WordNet

provoke or excite; "The rock musician worked the crowd of young girls into a frenzy"
(physics) a manifestation of energy; the transfer of energy from one physical system to another expressed as the product of a force and the distance through which it moves a body in the direction of that force; "work equals force times distance"
arrive at a certain condition through repeated motion; "The stitches of the hem worked loose after she wore the skirt many times"
a product produced or accomplished through the effort or activity or agency of a person or thing; "it is not regarded as one of his more memorable works"; "the symphony was hailed as an ingenious work"; "he was indebted to the pioneering work of John Dewey"; "the work of an active imagination"; "erosion is the work of wind or water over time" (同)piece of work
activity directed toward making or doing something; "she checked several points needing further work"
have an effect or outcome; often the one desired or expected; "The voting process doesnt work as well as people thought"; "How does your idea work in practice?"; "This method doesnt work"; "The breaks of my new car act quickly"; "The medicine works only if you take it with a lot of water" (同)act
be employed; "Is your husband working again?"; "My wife never worked"; "Do you want to work after the age of 60?"; "She never did any work because she inherited a lot of money"; "She works as a waitress to put herself through college" (同)do work
cause to work; "he is working his servants hard" (同)put to work
shape, form, or improve a material; "work stone into tools"; "process iron"; "work the metal" (同)work on, process
behave in a certain way when handled; "This dough does not work easily"; "The soft metal works well"
cause to operate or function; "This pilot works the controls"; "Can you work an electric drill?"
exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity; "I will work hard to improve my grades"; "she worked hard for better living conditions for the poor"
gratify and charm, usually in order to influence; "the political candidate worked the crowds"
move in an agitated manner; "His fingers worked with tension"
move into or onto; "work the raisins into the dough"; "the student worked a few jokes into his presentation"; "work the body onto the flatbed truck"
operate in a certain place, area, or specialty; "She works the night clubs"; "The salesman works the Midwest"; "This artist works mostly in acrylics"
operate in or through; "Work the phones"
proceed towards a goal or along a path or through an activity; "work your way through every problem or task"; "She was working on her second martini when the guests arrived"; "Start from the bottom and work towards the top"
wary and distrustful; disposed to avoid persons or things; "shy of strangers"
a quick throw; "he gave the ball a shy to the first baseman"
short; "eleven is one shy of a dozen"
start suddenly, as from fright
throw quickly
serving to permit or facilitate further work or activity; "discussed the working draft of a peace treaty"; "they need working agreements with their neighbor states on interstate projects"
a mine or quarry that is being or has been worked (同)workings
actively engaged in paid work; "the working population"; "the ratio of working men to unemployed"; "a working mother"; "robots can be on the job day and night" (同)on the job
adequate for practical use; especially sufficient in strength or numbers to accomplish something; "the party has a working majority in the House"; "a working knowledge of Spanish"
adopted as a temporary basis for further work; "a working draft"; "a working hypothesis"
performance of moral or religious acts; "salvation by deeds"; "the reward for good works" (同)deeds
the internal mechanism of a device (同)workings

PrepTutorEJDIC

仕事ぎらいの
〈U〉(一般的な)『仕事,』労働;努力,勉強 / 〈U〉(実際にやっている具体的な)『仕事』,作業,勉強 / 〈U〉《定冠詞なしで》『仕事の口,』職[業],(工場・会社などの)勤め先 / 〈U〉制作,細工;《比喩(ひゆ)的に》しわざ / 〈C〉《しばしば複数形で》(文学・芸術の)『作品,』著作,(ある人の)作品 / 〈U〉《集合的に》(材料・道具などを含めて)作っているもの(今しているもの)全部 / 《複数形で》(機械の)動く部分,仕掛け / 《複数形で》《単数・複数扱い》《しばしば複合語を作って》『工場』 / 《複数形で》(宗教・道徳的な)行為,行い / 〈U〉(物理学で)仕事量 / 『働く』,仕事をする;(…に)取り組む,(…を)勉強する《+『at』(『on』)+『名』》 / (…に)『勤める』,勤務する《+『at』(『on, for』)+『名』》 / 《しばしば副詞[句]を伴って》〈機械・道具などが〉『ぐあいよく動く,』作動する,〈計画などが〉うまくいく,〈薬などが〉効く / 《副詞[句]を伴って》(ある方向に)少しずつ進む / 〈顔などが〉ぴくぴく動く,〈波などが〉揺れる / 《通例副詞を伴って》細工される,こねられる / 発酵する / 〈機械・道具など〉‘を'『動かす』,運転する / 〈人・牛馬など〉‘を'『働かせる』 / 〈工場・鉱山・農場など〉‘を'操業(経営)する,〈土地〉‘を'耕作する / 〈ある地域〉‘を'活動場所にする,受け持つ / 〈結果・効果など〉‘を'もたらす,生じさせる / (手で)…‘を'細工する,加工する;…‘に'手を加えて(…を)作る《+名+into+名》 / 《副詞[句]を伴って》(苦労して)…‘を'進む,(努力して)…‘を'得る / 〈人・物〉‘を'動かして(…に)する《+名+to(into)+名》 / …‘を'刺しゅうする,縫い付ける
(人が)『恥ずかしがり屋の』,内気な;(態度などが)恥ずかしそうな,引っ込み思案の・(動物が)『おく病な』,びくびくする・《補語にのみ用いて》(…を)用心する,警戒する,ためらう,いやがる《+『of』+『名』(do『ing』)》・《補語にのみ用いて》《米語》(…が)足りない,欠けている(short)《+『of』+『名』》・(…に)〈馬が〉驚いて(おびえて)後ずさりする《+『at』+『名』》;(…から)しりごみする(…に)おじける《《+『away』『from』+『名』(do『ing』)》
…‘を'す早く投げる / (…に)す早く投げること《+『at』+『名』》 / 《話》(…の)試み《+『at』+『名』》
(機械・器具などが)『動く』,使える / (特に生活にために)『働く』,[肉体]労働に従事する / (知識などが)『実際に役立つ』,実用的な / 『労働(仕事)上の』,労働(仕事)用の / (機械などの)動き方,動かし方《+of+名》 / (鉱山などの)作業場,現場

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/01/26 13:44:18」(JST)

wiki en

Work aversion (or aversion to work) is the state of avoiding or not wanting to work or be employed, or the extreme preference of leisure as opposed to work. It can be attributed to laziness, boredom or burnout;^[1] most underachievers suffer from some work aversion.

Causes

Work aversion usually occurs in persons who have previously been employed, and can have a variety of causes. These include:^{[citation needed]}

Boredom with work:^[1] Holding a boring job early in life can lead to the impression later that all work is boring.^[2]
Depression: A person who is suffering from clinical depression, dysthymia, grief, or other similar disorders may lack the motivation to work.
Social anxiety disorder
Avoidant personality disorder
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Autism spectrum disorders
Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Due to neurological dysfunction, the person becomes preoccupied with anxiety-based obsessions, and performs compulsive behaviors in order to cope with their anxiety. They are therefore unable to redirect their attention toward a job or employment search.
Panic disorder: For some, merely finding oneself in a work environment can trigger a panic attack. After such an occurrence, many are reluctant to seek further employment.
Post-traumatic stress disorder: The person has suffered from a traumatic experience at an earlier job. This may be a physical injury suffered on the job, a scary event that occurred while at work (such as a robbery of the place of employment), severe harassment or bullying from fellow employees, or abuse from one's boss or employer.
Abrupt termination: A former employee who was fired or laid off from an earlier job may be fearful of seeking future employment on the basis that such rejection may recur again.
Phobia: Some persons are simply phobic of the workplace.
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia
Side effects of medication, such as weariness and fatigue
Insomnia or various problems with sleep
The effects of chronic health problems, including cancer, diabetes, thyroid disorders, and many others, may interfere with a person's ability to work

Complications

Since the term work aversion only applies to one with the need to earn income, complications will inevitably arise from lacking the money the subject needs from employment. These may include:

Loss of assets, as one lives off his/her savings and liquidates other assets, including mortgaging his/her home.
Debt and credit problems
Self-neglect. This may include malnourishment, since the subject may be unable to afford a sufficient diet, or neglect of one's personal appearance or hygiene in ways that may cost the subject money or may make giving a good impression to a potential employer more difficult.
Neglect of dependents, such as spouse and children, who one is expected to support. Work aversion is responsible for many cases of divorce and broken families.^{[citation needed]}
Neglect of personal belongings, such as one's home, car, or other possessions requiring maintenance, or loss of services that require payment of a monthly bill, such as utilities, phone service, insurance.
Strained relations with family and friends, especially those who are forced to support the unemployed subject, or those who otherwise expect the subject to have money or items of value.
Strained marriage, when financial problems hurt marriage
Reduced socialization, especially in cases where the subject is in need of money to support such interaction.
Homelessness, in most severe cases.
Suicide, due to social pressures to work and in many countries, a legal requirement to register for JSA if unemployed.
Imprisonment or community service and a criminal record, in many countries, it is/was a criminal offense to refuse to work and just to live off unearned income.
Some Christians believe that the souls of idle and workshy people are condemned to burn in Hell in the afterlife.^{[citation needed]}

Treatment

The mental health community does not recognize work aversion as an illness or disease and therefore no medically recognized treatments exist. Those attempting to treat work aversion as an illness may use psychotherapy, counseling, medication, or some more unusual forms of treatment. Depending on the cause, lengths of treatment and success rates may vary.

In the case where the person has not worked for a while due to a workplace injury, work-hardening can be used to build strength. The person works for a brief period of time in the first week, such as two hours per day and increases the amount of work each week until full-time hours are reached.^[3]

Criticism

Work aversion is not a recognized psychological disorder in the DSM-IV.

The idea that work itself has intrinsic value or is an indicator of health or goodness can be traced to the Protestant Reformation.^[4]

References

^ ^a ^b Boyes, Roger (2007-09-15). "Forget burnout, boreout is the new office disease". The Times (London).
^ Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of the All-American Meal - Eric Schlosser - Google Books. Books.google.com. Retrieved 2013-07-04.
^ https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=PEg0AAAAIBAJ&sjid=w2MEAAAAIBAJ&pg=2954,5696465&dq=work-hardening&hl=en
^ Roger B. Hil. "Historical Context of the Work Ethic". workethic.coe.uga.edu. Retrieved 2015-08-22.

External links

Social Security Disability home page

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English Journal

[Kind physicians and work-shy patients again?].

Bruusgaard D.
Tidsskrift for den Norske lægeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny række.Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen.2012 May 29;132(10):1203. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.12.0504.
PMID 22669368

Critical care nurses--perceptions of 12-h shifts.

McGettrick KS, O'Neill MA.SourceGeneral ITU, Western Infirmary, Glasgow, UK. katiemcgettrick@hotmail.com
Nursing in critical care.Nurs Crit Care.2006 Jul-Aug;11(4):188-97.
BACKGROUND: Twelve-hour shifts have been illustrated in the literature as being a highly contentious shift pattern. However, it has also been highlighted that there is a distinct paucity of literature solely related to such a shift pattern in critical care areas, where there is high activity and a r
PMID 16869525

Why do doctors issue sick notes? An experimental questionnaire study in primary care.

Campbell A, Ogden J.SourceDepartment of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK.
Family practice.Fam Pract.2006 Feb;23(1):125-30. Epub 2005 Nov 24.
BACKGROUND: Issuing sick notes is one of the core tasks of General Practice and yet little research has explored how doctors decide whether or not to offer a sick note.AIM: To explore what factors influence this decision with a focus on the impact of type of problem (psychological versus physical),
PMID 16308327

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