WordNet

serving to permit or facilitate further work or activity; "discussed the working draft of a peace treaty"; "they need working agreements with their neighbor states on interstate projects"
a mine or quarry that is being or has been worked (同)workings
actively engaged in paid work; "the working population"; "the ratio of working men to unemployed"; "a working mother"; "robots can be on the job day and night" (同)on the job
adequate for practical use; especially sufficient in strength or numbers to accomplish something; "the party has a working majority in the House"; "a working knowledge of Spanish"
adopted as a temporary basis for further work; "a working draft"; "a working hypothesis"
provoke or excite; "The rock musician worked the crowd of young girls into a frenzy"
(physics) a manifestation of energy; the transfer of energy from one physical system to another expressed as the product of a force and the distance through which it moves a body in the direction of that force; "work equals force times distance"
arrive at a certain condition through repeated motion; "The stitches of the hem worked loose after she wore the skirt many times"
a product produced or accomplished through the effort or activity or agency of a person or thing; "it is not regarded as one of his more memorable works"; "the symphony was hailed as an ingenious work"; "he was indebted to the pioneering work of John Dewey"; "the work of an active imagination"; "erosion is the work of wind or water over time" (同)piece of work
activity directed toward making or doing something; "she checked several points needing further work"
have an effect or outcome; often the one desired or expected; "The voting process doesnt work as well as people thought"; "How does your idea work in practice?"; "This method doesnt work"; "The breaks of my new car act quickly"; "The medicine works only if you take it with a lot of water" (同)act
be employed; "Is your husband working again?"; "My wife never worked"; "Do you want to work after the age of 60?"; "She never did any work because she inherited a lot of money"; "She works as a waitress to put herself through college" (同)do work
cause to work; "he is working his servants hard" (同)put to work
shape, form, or improve a material; "work stone into tools"; "process iron"; "work the metal" (同)work on, process
behave in a certain way when handled; "This dough does not work easily"; "The soft metal works well"
cause to operate or function; "This pilot works the controls"; "Can you work an electric drill?"
exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity; "I will work hard to improve my grades"; "she worked hard for better living conditions for the poor"
gratify and charm, usually in order to influence; "the political candidate worked the crowds"
move in an agitated manner; "His fingers worked with tension"
move into or onto; "work the raisins into the dough"; "the student worked a few jokes into his presentation"; "work the body onto the flatbed truck"
operate in a certain place, area, or specialty; "She works the night clubs"; "The salesman works the Midwest"; "This artist works mostly in acrylics"
operate in or through; "Work the phones"
proceed towards a goal or along a path or through an activity; "work your way through every problem or task"; "She was working on her second martini when the guests arrived"; "Start from the bottom and work towards the top"
a rule that is adequate to permit work to be done (同)working rule

PrepTutorEJDIC

(機械・器具などが)『動く』,使える / (特に生活にために)『働く』,[肉体]労働に従事する / (知識などが)『実際に役立つ』,実用的な / 『労働(仕事)上の』,労働(仕事)用の / (機械などの)動き方,動かし方《+of+名》 / (鉱山などの)作業場,現場
〈U〉(一般的な)『仕事,』労働;努力,勉強 / 〈U〉(実際にやっている具体的な)『仕事』,作業,勉強 / 〈U〉《定冠詞なしで》『仕事の口,』職[業],(工場・会社などの)勤め先 / 〈U〉制作,細工;《比喩(ひゆ)的に》しわざ / 〈C〉《しばしば複数形で》(文学・芸術の)『作品,』著作,(ある人の)作品 / 〈U〉《集合的に》(材料・道具などを含めて)作っているもの(今しているもの)全部 / 《複数形で》(機械の)動く部分,仕掛け / 《複数形で》《単数・複数扱い》《しばしば複合語を作って》『工場』 / 《複数形で》(宗教・道徳的な)行為,行い / 〈U〉(物理学で)仕事量 / 『働く』,仕事をする;(…に)取り組む,(…を)勉強する《+『at』(『on』)+『名』》 / (…に)『勤める』,勤務する《+『at』(『on, for』)+『名』》 / 《しばしば副詞[句]を伴って》〈機械・道具などが〉『ぐあいよく動く,』作動する,〈計画などが〉うまくいく,〈薬などが〉効く / 《副詞[句]を伴って》(ある方向に)少しずつ進む / 〈顔などが〉ぴくぴく動く,〈波などが〉揺れる / 《通例副詞を伴って》細工される,こねられる / 発酵する / 〈機械・道具など〉‘を'『動かす』,運転する / 〈人・牛馬など〉‘を'『働かせる』 / 〈工場・鉱山・農場など〉‘を'操業(経営)する,〈土地〉‘を'耕作する / 〈ある地域〉‘を'活動場所にする,受け持つ / 〈結果・効果など〉‘を'もたらす,生じさせる / (手で)…‘を'細工する,加工する;…‘に'手を加えて(…を)作る《+名+into+名》 / 《副詞[句]を伴って》(苦労して)…‘を'進む,(努力して)…‘を'得る / 〈人・物〉‘を'動かして(…に)する《+名+to(into)+名》 / …‘を'刺しゅうする,縫い付ける
働く人,労働者,労務者,職人,工員
労働者階級 / 労働者階級の

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/08/05 05:34:07」(JST)

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1. 周産期心筋症：治療および予後 peripartum cardiomyopathy treatment and prognosis
2. Delusional disorder
3. Responding to requests for physician-assisted dying
4. 米国外の緩和ケアとホスピス palliative care and hospice outside of the united states
5. Sleep-wake disturbances and sleep disorders in patients with dementia

English Journal

Worldwide uptake of FRAX.

Kanis JA1, Johansson H, Oden A, Cooper C, McCloskey EV; Epidemiology and Quality of Life Working Group of IOF.Collaborators (21)Kanis JA, Cooper C, Adachi J, Borgström F, Clark P, Cummings S, Diaz-Curiel M, Dimai HP, Harvey N, Hiligsmann M, Lau E, Lewiecki M, Lips P, Lorenc R, McCloskey E, Ortolani S, Papioannou A, Silverman S, Sosa M, Szulc P, Yoshimura N.
Archives of osteoporosis.Arch Osteoporos.2014 Dec;9(1):166. doi: 10.1007/s11657-013-0166-8. Epub 2014 Jan 14.
The worldwide uptake of FRAX is described.INTRODUCTION: The aim of this report was to determine the usage of FRAX worldwide over a 1-year period from 1 May 2012.METHODS: The number of FRAX calculations from each country was assessed over a 1-year period and expressed as calculations per million of t
PMID 24420978

Deposition of non-spherical particles in bifurcating airways.

Bunchatheeravate P1, Curtis JS.Author information 1Chemical Engineering Department, University of Florida , Gainesville, FL , USA.AbstractParticle morphology plays an important role in pulmonary drug delivery. Not only does particle shape affect how particles flow and deposit, the shape also influences the drug release rate from the particles. In this work, a semi-theoretical relationship is developed to describe deposition efficiency as a function of fluid and particle properties, incorporating the effect of particle shape. For the 10 different particle types studied (with aerodynamic diameters between 1 and 10 µm), three key deposition mechanisms are identified. All particles deposit through inertial impaction, and additionally deposit via sedimentation or diffusion, depending on the particle specific momentum.
Pharmaceutical development and technology.Pharm Dev Technol.2014 Dec;19(8):942-51. doi: 10.3109/10837450.2013.840848.
Particle morphology plays an important role in pulmonary drug delivery. Not only does particle shape affect how particles flow and deposit, the shape also influences the drug release rate from the particles. In this work, a semi-theoretical relationship is developed to describe deposition efficiency
PMID 24320756

Update on the Development of TB Vaccines.

Zenteno-Cuevas R.Author information Instituto de Salud Publica, Universidad Veracruzana, Av. Luis Castelazo Ayala s/n, A.P. 57 Col. Industrial Animas, Xalapa, Veracruz, 91190, Mexico. robzencue@gmail.com.AbstractTuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused mainly by members of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. In 2012, the WHO estimated 8.7 million new cases and 1.4 million deaths caused by this disease. Under the Millennium Development Goals, the WHO aims to eradicate TB as a public health problem by 2050. However, reaching this goal will require the development and incorporation of new and more effective vaccines that can replace the current BCG vaccine. Much work is therefore ongoing in terms of the development of TB vaccines and more than 10 candidate vaccines are progressing well through the different development stages. The aim of this mini-review is to describe the characteristics of the most promising vaccines, and to give a brief description of some key elements relating to the current and future development of vaccines against TB.
Current pharmaceutical biotechnology.Curr Pharm Biotechnol.2014 Nov;14(11):940-6.
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused mainly by members of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. In 2012, the WHO estimated 8.7 million new cases and 1.4 million deaths caused by this disease. Under the Millennium Development Goals, the WHO aims to eradicate TB as a public health problem b
PMID 24372249

Design and characterization of chitosan-alginate microspheres for ocular delivery of azelastine.

Shinde UA1, Shete JN, Nair HA, Singh KH.Author information 1Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Mumbai , Maharashtra , India.AbstractThe use of mucoadhesive biopolymers is one of the best approaches to prolong the drug residence inside the cul-de-sac, consequently increasing the bioavailability. Thus, the focus of this work was to develop mucoadhesive microspheres to overcome the limitations of ocular drug delivery. The chitosan-sodium alginate microspheres of azelastine hydrochloride were fabricated using modified ionotropic gelation technique. The particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency and drug release kinetics were evaluated and characterized by SEM, FT-IR, DSC, in vitro mucoadhesion and in vivo study. The microspheres had average particle size in the range of 3.55 to 6.70 µm and zeta potential +24.55 to +49.56 mV. The fabricated microspheres possess maximum drug entrapment of 73.05% with 65% mucin binding efficiency and revealed a controlled release over the 8-h period following a non-Fickian diffusion. SEM showed that microspheres were distinct solid with irregular shape. FT-IR and DSC results concluded the drug entrapment into microspheres. In vivo studies on ocular rat model revealed that azelastine microspheres had better efficacy. Chitosan sodium alginate microspheres prepared were in particle size range suitable for ocular purpose. In vitro release and in vivo efficacy studies revealed that the microspheres were effective in prolonging the drug's presence in cul de sac with improved therapeutic efficacy.
Pharmaceutical development and technology.Pharm Dev Technol.2014 Nov;19(7):813-23. doi: 10.3109/10837450.2013.836217. Epub 2013 Sep 13.
The use of mucoadhesive biopolymers is one of the best approaches to prolong the drug residence inside the cul-de-sac, consequently increasing the bioavailability. Thus, the focus of this work was to develop mucoadhesive microspheres to overcome the limitations of ocular drug delivery. The chitosan-
PMID 24032373

Japanese Journal

False positivity of circumsporozoite protein (CSP)-ELISA in zoophilic anophelines in Bangladesh

Bashar Kabirul,Tuno Nobuko,Ahmed Touhid Uddin,Howlader Abdul Jabber
Acta Tropica 125(2), 220-225, 2013-02
… The relatively high proportion of false positives (40%) that was found in this study should warn malaria epidemiologists working in the field to be cautious when interpreting ELISA results. …
NAID 120004997011

Preparation of calcium chloride-anodized aluminum composite for water vapor sorption

Kumita Mikio,Meiwa Masaki,Watanabe Keisuke,Kodama Akio
Applied Thermal Engineering 50(2), 1564-1569, 2013-02
… Hence, this composite is a promising sorbent for adsorption chillers and heat pumps using water as working fluid. …
NAID 120004607574

Effect of Direct Current Power to Ti-Target on the Composition, Structure and Characterization of the Ti (0--2.36 at. %), Al Codoped ZnO Sputtering Thin Films

Lin Jing-Chie,Wu Jing-Nan,Tseng Chun-An,Peng Kun-Cheng
Jpn J Appl Phys 52(1), 01AC06-01AC06-6, 2013-01-25
… The glass substrate was heated to 200 °C, and the working pressure in the chamber was at 5\times 10^{-2} Torr. …
NAID 150000106304

ユーザキャッシュを利用したWebアーカイブの構築

若菜勇気 ,長谷川大 ,佐久田博司
情報処理学会研究報告. GN, [グループウェアとネットワークサービス] 2013-GN-86(9), 1-7, 2013-01-09
インターネットにおいて日々変化し続ける Web ページを後世に残すために,各組織が Web アーカイブに取り組んでいる. Web アーカイブでは Web ページを自動的に探索するクローラを用いてアーカイブを行っている.しかし現状の Web アーカイブでは Web ページを収集するクローラでは静的リンクを辿り Web ページを収集しているため,ブラウザやサーバで動的に生成される深層 Web のコンテ …
NAID 110009509279

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