WordNet
- write by means of a keyboard with types; "type the acceptance letter, please" (同)typewrite
- a small metal block bearing a raised character on one end; produces a printed character when inked and pressed on paper; "he dropped a case of type, so they made him pick them up"
- (biology) the taxonomic group whose characteristics are used to define the next higher taxon
- a subdivision of a particular kind of thing; "what type of sculpture do you prefer?"
- all of the tokens of the same symbol; "the word `element contains five different types of character"
- printed characters; "small type is hard to read"
- identify as belonging to a certain type; "Such people can practically be typed" (同)typecast
- remove the bones from; "bone the turkey before roasting it" (同)debone
- the porous calcified substance from which bones are made (同)osseous_tissue
- consisting of or made up of bone; "a bony substance"; "the bony framework of the body"
- a shade of white the color of bleached bones (同)ivory, pearl, off-white
- rigid connective tissue that makes up the skeleton of vertebrates (同)os
- any of a large group of nitrogenous organic compounds that are essential constituents of living cells; consist of polymers of amino acids; essential in the diet of animals for growth and for repair of tissues; can be obtained from meat and eggs and milk and legumes; "a diet high in protein"
- having bones as specified; "his lanky long-boned body"
- having had the bones removed; "a boneless rib roast"; "a boned (or deboned) fish" (同)deboned
- the 9th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)i
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 〈C〉(…の)『型』,タイプ,類型,種類(kind)《+of+名》 / 〈C〉(その種類の特質を最もよく表している)『典型』,手本,模範《+of+名》 / 〈U〉《集合的に》活字;〈C〉(1個の)活字 / 〈U〉(印刷された)字体,活字 / 〈C〉(貨幣・メダルなどの)模様,図柄 / 〈C〉血液型(blood group) / …‘を'タイプに打つ / (…として)…‘を'分類する《+名+as+名(doing)》 / …‘の'型を決める / タイプライターを打つ
- 〈C〉骨 / 〈U〉骨を作っている物質,骨質 / 《複数形で》骨格;死骸(がい) / 〈魚など〉‘の'骨を取る
- 蛋白(たんばく)質
- (魚など)骨を取り除いた / (衣服が)(コルセットなどで)骨で張りをつけた[ような]
- 『私は』私が
- iodineの化学記号
UpToDate Contents
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- 1. 肺高血圧症の病因 pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension
- 2. ヒト免疫不全ウイルス（HIV）関連肺高血圧症 pulmonary hypertension associated with human immunodeficiency virus
- 3. 肺静脈閉塞性疾患 pulmonary veno occlusive disease
- 4. 門脈肺高血圧症 portopulmonary hypertension
- 5. 成人における肺高血圧症の概要 overview of pulmonary hypertension in adults
English Journal
- BMP signaling requires retromer-dependent recycling of the type I receptor.
- Gleason RJ1, Akintobi AM, Grant BD, Padgett RW.Author information 1Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, and Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8020.AbstractThe transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) superfamily of signaling pathways, including the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) subfamily of ligands and receptors, controls a myriad of developmental processes across metazoan biology. Transport of the receptors from the plasma membrane to endosomes has been proposed to promote TGFβ signal transduction and shape BMP-signaling gradients throughout development. However, how postendocytic trafficking of BMP receptors contributes to the regulation of signal transduction has remained enigmatic. Here we report that the intracellular domain of Caenorhabditis elegans BMP type I receptor SMA-6 (small-6) binds to the retromer complex, and in retromer mutants, SMA-6 is degraded because of its missorting to lysosomes. Surprisingly, we find that the type II BMP receptor, DAF-4 (dauer formation-defective-4), is retromer-independent and recycles via a distinct pathway mediated by ARF-6 (ADP-ribosylation factor-6). Importantly, we find that loss of retromer blocks BMP signaling in multiple tissues. Taken together, our results indicate a mechanism that separates the type I and type II receptors during receptor recycling, potentially terminating signaling while preserving both receptors for further rounds of activation.
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.2014 Feb 18;111(7):2578-83. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1319947111. Epub 2014 Feb 3.
- The transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) superfamily of signaling pathways, including the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) subfamily of ligands and receptors, controls a myriad of developmental processes across metazoan biology. Transport of the receptors from the plasma membrane to endosomes has b
- PMID 24550286
- Mir-20a regulates in vitro mineralization and BMP signaling pathway by targeting BMP-2 transcript in fish.
- Tiago DM1, Marques CL2, Roberto VP2, Cancela ML3, Laizé V4.Author information 1Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR/CIMAR-LA), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal. Electronic address: dtiago@ualg.pt.2Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR/CIMAR-LA), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal; PhD Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal.3Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR/CIMAR-LA), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal.4Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR/CIMAR-LA), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal.AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of vertebrate development but their role during skeletogenesis remains unknown. In this regard, we investigated the mineralogenic activity of miR-20a, a miRNA associated with osteogenesis, in fish bone-derived cells. Expression of miR-20a was up-regulated during differentiation and its overexpression inhibited mineralization, suggesting a role in fish tissue calcification. In this regard, a conserved miR-20a binding site was identified in bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) 3'UTR and its functionality was evidenced through luciferase assays, and further confirmed by western-blot and qPCR. Type II BMP receptor (BMPR2) is also targeted by miR-20a in mammalian systems and evidence was collected for the presence of a binding site in fish sequences. We propose that miR-20a is a regulator of BMP pathway through specific action on BMP-2 and possibly BMPR2. Overexpression of miR-20a was also shown to up-regulate matrix Gla protein (MGP) transcript, a physiological inhibitor of calcification previously found to form a complex with BMP-2. We propose that MGP may play a role in the anti-mineralogenic effect promoted by miR-20a by decreasing availability of BMP-2. This study gives new insights into miRNA-mediated regulation of BMP-2, and sheds light into the potential role of miR-20a as a regulator of skeletogenesis.
- Archives of biochemistry and biophysics.Arch Biochem Biophys.2014 Feb 1;543:23-30. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2013.12.009. Epub 2013 Dec 21.
- MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of vertebrate development but their role during skeletogenesis remains unknown. In this regard, we investigated the mineralogenic activity of miR-20a, a miRNA associated with osteogenesis, in fish bone-derived cells. Expression of miR-20a was up-regulated
- PMID 24361749
- Targeted therapies in pulmonary arterial hypertension.
- Montani D1, Chaumais MC2, Guignabert C1, Günther S1, Girerd B1, Jaïs X1, Algalarrondo V3, Price LC4, Savale L1, Sitbon O1, Simonneau G1, Humbert M5.Author information 1Univ. Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; AP-HP, Service de Pneumologie, DHU Thorax Innovation, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; INSERM U999, LabEx LERMIT, Centre Chirurgical Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis Robinson, France.2INSERM U999, LabEx LERMIT, Centre Chirurgical Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis Robinson, France; Univ. Paris-Sud, Châtenay Malabry, France; AP-HP, Pharmacie, DHU Thorax Innovation, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Clamart, France.3Univ. Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; AP-HP, Service de Cardiologie, DHU Thorax Innovation, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Clamart, France.4National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton Hospital, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY, UK.5Univ. Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; AP-HP, Service de Pneumologie, DHU Thorax Innovation, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; INSERM U999, LabEx LERMIT, Centre Chirurgical Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis Robinson, France. Electronic address: marc.humbert@bct.aphp.fr.AbstractPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare disorder characterized by progressive obliteration of small pulmonary arteries that leads to elevated pulmonary arterial pressure and right heart failure. During the last decades, an improved understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease has resulted in the development of effective therapies targeting endothelial dysfunction (epoprostenol and derivatives, endothelin receptor antagonists and phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors). These drugs allow clinical, functional and hemodynamic improvement. Even though, no cure exists for PAH and prognosis remains poor. Recently, several additional pathways have been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of PAH, and may represent innovative therapies. In this summary, we review conventional therapy, pharmacological agents currently available for the treatment of PAH and the benefit/risk ratio of potential future therapies.
- Pharmacology & therapeutics.Pharmacol Ther.2014 Feb;141(2):172-91. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.10.002. Epub 2013 Oct 14.
- Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare disorder characterized by progressive obliteration of small pulmonary arteries that leads to elevated pulmonary arterial pressure and right heart failure. During the last decades, an improved understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease has resu
- PMID 24134901
Japanese Journal
- Hepcidin expression in the liver of rats fed a magnesium-deficient diet.
- Ishizaki Natsumi,Kotani Megumi,Funaba Masayuki,Matsui Tohru
- The British journal of nutrition 106(8), 1169-1172, 2011-10
- … Previous studies revealed that Fe overload up-regulated Hepcidin expression through transcriptional activation by Fe-induced bone morphogenetic protein (Bmp) 6, a growth/differentiation factor belonging to the transforming growth factor-β family, in the liver. …
- NAID 120003517962
- Investigating Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) Signaling in a Newly Established Human Cell Line Expressing BMP Receptor Type II
- KUDO Tada-aki,KANETAKA Hiroyasu,WATANABE Akira,OKUMOTO Ayako,ASANO Masanobu,ZHANG Ye,ZHAO Fei,KANO Mitsuhiro,SHIMIZU Yoshinaka,TAMURA Shinri,HAYASHI Haruhide
- Tohoku journal of experimental medicine 222(2), 121-129, 2010-10-01
- NAID 10027085873
Related Links
- Bone morphogenetic protein receptor, type II spans the cell membrane, so that one end of the protein is on the outer surface of the cell and the other end remains inside the cell. This arrangement allows the protein to receive and transmit ...
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★リンクテーブル★
| リンク元 | 「BMP type II receptor」「骨形成タンパク質受容体II型」 |
| 関連記事 | 「type」「II」「I」「bone morphogenetic」「morphogenetic」 |
「BMP type II receptor」
「骨形成タンパク質受容体II型」
「type」
- n.
- (windows)ファイル内容表示(linux -> cat])
- ex. type report_20111118.jp.htm | php a.php > report_20111118.jp.jp.jp.html
「II」
「I」
「bone morphogenetic」
- 骨形成の
「morphogenetic」
- 形態形成の、形態発生の