二点弁別
WordNet
- mark with diacritics; "point the letter"
- a very small circular shape; "a row of points"; "draw lines between the dots" (同)dot
- an instant of time; "at that point I had to leave" (同)point in time
- repair the joints of bricks; "point a chimney" (同)repoint
- a V shape; "the cannibals teeth were filed to sharp points" (同)tip, peak
- a linear unit used to measure the size of type; approximately 1/72 inch
- a style in speech or writing that arrests attention and has a penetrating or convincing quality or effect
- one percent of the total principal of a loan; it is paid at the time the loan is made and is independent of the interest on the loan
- the unit of counting in scoring a game or contest; "he scored 20 points in the first half"; "a touchdown counts 6 points"
- the gun muzzles direction; "he held me up at the point of a gun" (同)gunpoint
- the property of a shape that tapers to a sharp tip (同)pointedness
- a wall socket (同)power_point
- an outstanding characteristic; "his acting was one of the high points of the movie" (同)spot
- a distinguishing or individuating characteristic; "he knows my bad points as well as my good points"
- sharp end; "he stuck the point of the knife into a tree"; "he broke the point of his pencil"
- a V-shaped mark at one end of an arrow pointer; "the point of the arrow was due north" (同)head
- a brief version of the essential meaning of something; "get to the point"; "he missed the point of the joke"; "life has lost its point"
- a geometric element that has position but no extension; "a point is defined by its coordinates"
- a promontory extending out into a large body of water; "they sailed south around the point"
- the object of an activity; "what is the point of discussing it?"
- the precise location of something; a spatially limited location; "she walked to a point where she could survey the whole street"
- be positionable in a specified manner; "The gun points with ease"
- indicate the presence of (game) by standing and pointing with the muzzle; "the dog pointed the dead duck"
- mark (a psalm text) to indicate the points at which the music changes
- mark (Hebrew words) with diacritics
- being one more than one; "he received two messages" (同)2, ii
- the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number (同)2, II, deuce
- unfair treatment of a person or group on the basis of prejudice (同)favoritism, favouritism
- the cognitive process whereby two or more stimuli are distinguished (同)secernment
- having a point
- direct and obvious in meaning or reference; often unpleasant; "a pointed critique"; "a pointed allusion to what was going on"; "another pointed look in their direction"
- Hawaiian dish of taro root pounded to a paste and often allowed to ferment
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 〈C〉(針・鉛筆・剣などの)『とがった先』,(…の)先端《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉岬(みさき) / 〈C〉(小数点・句読点などの)点 / 〈C〉(図形上の)点 / 〈C〉(ある特定の)『地点』(spot),場所(place) / 〈C〉(計器の目盛りなどの)『点』,『度』 / 〈C〉時点,瞬間 / 〈C〉《単数形で》(物語・議論などの)『要点』,核心《+『of』(『in』)+『名』》 / 〈U〉(…の)『目的』,『意義』,ねらっている点《+『of』(『in』)+『名』(do『ing』)》 / 〈C〉(全体の中の)個々の項目,細目(item),細部(detail) / 〈C〉特徴(characteristic),特質(trait) / 〈C〉(競技・学校の成績などの)得点 / 〈C〉ポイント(活字の大きさの単位;約1/72インチの大きさ) / (…に)〈銃・指など〉‘を'『向ける』《+『名』+『at』(『to, toward』)+『名』》 / …‘に'『指し示す』《point+名+to+名…に…をさし示す》 / …‘の'先をとがらせる,‘に'先を付ける / …‘に'点を打つ;…‘に'小数点を付ける;…‘に'句読点を付ける / 〈猟犬が〉〈獲物〉‘を'指し示す / (…を)(指などで)『示す』,指し示す《+『at』(『to, toward』)+『名』(do『ing』)》 / 〈猟犬が〉獲物の位置を示す
- 〈C〉(数の)『2』,2の記号 / 〈U〉2時,2分;2歳 / 《複数扱い》二人;2個 / 〈C〉二つ(二人,2個)1組のもの / 〈C〉(カードゲーム)2の札,(さいころの)2の目 / 2の;二人の;二つの,2個の / 《補語にのみ用いて》2歳の(で)
- 区別(識別)すること / (…に対する)差別待遇《+『against』+『名』》 / 識別力,鋭く見分ける力
- 『先のとがった』,鋭い / (皮肉など)痛烈な,しんらつな / (ある目標に)向けられた,(はっきりと特定の人に)向けられた,当てこすりの
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2013/03/12 19:44:38」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Two-point discrimination is the ability to discern that two nearby objects touching the skin are truly two distinct points, not 1. It is often tested with two sharp points during a neurological examination[1]:632[2]:71 and reflects how finely innervated an area of skin is.
Two-point discrimination is a reliable and widely used technique for determining tactile gnosis.[3] It relies on the ability and/or willingness of the patient to subjectively report what s/he is feeling and should be completed with the patient’s eyes closed.[4] In order to test for two-point discrimination, the therapist will use a special pair of calipers (or reshaped paperclip). The therapist will alternate (randomly) between touching the patient with one point or with two points on the area being tested (e.g. finger, arm, leg, toe).[4] The patient will then be asked to report back what s/he felt (one or two points). The smallest distance between two points at which the patient can still distinguish as two separate stimuli and not one, is recorded.[5] Each extremity should be tested and compared side to side for discrepancies.
The smallest and most dense sensory units are located in those areas that have the greatest somatosensory cortical representation. Normally, a person should be able to recognize two points separated by as little as 2-4 mm on the lips and finger pads, 8-15 mm on the palms and 30-40 mm on the shins or back (assuming the points are at the same dermatome).[1]:632 The posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway is responsible for carrying information involving fine, discriminative touch. Therefore, upon damage to this pathway, two-point discrimination can be impaired.[5]
References
- ^ a b Bickley, Lynn; Szilagui, Peter (2007). Bates' Guide to Physical Examination and History Taking (9th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN [[Special:BookSources/0-7818-6718-0|0-7818-6718-0]].
- ^ Blumenfield, Hal (2002). Neuroanatomy Through Clinical Cases. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer. ISBN 0-87893-060-4.
- ^ Shooter, David (2005). "Use of two-point discrimination as a nerve repair assessment tool: Preliminary report". ANZ Journal of Surgery 75 (10): 866–868. doi:10.1111/j.1445-2197.2005.03557.x. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com.proxy.queensu.ca/doi/10.1111/j.1445-2197.2005.03557.x/full. Retrieved May 14, 2011.
- ^ a b Blumenfeld, Hal (2010). Neuroanatomy through Clinical Cases. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates, Inc.. pp. 71–72. ISBN 978-0-87893-058-6.
- ^ a b O'Sullivan, Susan (2007). Physical Rehabilitation Fifth Edition. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company. pp. 136–146. ISBN 978- 0-8036-1247-1.
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Disturbed vibrotactile sense in finger pulps in patients with Type?1 diabetes-correlations with glycaemic level, clinical examination and electrophysiology.
- Dahlin LB, Granberg V, Rolandsson O, Rosen I, Dahlin E, Sundkvist G.SourceDepartment of Hand Surgery Department of Endocrinology, Skane University Hospital, Malmo Family Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umea University, Umea Neurophysiology, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
- Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.Diabet Med.2011 Sep;28(9):1045-52. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2011.03328.x.
- Diabet. Med. 28, 1045-1052 (2011) ABSTRACT: Aims? In a cohort of men and women with Type?1 diabetes, prospectively followed for >?20?years, vibrotactile sense in fingers was investigated and related to neurophysiological tests, glycaemic level and clinical score. Methods? Out of 58 pati
- PMID 21843302
- A systematic review of the outcomes of replantation of distal digital amputation.
- Sebastin SJ, Chung KC.SourceSingapore and Ann Arbor, Mich. From the Department of Hand and Reconstructive Microsurgery, National University Health System, and the Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System.
- Plastic and reconstructive surgery.Plast Reconstr Surg.2011 Sep;128(3):723-37.
- BACKGROUND: : The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the English literature on replantation of distal digital amputations to provide the best evidence of survival rates and functional outcomes.METHODS: : A MEDLINE search using "digit," "finger," "thumb," and "replantation" as ke
- PMID 21572379
Japanese Journal
- 野田 朋裕,前田 新一,石井 信
- 情報処理学会研究報告. BIO, バイオ情報学 2011-BIO-24(8), 1-6, 2011-03-03
- 天文学,化学,生物学などの分野では,複数の点光源(恒星や蛍光分子)の識別が求められ,識別性能の理論限界について議論されてきた.本研究では,識別性能の基本的な指標である二点分解能を求めることを目的とする.ここで,二点分解能とは,点光源が1点であるか2点であるかを識別する性能である.従来から二点分離の性能の理論的限界が求められてきたが,観測過程に含まれる確率的要因(光子の有限性に由来する回折における確 …
- NAID 110008584213
- 10P-A-5 二点弁別の自発的回答の信頼性評価手法の開発(A会場 一般講演)
- 野田 信雄,根本 哲也,中村 昭範,中野 正博,佐山 行宏,松浦 弘幸
- バイオメディカル・ファジィ・システム学会大会講演論文集 : BMFSA (23), 193-194, 2010-10-09
- … Examined the influence that aging gave in two point threshold. … Developed a device to clarify a normal value of two points of discrimination of the elderly person. … The device is two point threshold testers which can control a physical parameter. …
- NAID 110008136617
Related Links
- Two-point discrimination is the ability to discern that two nearby objects touching the skin are truly two distinct points, not one. It is often tested with two sharp points during a neurological examination :632 :71 and reflects how finely innervated ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
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- 英
- two point discrimination two-point discrimination 2PD
- 同
- 二点識別 2点識別、2点同時刺激識別感覚、二点識別覚 2点識別覚(BET)、二点識別感覚 2点識別感覚、
- 関
- 弁別閾、二点弁別閾
- 皮膚に同時に加えられた2つの刺激を識別する能力。
- コンパスなどで2点を同時に刺激する。
[★]
- 指さす、示す(at,to)
- (ある方向に)向いている(to,toward)
- 傾向にある(to)
- 関
- dictate、direct、dot、indicate、indication、instruct、instruction、spot
[★]
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- color discrimination
[★]
- とがり付け、ポインティング,照準,目地仕上,先付け