retrenchment

• 節減

関

parsimony、reduction

　 　 　

WordNet

1. the reduction of expenditures in order to become financially stable (同)curtailment, downsizing
2. entrenchment consisting of an additional interior fortification to prolong the defense
3. any process in which electrons are added to an atom or ion (as by removing oxygen or adding hydrogen); always occurs accompanied by oxidation of the reducing agent (同)reducing
4. the act of reducing complexity (同)simplification
5. extreme care in spending money; reluctance to spend money unnecessarily (同)parsimoniousness, thrift, penny-pinching

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (費用の)節約,削減
2. 〈U〉〈C〉(…を)『減らすこと』,減少,縮小,格下げ,(…の)割り引き《+『in』+『名』》 / 〈C〉減少(縮小)した量;割引額 / 〈C〉縮図,縮写 / 〈U〉換算約分
3. 《文》吝嗇(りんしょく),しみったれ,極端な倹約

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/11/07 10:55:53」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

This article is about a political doctrine. For other uses, see Retrenchment (disambiguation).

Retrenchment (French: retrenchment, an old form of retranchement, from retrancher, to cut down, cut short) is an act of cutting down or reduction, particularly of public expenditure.

Political usage

The word is familiar in this, its most general sense, from the motto of the Gladstonian Liberal party in British politics, "Peace, Retrenchment and Reform."

The manifesto for 1906 Liberal landslide was launched with this slogan:

Expenditure calls for taxes, and taxes are the plaything of the tariff reformer. Militarism, extravagance, protection are weeds which grow in the same field, and if you want to clear the field for honest cultivation you must root them all out. For my own part, I do not believe that we should have been confronted by the spectre of protection if it had not been for the South African war. ... Depend upon it that in fighting for our open ports and for the cheap food and material upon which the welfare of the people and the prosperity of our commerce depend we are fighting against those powers, privileges, injustices, and monopolies which are unalterably opposed to the triumph of democratic principles.

See also

• Retrenchment (computing)
• Retrenchment (military)

Sources

•  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press 

References

English Journal

• Robotic versus laparoscopic liver resection: a comparative study from a single center.

• Yu YD1, Kim KH, Jung DH, Namkoong JM, Yoon SY, Jung SW, Lee SK, Lee SG.
• Langenbeck's archives of surgery / Deutsche Gesellschaft für Chirurgie.Langenbecks Arch Surg.2014 Dec;399(8):1039-45. doi: 10.1007/s00423-014-1238-y. Epub 2014 Nov 4.
• PURPOSE: The significant advantages of robotic surgery have expanded the scope of surgical procedures that can be performed through minimally invasive techniques. The aim of this study was to compare the perioperative outcomes between robotic and laparoscopic liver surgeries at a single center.METHO
• PMID 25366357

• Medications development for substance-use disorders: contextual influences (dis)incentivizing pharmaceutical-industry positioning.

• Janero DR1.
• Expert opinion on drug discovery.Expert Opin Drug Discov.2014 Nov;9(11):1265-79. doi: 10.1517/17460441.2014.951631. Epub 2014 Aug 27.
• INTRODUCTION: The significant contribution of substance-use disorders (SUDs) to the global-disease burden and associated unmet medical needs has not engendered a commensurate level of pharma-industry research and development (R&D) for novel SUD therapeutics invention. Analysis of contextual fact
• PMID 25162124

• Social welfare support and homicide: longitudinal analyses of European countries from 1994 to 2010.

• McCall PL1, Brauer JR2.
• Social science research.Soc Sci Res.2014 Nov;48:90-107. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2014.05.009. Epub 2014 Jun 4.
• The purpose of this research is to explore the extent to which retrenchment in welfare support is related to homicide trends across European countries between 1994 and 2010. Using a longitudinal decomposition design that allows for stronger causal inferences compared to typical cross-sectional desig
• PMID 25131277

• The Big Society in an age of austerity: threats and opportunities for Health Consumer and Patients' Organizations in England.

• Baggott R1, Jones K.
• Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy.Health Expect.2014 Mar 6. doi: 10.1111/hex.12185. [Epub ahead of print]
• BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Health consumer and patients' organizations (HCPOs) seek to influence policy. But how are they affected by developments in the policy context and political environment DESIGN: The article draws on original research into HCPOs in the UK by the authors, including a major surv
• PMID 24602084

Japanese Journal

• 爆発的拡大のための雌伏 ―米国ビジティング・ティーチャーの大恐慌時代―

• 倉石 一郎,クライシ イチロウ,KURAISHI Ichiro
• 国際関係論叢 2(2), 49-84, 2013-07-31
• NAID 120005353851

• 職業倫理 : トヨタの緊縮の目的論的効果

• WALSH Anthony
• 環太平洋大学研究紀要 (7), 237-241, 2013
• NAID 40019722267

• 立憲民政党と金解禁政策

• 加藤 祐介
• 史學雜誌 121(11), 1901-1922, 2012-11-20
• … However, the Hamaguchi Osachi cabinet's objective was to implement a strict policy of retrenchment centered around cutting or postponing public works projects, resulting in tension arising between the government and its own party's machine. … Adachi by no means unconditionally acceded to the demands of his party's rank and file, but rather stayed in line with the government's principle of cutting and postponing "normal" public works projects, which was the key measure to the success of retrenchment. …
• NAID 110009562129

• 便乗解雇や生活苦に直面 : 被災地の女性労働者を襲う人員削減 (特集 被災地が問いかける女性労働)

• 岡田 広行
• 女性労働研究 -(56) (-), 84-89, 2012
• NAID 40019216441

Related Links

• retrenchmentの意味・用例｜英辞郎 on the WEB：アルク

retrenchment 【名】 削減、縮小、短縮 経費節減、支出抑制 - アルクがお届けする進化するオンライン英和・和英辞書データベース。一般的な単語や連語から、イディオム、専門用語、スラングまで幅広く収録。

• Retrenchment - definition of retrenchment by The Free Dictionary

re·trench·ment (rĭ-trĕnch′mənt) n. 1. A cutting down or back; reduction. 2. A curtailment of expenses. retrenchment (rɪˈtrɛntʃmənt) n 1. (Banking & Finance) the act of reducing expenditure in order to improve financial stability 2.

• Retrenchment | Define Retrenchment at Dictionary.com

Retrenchment definition, the act of retrenching; a cutting down or off, as by the reduction of expenses. See more. ... The Washington Post, after a difficult four-year retrenchment, has tapped Boston Globe Editor Marty Baron to run ...

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「reduction」「節減」「短縮」「parsimony」

「reduction」

　　[★]

• n.

• 減少、低下、縮小、減力、節減、(化学)還元

関

decline、decrease、depression、diminish、diminution、down-regulate、down-regulation、downregulate、downregulation、drop、fall、hypoergy、loss、lower、lowering、parsimony、reduce、retrenchment

　 　 　

「節減」

　　[★]

英

parsimony、reduction、retrenchment

関

還元、減少、減力、縮小、低下

「短縮」

　　[★]

英

abbreviation、brachysm、contraction、retrenchment、shortening

「parsimony」

　　[★]

• 節減

関

reduction、retrenchment