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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/08/06 03:21:36」(JST)
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English Journal
- Influence of hydrophobic/hydrophilic fractions of extracellular organic matters of Microcystis aeruginosa on ultrafiltration membrane fouling.
- Zhou S1, Shao Y2, Gao N1, Li L1, Deng J1, Tan C1, Zhu M1.Author information 1State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.2State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; China Academy of Urban Planning & Design, Beijing 100037, China.AbstractFouling is a major obstacle to maintain the efficiency of ultrafiltration-based drinking water treatment process. Algal extracellular organic matters (EOMs) are currently considered as one of the major sources of membrane fouling. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of different hydrophobic/hydrophilic fractions of EOM extracted from Microcystis aeruginosa on ultrafiltration membrane fouling at lab scale. The experimental data indicated that EOM exhibited similar flux decline trends on polyethersulfone (PES) and regenerated cellulose (RC) membranes but caused greater irreversible fouling on PES membrane than RC membrane due to its hydrophobic property. It was also observed that charged hydrophilic (CHPI) and neutral hydrophilic (NHPI) fractions caused greater flux decline over hydrophobic (HPO) and transphilic (TPI) fractions. For PES membrane, the order of the irreversible fouling potentials for the four fractions was HPO>TPI>CHPI>NHPI, while the irreversible fouling potentials of RC membrane were tiny and could be ignored. Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) spectra and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra suggested that protein-like, polysaccharide-like and humic-like substances were the major components responsible for membrane fouling. The results also indicated that the irreversible fouling increased as the pH decreased. The addition of calcium to feed solutions led to more severe flux decline and irreversible fouling.
- The Science of the total environment.Sci Total Environ.2014 Feb 1;470-471:201-7. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.09.052. Epub 2013 Oct 18.
- Fouling is a major obstacle to maintain the efficiency of ultrafiltration-based drinking water treatment process. Algal extracellular organic matters (EOMs) are currently considered as one of the major sources of membrane fouling. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of diffe
- PMID 24140690
- The electronegativity equalization method fused with molecular mechanics: a fluctuating charge and flexible body potential function for [Emim][Gly] ionic liquids.
- Wu Y, Li Y, Hu N, Hong M.Author information College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry of Advanced Materials, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China. wuyoung@hotmail.com.AbstractRecently, experimental and theoretical studies on amino acid ionic liquid (AAIL) systems have attracted much attention. A transferable intermolecular potential approach that includes fluctuating charges and a flexible body based on a combination of the electronegativity equalization method and molecular mechanics (EEM/MM), and its application to an AAIL system containing 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ([Emim](+)) and glycine ([Gly](-)) are explored and tested in this study. A consistent integration of EEM with MM requires the input of the EEM charges of all atoms into the MM intermolecular electrostatic interaction term. Compared with ionic liquid (IL) force fields, the EEM/MM model has an outstanding feature: the EEM/MM model not only presents the electrostatic interaction of atoms and their changes in response to different ambient environments but also introduces "the H-bond interaction region" in which a new parameter kHB(RHB) is used to describe the electrostatic interaction of hydrogen atoms in [Emim](+) and oxygen atoms in [Gly](-), which can form hydrogen bonds. The EEM/MM model gives quite accurate predictions for gas-phase state properties of [Emim](+), [Gly](-), and ion pairs, such as optimized geometries, dipole moments, vibrational frequencies, and cluster interaction energies. Due to its explicit description of charges and hydrogen bonds, the EEM/MM model also performs well for the liquid-phase properties of [Emim][Gly] under ambient conditions. The calculated properties, such as density, heat of vaporization, the self-diffusion coefficient, and ionic conductivity, are fairly consistent with available experimental results.
- Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP.Phys Chem Chem Phys.2014 Jan 15;16(6):2674-85. doi: 10.1039/c3cp54111h.
- Recently, experimental and theoretical studies on amino acid ionic liquid (AAIL) systems have attracted much attention. A transferable intermolecular potential approach that includes fluctuating charges and a flexible body based on a combination of the electronegativity equalization method and molec
- PMID 24382460
- Iodine mobilization in groundwater system at Datong basin, China: Evidence from hydrochemistry and fluorescence characteristics.
- Li J, Wang Y, Guo W, Xie X, Zhang L, Liu Y, Kong S.Author information School of Environmental Studies, State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, China.AbstractCharacterizing the speciation of iodine in groundwater is essential for understanding its hydrogeochemical behavior in aquifer systems. To quantify the variations in iodine speciation and assess factors controlling the distribution and transformation of iodine, 82 groundwater samples and 1 rain water were collected from the Datong basin, northern China in this study. Factor analysis (FA) and excitation emission matrix with parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC) were used to clarify the potential relationships among iodine species and other hydrochemical parameters. The iodine concentrations of groundwater range from 6.23 to 1380μgL(-1) with 47% of samples exceeding its drinking water level of 150μgL(-1) as recommended by the Chinese government. 57% of samples have ratios of iodate to total iodine greater than 60%, while iodide as the major species in 22% of the samples. Significant amounts of organic iodine with concentrations higher than 100μgL(-1) were observed in 9 groundwater samples. Redox conditions of groundwater system strongly affect iodine concentration and speciation of inorganic iodine in groundwater, and extremely reducing condition restricts the iodine release from sediments into groundwater. The results of FA show that iodine mobilization in groundwater is related to the nature of dissolved organic matter. EEM-PARAFAC model demonstrates the dominance of terrestrial DOM sources and the presence of microbial activities in groundwater system of the Datong basin. It is proposed that degradation of organic matter and reductive dissolution of iron oxyhydroxides are major hydrogeochemical processes responsible for the mobilization of iodine release and the genesis of organic iodine.
- The Science of the total environment.Sci Total Environ.2014 Jan 15;468-469:738-45. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.08.092. Epub 2013 Sep 23.
- Characterizing the speciation of iodine in groundwater is essential for understanding its hydrogeochemical behavior in aquifer systems. To quantify the variations in iodine speciation and assess factors controlling the distribution and transformation of iodine, 82 groundwater samples and 1 rain wate
- PMID 24064343
Japanese Journal
- グローバル市場ポートフォリオとマクロ投資戦略
- 年報財務管理研究 (26), 101-107, 2015-05-01
- NAID 110009969724
- 蛍光指紋イメージング技術の開発
- 日本食品科学工学会誌 62(10), 477-483, 2015
- NAID 130005109954
- iMap-Intravascular Ultrasound Radiofrequency Signal Analysis Reflects Plaque Components of Optical Coherence Tomography-Derived Thin-Cap Fibroatheroma
- Circulation Journal 79(10), 2231-2237, 2015
- NAID 130005099856
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★リンクテーブル★
| リンク元 | 「多形滲出性紅斑」 |
| 関連記事 | 「E」「EE」 |
「多形滲出性紅斑」
- 英
- erythema exsudativum multiforme, erythema multiforme exudativum, EEM
- 同
- 多形紅斑 erythema multiforme EM
- 関
- スティーブンス・ジョンソン症候群 Stevens-Johnson syndrome SJS
特徴
- やや隆起する10mm大ほどの特徴的な環状浮腫性紅斑が手背や関節部伸側などに、左右対称性に多発
疫学
- 女性に多い
原因
- 感染症(単純ヘルペスウイルス、肺炎マイコプラズマ)、薬剤に対するアレルギー
参考
- 写真
- http://www.healthopedia.com/pictures/erythema-multiforme.html
- http://www.skinsite.com/info_erythema_multiforme.htm
「E」