出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/01/06 06:35:33」(JST)
| Quadriceps femoris muscle | |
|---|---|
|
Quadriceps femoris, with different muscles in different colors.
rectus femoris - blue |
|
| Details | |
| Latin | Musculus quadriceps femoris |
| Origin | Combined rectus femoris and vastus muscles |
| Insertion | Tibial tuberosity |
|
Artery
|
Femoral artery |
|
Nerve
|
Femoral nerve |
| Actions | Knee extension; Hip flexion (Rectus femoris only) |
| Identifiers | |
| Gray's | p.470 |
| Dorlands /Elsevier |
Quadriceps femoris muscle |
| TA | A04.7.02.017 |
| FMA | 22428 |
| Anatomical terms of muscle | |
The quadriceps femoris (/ˈkwɒdrɨsɛps ˈfɛmərɨs/) (Latin for "four-headed muscle of the femur"), also called simply the quadriceps, quadriceps extensor, or quads, is a large muscle group that includes the four prevailing muscles on the front of the thigh. It is the great extensor muscle of the knee, forming a large fleshy mass which covers the front and sides of the femur.
It is subdivided into four separate portions or 'heads', which have received distinctive names:
All four parts of the quadriceps muscle ultimately insert into the tibial tuberosity of the tibia. This is via the patella, where the quadriceps tendon becomes the patellar ligament, which then attaches to the tibia.
There is a fifth muscle of the quadriceps complex that is often forgotten and rarely taught called articularis genus.
Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4).
All four quadriceps are powerful extensors of the knee joint. They are crucial in walking, running, jumping and squatting. Because rectus femoris attaches to the ilium, it is also a flexor of the hip. This action is also crucial to walking or running as it swings the leg forward into the ensuing step. The quadriceps, specifically the vastus medialis, play the important role of stabilizing the patella and the knee joint during gait.[1]
In strength training, the quadriceps are trained by several leg exercises. Effective exercises include the squat and leg press. The isolation movement (i.e. targets solely the quadriceps) is the leg extension exercise.
The proper Latin plural form of the adjective quadriceps would be quadricipites. In modern English usage, quadriceps is used in both singular and plural. The singular form quadricep, produced by back-formation, is frequently used.
Knee diagram
Capsule of right knee-joint (distended). Lateral aspect.
Cross-section through the middle of the thigh.
Anterior aspect of right leg.
Front and medial aspect of right thigh.
Lateral aspect of right leg.
The leg extension is an isolation exercise.
Quadriceps muscle
Quadriceps muscle
| Wikimedia Commons has media related to Quadriceps femoris muscle. |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
| リンク元 | 「大腿四頭筋」「四頭筋」 |
| 拡張検索 | 「quadriceps muscle」「musculus quadriceps femoris」「musculus quadriceps」「quadriceps femoris reflex」 |
| 筋名 | 起始 | 停止 | 支配神経 | 機能 |
| 大腿直筋 | 腸骨(下前腸骨棘、寛骨臼の上縁) | 脛骨(脛骨粗面) | 大腿神経 | 膝関節の伸展、股関節の屈曲 |
| 中間広筋 | 大腿骨(上部3/4) | 〃 | 〃 | 膝関節の伸展 |
| 外側広筋 | 大腿骨(大転子、粗線外側唇) | 〃 | 〃 | 膝関節の伸展 |
| 内側広筋 | 大腿骨(粗線内側唇) | 〃 | 〃 | 膝関節の伸展 |