WordNet

dealing with salacious or indecent material; "a scabrous novel"
of the margin of a leaf shape; having the edge cut or fringed or scalloped
the part of a golf course bordering the fairway where the grass is not cut short
causing or characterized by jolts and irregular movements; "a rough ride" (同)rocky, bumpy, jolty, jolting, jumpy
having or caused by an irregular surface; "trees with rough bark"; "rough ground"; "rough skin"; "rough blankets"; "his unsmooth face" (同)unsmooth
(of persons or behavior) lacking refinement or finesse; "she was a diamond in the rough"; "rough manners"
not perfected; "a rough draft"; "a few rough sketches"
on the surface; "surface materials of the moon"
the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary; "there is a special cleaner for these surfaces"; "the cloth had a pattern of red dots on a white surface"
the outermost level of the land or sea; "earthquakes originate far below the surface"; "three quarters of the Earths surface is covered by water" (同)Earth''s surface
a superficial aspect as opposed to the real nature of something; "it was not what it appeared to be on the surface"
the extended two-dimensional outer boundary of a three-dimensional object; "they skimmed over the surface of the water"; "a brush small enough to clean every dental surface"; "the sun has no distinct surface"
come to the surface (同)come_up, rise up, rise

PrepTutorEJDIC

ざらざらした,でこぼこの / わいせつな,きわどい
(表面が)『粗い』,ざらざらした,きめの粗い・でこぼこの / (動きなどが)『荒っぽい』;(空・海などが)荒れた / (人・態度などが)『粗野な』,荒々しい,無作法な / 『おおよその』,あらましの / (ダイヤモンドなど)自然のままの,未加工の / 《話》困難な,つらい,ひどい;(…に)ひどい,むごい《+『on』+『名』》 / (生活が)非文化的な,不便な / 毛深い,毛むくじゃらの,毛が刈ってない / …‘を'乱暴(手荒)に扱う《+『up』+『名,』+『名』+『up』》 / 〈計画・作品など〉‘の'概略を書く,‘を'ざっと下書きする《+『in』(『out』)+『名,』+『名』+『in』(『out』)》 / 〈物の表面など〉‘を'ざらざらにする / 手荒く,乱暴に / 〈U〉《the rough》ラフ(ゴルフのコースで芝をはったフェアウェイ以外の部分) / 〈C〉乱暴者
(物の)表面,外面;水面 / 《比喩的に》『うわべ』,見かけ / 『表面(水面)の,』表面(水面)に関する / 《比喩的に》『うわべだけの,』見かけだけの / 陸(水)上輸送の / (沈んでいたものが)表面に浮上する;《話》《おどけて》(寝ていた人が)起きる / (…で)…‘に'表面をつける,〈道路〉‘を'舗装する《+名+with+名》

UpToDate Contents

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1. 外陰部病変：形態に基づく鑑別診断 vulvar lesions differential diagnosis based on morphology
2. 古典的ホジキンリンパ腫患者の長期経過観察 long term follow up of the patient with classical hodgkin lymphoma
3. 成人における古典型ホジキンリンパ腫の治療の概要 overview of the treatment of classical hodgkin lymphoma in adults
4. 広範囲薬剤耐性結核の疫学 epidemiology of extensively drug resistant tuberculosis
5. 濾胞性リンパ腫における同種造血細胞移植 allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in follicular lymphoma

English Journal

A 5-year prospective radiographic evaluation of marginal bone levels adjacent to parallel-screw cylinder machined-neck implants and rough-surfaced microthreaded implants using digitized panoramic radiographs.

Nickenig HJ, Wichmann M, Happe A, Zöller JE, Eitner S.SourceDepartment of Oral, Maxillary and Plastic Facial Surgery (Head: Prof. Dr. Dr. J.E. Zöller), University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, G-50937 Cologne, Germany; Interdisciplinary Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology (Head: Prof. Dr. Dr. J.E. Zöller), University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, G-50937 Cologne, Germany. Electronic address: Dr.A.Nickenig@t-online.de.
Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery : official publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery.J Craniomaxillofac Surg.2013 Oct;41(7):564-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jcms.2012.11.027. Epub 2013 Jan 16.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this split-mouth study was to compare macro- and microstructure implant surfaces at the marginal bone level over five years of functional loading.MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January to February 2006, 133 implants (70 rough-surfaced microthreaded implants and 63 machined-nec
PMID 23332435

Impact of implant surface topography: a clinical study with a mean functional loading time of 85 months.

Arnhart C, Dvorak G, Trefil C, Huber C, Watzek G, Zechner W.SourceDivision of Oral Surgery, Bernhard Gottlieb University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, Vienna, Austria. christoph.arnhart@meduniwien.ac.at
Clinical oral implants research.Clin Oral Implants Res.2013 Sep;24(9):1049-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2012.02498.x. Epub 2012 May 17.
OBJECTIVE: Moderately rough, surfaced implants are widely used. Nevertheless data on long-term soft and hard tissue parameters are still conflicting. The purpose of this study was to evaluate peri-implant bone level and soft tissue integration of anodized vs. turned surfaced implants in the anterior
PMID 22591462

Retrospective Multicenter Study of 230 6-mm SLA-Surfaced Implants with 1- to 6-Year Follow-Up.

Rodrigo D, Cabello G, Herrero M, Gonzalez D, Herrero F, Aracil L, Morante S, Rebelo H, Villaverde G, García A, Alonso A, Barrachina M, Blanco J, Almeida RF.AbstractPurpose: Using short implants poses a challenge in implant surgery. Implant surfaces have evolved, making it possible to improve the success of short implants substantially. However, there is still little information about the long-term predictability achieved with short, rough-surfaced implants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term survival rate of 6-mm rough implants. Materials and Methods: A retrospective multicenter analysis of the survival of short 6-mm SLA-surfaced implants was conducted. A total of 230 implants placed in 159 patients were included. The follow-up time ranged between 1 and 6 years. Results: Seven of the 230 implants failed, which gives a cumulative survival rate of 96.4%. Two hundred and fourteen implants were placed in the mandible (93.1%), as opposed to 16 placed in the maxilla (6.9%). Five implants failed during the osseointegration period, and two failed after receiving the prosthetic load. No statistically significant differences were found (P < .44). Of the loaded implants, 209 were splinted to other implants, as opposed to 14 that were not. One implant failed in each group, resulting in a 99.5% for the splinted implants and 92.9% for the unsplinted implants. No statistically significant differences were found between the splinted and unsplinted groups (P < .12). Conclusions: The short implants used in this study displayed high longterm predictability when placed in the mandible and splinted. There is insufficient- information to extrapolate these results to the maxilla and non-splinted implants.
The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants.Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants.2013 Sep-Oct;28(5):1331-7. doi: 10.11607/jomi.3129.
Purpose: Using short implants poses a challenge in implant surgery. Implant surfaces have evolved, making it possible to improve the success of short implants substantially. However, there is still little information about the long-term predictability achieved with short, rough-surfaced implants. Th
PMID 24066325

Japanese Journal

低蛋白血症で発見された骨髄腫関連疾患の一症例

秋庭早苗,三宅智子,米山美貴子,戸田俊介,中村隆資,志茂公洋,來山浩之,岩井隆行,山崎浩子,八幡義人
川崎医学会誌 40(1), 43-48, 2014
広義の骨髄腫関連疾患には,古典的なmyelomaを始めとして,plasmacytic leukemia,plasmacytomaさらにmacroglobulinemia,lymphoplasmacytic lymphomaなどが含まれる.一般的には特徴的検査所見の一つに,血清総蛋白の高値がある.ところが,今回我々は血清総蛋白がむしろ低値であった骨髄腫関連疾患を経験した.症例は85歳女性.貧血軽度, …
NAID 110009807858

シスゴルジマーカーを用いた細胞内タンパク小胞輸送評価系の検討

中川博史,石崎雅和,石田勝政,西村和彦,松尾三郎
日本毒性学会学術年会 40.1(0), 150419, 2013
【目的】粗面小胞体(rER)にて作られたタンパクは，COPII小胞に包まれ，Golgi装置へと輸送される(COPII輸送)。COPII輸送の抑制はERストレスを誘導し細胞障害を導くことから，COPII輸送調節メカニズムの解明のためにCOPII輸送の評価系の確立は重要である。BrefeldinA(BFA)は可逆的にGolgi装置を断片化させ，cis-Golgi領域の一部はrERと融合する。BFAを除 …
NAID 130004676639

車椅子走行における乗り心地と乗車者の重心移動について:－平坦路・段差路走行時の重心移動－

松尾優子,小島洋一郎,大橋智志,国崎翠,三宅紋子,澤田知之
日本感性工学会論文誌 12(1), 1-5, 2013
As our country is facing a rapid increase of aging population along with a huge amount of people with disabilities striving to live an independent life, the chances of wheelchair users going out are i …
NAID 130003377983