (N, 580–629) |
- Urologic disease
- Nephropathy
- Urinary bladder disease
- Male genital disease
- Breast disease
- Female genital disease
|
|
| (O, 630–679) |
- Complications of pregnancy
- Obstetric labor complication
- Puerperal disorder
|
|
| (P, 760–779) |
|
|
| (Q, 740–759) |
|
|
| (R, 780–799) |
|
|
| (S/T, 800–999) |
- Bone fracture
- Joint dislocation
- Sprain
- Strain
- Subluxation
- Head injury
- Chest trauma
- Poisoning
|
|
- Infectious diseases
- Bacterial disease: Proteobacterial G−
- primarily A00–A79, 001–041, 080–109
|
|
| α |
| Rickettsiales |
Rickettsiaceae/
(Rickettsioses) |
| Typhus |
- Rickettsia typhi
- Rickettsia prowazekii
- Epidemic typhus, Brill–Zinsser disease, Flying squirrel typhus
|
|
Spotted
fever |
| Tick-borne |
- Rickettsia rickettsii
- Rocky Mountain spotted fever
- Rickettsia conorii
- Rickettsia japonica
- Rickettsia sibirica
- Rickettsia australis
- Rickettsia honei
- Flinders Island spotted fever
- Rickettsia africae
- Rickettsia parkeri
- Rickettsia aeschlimannii
- Rickettsia aeschlimannii infection
|
|
| Mite-borne |
- Rickettsia akari
- Orientia tsutsugamushi
|
|
| Flea-borne |
|
|
|
|
| Anaplasmataceae |
- Ehrlichiosis: Anaplasma phagocytophilum
- Human granulocytic anaplasmosis, Anaplasmosis
- Ehrlichia chaffeensis
- Human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis
- Ehrlichia ewingii
- Ehrlichiosis ewingii infection
|
|
|
| Rhizobiales |
| Brucellaceae |
|
|
| Bartonellaceae |
- Bartonellosis: Bartonella henselae
- Bartonella quintana
- either henselae or quintana
- Bartonella bacilliformis
- Carrion's disease, Verruga peruana
|
|
|
|
| β |
| Neisseriales |
| M+ |
- Neisseria meningitidis/meningococcus
- Meningococcal disease, Waterhouse–Friderichsen syndrome, Meningococcal septicaemia
|
|
| M- |
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae/gonococcus
|
|
| ungrouped: |
- Eikenella corrodens/Kingella kingae
- Chromobacterium violaceum
- Chromobacteriosis infection
|
|
|
| Burkholderiales |
- Burkholderia pseudomallei
- Burkholderia mallei
- Burkholderia cepacia complex
- Bordetella pertussis/Bordetella parapertussis
|
|
|
| γ |
Enterobacteriales
(OX-) |
| Lac+ |
- Klebsiella pneumoniae
- Rhinoscleroma, Klebsiella pneumonia
- Klebsiella granulomatis
- Klebsiella oxytoca
- Escherichia coli: Enterotoxigenic
- Enteroinvasive
- Enterohemorrhagic
- O157:H7
- O104:H4
- Hemolytic-uremic syndrome
- Enterobacter aerogenes/Enterobacter cloacae
|
|
| Slow/weak |
- Serratia marcescens
- Citrobacter koseri/Citrobacter freundii
|
|
| Lac- |
| H2S+ |
- Salmonella enterica
- Typhoid fever, Paratyphoid fever, Salmonellosis
|
|
| H2S- |
- Shigella dysenteriae/sonnei/flexneri/boydii
- Shigellosis, Bacillary dysentery
- Proteus mirabilis/Proteus vulgaris
- Yersinia pestis
- Yersinia enterocolitica
- Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
- Far East scarlet-like fever
|
|
|
|
| Pasteurellales |
| Haemophilus: |
- H. influenzae
- Haemophilus meningitis
- Brazilian purpuric fever
- H. ducreyi
- H. parainfluenzae
|
|
| Pasteurella multocida |
- Pasteurellosis
- Actinobacillus
|
|
| Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans |
|
|
|
| Legionellales |
- Legionella pneumophila/Legionella longbeachae
- Coxiella burnetii
|
|
| Thiotrichales |
|
|
| Vibrionaceae |
- Vibrio cholerae
- Vibrio vulnificus
- Vibrio parahaemolyticus
- Vibrio alginolyticus
- Plesiomonas shigelloides
|
|
| Pseudomonadales |
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Moraxella catarrhalis
- Acinetobacter baumannii
|
|
| Xanthomonadaceae |
- Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
|
|
| Cardiobacteriaceae |
|
|
| Aeromonadales |
- Aeromonas hydrophila/Aeromonas veronii
|
|
|
| ε |
| Campylobacterales |
- Campylobacter jejuni
- Campylobacteriosis, Guillain–Barré syndrome
- Helicobacter pylori
- Peptic ulcer, MALT lymphoma, Gastric cancer
- Helicobacter cinaedi
|
|
|
|
Index of bacterial disease
|
|
| Description |
|
|
| Disease |
- Gram-positive firmicutes
- Gram-positive actinobacteria
- Gram-negative proteobacteria
- Gram-negative non-proteobacteria
- Cholera
- Tuberculosis
|
|
| Treatment |
- Antibiotics
- cell wall
- nucleic acid
- mycobacteria
- protein synthesis
- other
- Antibodies
|
|
|
- Infectious diseases
- Bacterial diseases: BV4 non-proteobacterial G- (primarily A00–A79, 001–041, 080–109)
|
|
| Spirochaete |
| Spirochaetaceae |
| Treponema |
- Treponema pallidum
- Treponema carateum (Pinta)
- Treponema denticola
|
|
| Borrelia |
- Borrelia burgdorferi/Borrelia afzelii
- Lyme disease
- Erythema chronicum migrans
- Neuroborreliosis
- Borrelia recurrentis (Louse borne relapsing fever)
- Borrelia hermsii/Borrelia duttoni/Borrelia parkeri (Tick borne relapsing fever)
|
|
|
| Leptospiraceae |
| Leptospira |
- Leptospira interrogans (Leptospirosis)
|
|
|
| Spirillaceae |
| Spirillum |
- Spirillum minus (Rat-bite fever/Sodoku)
|
|
|
|
| Chlamydiaceae |
| Chlamydophila |
- Chlamydophila psittaci (Psittacosis)
- Chlamydophila pneumoniae
|
|
| Chlamydia |
- Chlamydia trachomatis
- Chlamydia
- Lymphogranuloma venereum
- Trachoma
|
|
|
| Bacteroidetes |
- Bacteroides fragilis
- Tannerella forsythia
- Capnocytophaga canimorsus
- Porphyromonas gingivalis
- Prevotella intermedia
|
|
| Fusobacteria |
- Fusobacterium necrophorum (Lemierre's syndrome)
- Fusobacterium nucleatum
- Fusobacterium polymorphum
- Streptobacillus moniliformis (Rat-bite fever/Haverhill fever)
|
|
|
Index of bacterial disease
|
|
| Description |
|
|
| Disease |
- Gram-positive firmicutes
- Gram-positive actinobacteria
- Gram-negative proteobacteria
- Gram-negative non-proteobacteria
- Cholera
- Tuberculosis
|
|
| Treatment |
- Antibiotics
- cell wall
- nucleic acid
- mycobacteria
- protein synthesis
- other
- Antibodies
|
|
|
UpToDate Contents
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
English Journal
- Etiological factors causing lower respiratory tract infections isolated from hospitalized patients.
- Guzek A1, Rybicki Z, Korzeniewski K, Mackiewicz K, Saks E, Chciałowski A, Zwolińska E.
- Advances in experimental medicine and biology.Adv Exp Med Biol.2015;835:37-44. doi: 10.1007/5584_2014_23.
- Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) account for 20-30 % of all hospital-acquired contagions. They are characterized by high mortality of hospitalized patients. The most serious form of LRTI is pneumonia, and the most common etiological factors in such cases are bacteria. The article gives the
- PMID 25310945
- Bacterial and fungal DNA extraction from blood samples: manual protocols.
- Lorenz MG1, Mühl H, Disqué C.
- Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.).Methods Mol Biol.2015;1237:109-19. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1776-1_11.
- A critical point of molecular diagnosis of systemic infections is the method employed for the extraction of microbial DNA from blood. A DNA isolation method has to be able to fulfill several fundamental requirements for optimal performance of diagnostic assays. First of all, low- and high-molecular-
- PMID 25319784
- Applications of microscopy in salmonella research.
- Malt LM1, Perrett CA, Humphrey S, Jepson MA.
- Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.).Methods Mol Biol.2015;1225:165-98. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1625-2_12.
- Salmonella enterica is a Gram-negative enteropathogen that can cause localized infections, typically resulting in gastroenteritis, or systemic infection, e.g., typhoid fever, in humans and many other animals. Understanding the mechanisms by which Salmonella induces disease has been the focus of inte
- PMID 25253256
Japanese Journal
- 日高 寿美,持田 泰寛,守矢 英和,大竹 剛靖,小林 修三
- 日本下肢救済・足病学会誌 7(1), 17-24, 2015
- 要旨：透析患者は易感染性があり，感染症死亡率は一般住民の7.5 倍と高く，特に敗血症が多い．敗血症の中には慢性下肢創傷感染が原因のこともある．下肢慢性創傷管理で感染制御は非常に重要である．創部や血液の細菌培養を確実に行い，各施設において原因菌，薬剤感受性に関するローカルファクターを把握する．原因菌の特定以前は，その種類を想定し，組織移行性を考慮しつつ，早急にempiric に抗菌スペクトルの広い薬 …
- NAID 130005064173
- 佐藤 昭裕,中村 造,福島 慎二 [他],水野 泰孝,松本 哲哉
- 日本環境感染学会誌 30(1), 1-6, 2015
- … 当院で2010年から2014年の間に血液培養が陽性となり，末梢静脈カテーテル関連血流感染症(peripheral line-associated blood stream infection: PLABSI)と診断された38例について臨床的検討を行った．PLABSIと診断されるまでの入院日数は，中央値17日(3～86日)，菌血症となるまでのカテーテル留置期間は，中央値が5日(2～15日)だった．PLABSIもしくはその合併症に対して抗菌薬が投与された期間は7～100日と幅広く，中央値は18日間であり， …
- NAID 130005064058
- クラミジアの持続感染と宿主アポトーシス制御、そして多様な慢性感染症
- 東 慶直
- 近畿大学生物理工学部紀要 34, 1-13, 2014-09
- … [Abstract] Chlamydiae are Gram-negative and obligate intracellular parasitic bacteria responsible for a wide range of diseasescausing severe clinical and public health problems. … Chlamydia pneumoniae is known as a leading cause of respiratory tract infections and its persistent infection has been shown to relate to atherosclerosis in the last two decades. …
- NAID 120005479993
Related Links
- Gram-negative bacterial infection refers to a disease caused by Gram-negative bacteria. One example is E. coli. [1] It is important to recognize that this class is defined morphologically (by the presence of a bacterial outer membrane ...
- There has been a worldwide increase in the number of infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria. In a study of 1265 intensive care units in 75 countries, Gram-negative bacteria were present in 62% of patients with an infection ...
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- Gram-negative bacterial infection
- 関
- グラム陰性細菌感染症、グラム陰性細菌感染
[★]
- 英
- Gram-negative bacterial infection
- 関
- グラム陰性細菌感染症、Gram陰性細菌感染症
[★]
- 英
- Gram-negative bacterial infection
- 関
- グラム陰性細菌感染、Gram陰性細菌感染症
[★]
- 関
- contagion、infect、infectious disease、infestation、transmission、transmit
[★]
- 関
- cryptic、negatively、negativity
[★]
- 関
- bacteria、bacterially、bacterio、bacterium
[★]
細菌感染症、菌感染症、細菌性感染症、細菌感染